1, at the beginning of People's Republic of China (PRC).

① Establishment of scientific research institutions: China Academy of Sciences was established in 1949, with Guo Moruo as its president.

(2) To formulate a long-term plan for the scientific development of China, focusing on the development of high technologies such as atomic energy, rockets and electronic computers.

2. During the Cultural Revolution, China's scientific and technological undertakings were seriously damaged.

3. After the Cultural Revolution

At the 1978 National Conference on Science and Technology, Deng Xiaoping reiterated the famous assertion that "science and technology are productive forces", and science and technology and intellectuals were affirmed and valued again.

② The reform of science and technology system began from 65438 to 0985, which promoted the combination of science and technology and economy. The 863 Plan, Spark Plan and Torch Plan were formulated, which improved China's comprehensive competitiveness in science and technology.

③ 1995, the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education is put forward, which indicates that China's scientific and technological development has entered a new stage.

Two, the main achievements of scientific and technological development since the founding of New China.

1. Develop "two bombs and one satellite" (atomic bomb, missile, artificial earth satellite). (Scientists: Deng Jiaxian, Qian Xuesen)-Purpose: To break the monopoly of the United States and the Soviet Union on nuclear weapons and space technology.

① 1964 The first atomic bomb exploded successfully ―― Significance: China's national defense capability was enhanced; It laid the foundation for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Later, Qinshan Nuclear Power Station and Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station were built one after another.

② 1964 The medium and short-range missile designed and manufactured by ourselves was successfully tested.

③ 1960, the first rocket designed and developed by China was successfully launched in Jiuquan. 1970, the first artificial earth satellite "Dongfanghong-1" was successfully launched, and China became the fifth country in the world to launch a satellite. -China entered the space age.

2. A major breakthrough has been made in space technology.

(1) 1992, the government of China made a strategic decision to carry out manned spaceflight project, and manned spacecraft was formally included in the national development plan. This is the largest and most complicated space project in China at the turn of the century.

② On June 5438+1October 65438+May, 2003, the manned space flight of Shenzhou 5 spacecraft (Yang Liwei) was successful. China has become the third country in the world to master manned space technology.

3. The high-yield hybrid rice (Nanyou No.2) developed by Yuan Longping, the second green revolution and the fifth great invention, won the highest national science and technology award in China in 20065438+0, and was the first person (the father of hybrid rice) who successfully utilized the heterosis of rice in the world.

Significance: It has improved the rice yield in China, solved the problem of feeding people in China, helped solve the problem of world hunger in the future, and made great contributions to world agricultural science and technology.

4. Development of computer technology: Yinhe 1 Yu 1983 was successfully developed.

5. Development of biotechnology: 1965 Synthetic crystalline bovine insulin-the world's first total synthesis in protein-opened the era of synthetic protein.

I hope I can help you.