Jade processing steps:
1. Sawing jade
Sawing is to divide jade materials into suitable shapes and sizes on a sawing machine, so that jade craftsmen can make rational use of them. This is also the first process of jade processing. The sawing process involves sawing machine and saw blade. Great changes have taken place in the tools used for sawing since ancient times. It's been a long time since the manual-driven sand saw went to the electric-driven cutting machine. The saws widely used in modern times include electric saws with different purposes, such as large-scale material cutting machines (including rock cutting machines and slicers), small-scale cutting machines and multi-blade cutting machines.
The types of saw blades are also different. The saw blades of various modern sawing machines adopt hot-cast saw blades and barrel-plated saw blades, and diamond powder is directly hot-cast or barrel-plated on the blade edge of the saw blade, so that the sawing machine can quickly cut jade with any hardness with high efficiency only by cooling water. In particular, the barrel-plated saw blade has been widely used since its birth because of its low price, complete specifications, thin saw blade and minimal material loss during cutting.
2. Thinking about jade
Polishing is the second process of jade processing. The key to the shape of a jade article lies in the quality of thinking. Grinding process involves abrasives and abrasives. Abrasive is an important auxiliary material for jade processing. Ancient craftsmen used sand in the river bed as abrasive. The grinding of jade is carried out by grinding tools with abrasives. There are usually two forms: grinding with loose granular abrasives and grinding with fixed abrasives. The former is to add water to the abrasive to make a suspension and attach it to some tools (such as cast iron flat discs). With the help of the rotation of the grinding disc and the pressure exerted on the jade material, abrasives are often used in traditional grinding methods. In the latter case, the abrasive is fixed on a certain matrix by a binder such as resin, metal and ceramics, so as to polish the jade. This method is often used in modern jade processing. For example, abrasives made of silicon carbide powder are called silicon carbide abrasives, including various types of grinding wheels, abrasive belts, abrasive cloth, sandpaper and so on. Among them, the most commonly used is silicon carbide grinding wheel.
3. Polishing of jade articles
The polishing process is actually a fine grinding operation, involving polishing agents and polishing tools. That is, the polishing agent is mixed with some liquids such as water and sewing oil in a certain proportion, so that it adheres to the polishing tool and rubs against the workpiece. If handled properly, jade pieces can present a beautiful appearance. The polishing process is realized by attaching the polishing agent to the polishing tool and rubbing with jade. Ordinary polishing tools are divided into two categories. A jade article used for polishing a convex surface, a spherical surface and a conformal surface. Usually the polishing disc or polishing disc is made of felt, leather and woolen cloth, which is called floppy disk. The other is to polish jade with a plane. Usually, polishing discs are made of hard materials such as metal, plastic, wood and so on. Polishing discs made of metal are usually called hard disks, while polishing discs made of wood, plastic or even asphalt are called dielectric hard disks. Soft polishing tools are more commonly used in jade processing because they are mostly curved or arc-shaped.
Step 4 wax jade articles
Waxing is a common process after polishing jade products. In fact, it is not the processing technology of jade materials, but the processing technology of jade articles. Waxing is also called waxing.
There are generally two ways to wax, one is to steam wax and the other is to boil wax. Wax steaming is to cut paraffin into powder in advance, steam jade on a steamer, then sprinkle stone powder on it, and the paraffin melts, so that the surface of jade is covered with paraffin. This method is limited to the surface; Wax boiling is to boil and melt the wax in a container, keep a certain temperature, put the jade into the sieve-shaped flat-bottomed jade, immerse it in the melted wax together with the container, fully soak the wax, then lift it up, quickly throw off the excess wax, and wipe off the wax attached to the surface with a towel or cloth. This waxing method can make wax penetrate into cracks or pores with good results.