"Lecture" is a new form of teaching and research, which refers to a teaching and research activity in which the lecturer tells the teaching idea and theoretical basis of a class (or a unit) in front of peers or teaching and research personnel on a specific occasion, and then the listener comments, the speaker defends and learns from each other, so that the teaching design tends to be perfect. Speaking lessons can also be said to be an artistic expression of teaching. Speaking class should not only talk about "how to teach", but also talk about "why to teach like this". This is an effective teaching activity to improve teachers' teaching quality and enhance their teaching ability, and has now become an effective organizational form of teacher training.

Second, the basic content of the "lecture"

Speaking of class, we must make a scientific analysis and explanation of lesson preparation from a theoretical height, so as to prove that our lesson preparation is orderly, not blind; It's reason, not sensibility. Therefore, the content of the lecture generally includes four aspects:

1, teaching material (i.e. analysis teaching material)

(1) Talk about the position and role of this topic or the content of this chapter in the textbook system of the whole period and grade. For example, the first article in Unit 1 of Book 1 of Chinese published by Chinese Publishing House is Bing Xin's Recitation. Why the author put this article at the beginning is meaningful. Because this article vividly recalls the author's childhood reading experience and years of reading experience, the most important thing in learning Chinese is to stimulate students' reading interest and make them master good reading methods. Therefore, its position and function in the textbook system is to guide students to understand the truth of "read well, read more and read well", thus stimulating students' interest in reading famous books, broadening their horizons and enriching their literary literacy.

(2) Tell the teaching objectives of this lesson or chapter and the basis for its establishment. There are three bases for determining teaching objectives: first, according to the provisions of the syllabus; Second, the requirements of teaching materials; Third, the reality of the teaching object. These four points should be considered comprehensively to determine the starting point and end point of teaching. In addition, the teaching objectives should be comprehensive. The teaching goal of quality education has three levels: knowledge goal, ability goal and emotional value goal. According to this teaching philosophy of paying equal attention to three dimensions, I have determined that the teaching goal of the novel A Tale of an Empty City is:

1. Knowledge goal: Understanding novels reflects social life by shaping characters, arranging plots and describing the environment. By analyzing the characters' language, movements, psychology and appearance in a specific environment, we can learn to grasp the characters' personality characteristics.

2. Ability goal: to stimulate students' interest in reading famous books and encourage students to read excellent novels at home and abroad after class. Rewrite and perform short plays to cultivate students' imagination and writing ability.

3. Emotional value goal: guide students to analyze the text themselves, encourage students to express their opinions and make their own comments on the characters.

(3) Talk about the key points, difficulties and why we should establish and break through this method. The concept of the new curriculum standard is "for all students, for all students". Establishing key and difficult points depends on the teaching content, and establishing key and difficult points according to the goal. Second, look at the students. Students are the masters of learning. To establish key points and difficulties, we must analyze students' original foundation, knowledge level, psychological characteristics, possible difficulties in learning, development direction, etc. These are all targeted, and we must not blindly pursue perfection.

The focus of "An Empty City": By analyzing the gripping plot of the text, we can master the characteristics of portraying characters. Difficulties: master the method of reading novels and describe the details. The ways to break through the predicament are: cooperative inquiry, teacher-student interaction and textbook drama performance.

2. Oral Teaching Method (Trilogy)

(1) What kind of teaching method do you choose?

(2) What kind of teaching methods are used (that is, video tapes, multimedia courseware, teaching AIDS and other auxiliary means), which can clearly explain the purpose and function of their use during the lecture.

(3) The theoretical basis for choosing a teaching method, whether it is the method you learn from or the method you are exploring and practicing, first introduces the operation process of this method, and then introduces the theoretical basis of this method. For example, the theoretical basis of the five-step teaching method I adopt is to teach students to be masters of learning. To achieve the new curriculum standard of "teaching is to not teach" as Mr. Ye Shengtao said, teachers should be liberated from the role of imparting knowledge in the past. Teachers, as promoters and cultivators of students' learning ability, are not the protagonists in the classroom, but the students are the main body, so we should fully tap the potential of students and mobilize their enthusiasm for autonomous learning. However, no matter which teaching method is chosen, the key lies in teachers' grasp of the characteristics of teaching materials and students' cognitive laws. No matter which method is adopted, the principles of "enlightening", "highlighting subjectivity" and "paying attention to thinking quality" should always be implemented.

3. Speaking and learning methods

Talking about learning methods should not stop at introducing learning methods, but should focus on how to implement the guidance of learning methods. Especially in today's new curriculum reform, changing students' learning style and advocating a learning style characterized by "active participation, willingness to learn, exchange and cooperation" is the top priority of this new curriculum reform, which will also become the "baton" for all our teachers.

When talking about learning methods, we should pay attention to the explanation of the guiding process of a certain method, such as how the teacher designed the situation, what good learning habits the students developed in what activities and what scientific learning methods were realized.