The rapid development of the construction industry must be freed from the traditional and heavy manual operation and replaced by mechanized operation, such as tower crane, derrick gantry and other material lifting machinery, instead of people carrying shoulders. The higher the degree of mechanization, can the safety technical quality of our operators adapt? This is a very critical issue, and it has also become the object of world attention. According to relevant statistics, casualty accidents in the construction industry have ranked third in China, ranking second in the industry, second only to mines. How to control or reduce the occurrence of casualties is an important issue that we urgently need to solve. Through decades of practice and summary, the author thinks that one of the keys to control and reduce casualties and ensure safe construction is to strengthen safety education and training for people.
1, to improve the understanding of enterprise leaders at all levels. The management system of production safety in China is enterprise responsibility, national supervision, industry management, mass supervision, and employees obeying rules and disciplines. But we talk too much, do too little, and feel insecure. In particular, the legal representative of an enterprise must fully realize that "the legal representative of an enterprise is the first person responsible for the safety production of the enterprise" proposed by the state, and must realize that safety production is not only related to the reputation of the enterprise, but also to the safety of state property and the life safety of construction workers. Therefore, we must adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first" and achieve "safety must control production". Correctly handle the relationship between safety and production, safety and benefit, and safety and progress. When there is a contradiction between production, benefit, schedule and safety, the principle of "safety first" shall be adhered to.
2. The contents of safety education in construction enterprises include: ideological education of safety production, safety knowledge education and safety skills education. (1) ideological education of safety in production. The purpose of ideological education of safety production is to lay an ideological foundation for safety production. It is usually carried out from two aspects: strengthening ideological line, principles and policies and labor discipline education. Through the education of the ideological line, principles and policies of safety production, the policy level of leaders, management cadres and workers at all levels will be improved, so that they can conscientiously implement the principles, policies and laws of safety production. Labor discipline education is mainly to let the broad masses of workers understand the importance of strict implementation of labor discipline to achieve safe production. (2) Safety knowledge education. The main contents of safety knowledge education: basic safety knowledge of enterprises, such as general situation of production, construction technology, machinery and equipment, work at heights, scaffolding engineering, formwork engineering, temporary electricity utilization engineering, civilized construction, application of fire fighting equipment, etc. (3) Safety skill education. Safety skill education is the education of basic technical knowledge that must be possessed by combining the professional characteristics of this type of work to realize safe operation and safety protection. Make each employee familiar with the professional safety technical knowledge of this type of work and this position, including safety technology, labor hygiene and safety operation procedures.
3. Safety education and training can be carried out in many effective ways, such as establishing safety education rooms, holding multi-level safety training courses, holding safety knowledge lectures and reports, etc. Exhibit pictures and typical accident photos, show TV educational films, hold safety knowledge contests, and buy or print reference books, publications, posters and slogans related to safety technology and labor protection. In a word, safety education should avoid being boring and a mere formality, adopt various lively forms, and adhere to regularization and institutionalization. At the same time, we should pay attention to ideological, seriousness and timeliness.
4. Strengthen training and improve quality.
(1) Strengthen the training of managers and improve the quality of safety production management. Enterprises must regularly, regularly and in batches train leading cadres, engineering and technical personnel and production management personnel at all levels, carefully study the relevant laws, regulations and normative documents on safety production of construction projects, improve the quality of safety production management, and ensure that safety production can be managed, managed and managed well.
(2) Strengthen the pre-job training of construction personnel and improve their awareness of safety in production. Enterprises must carry out safety technology education for construction personnel, make them familiar with and abide by this type of work and various safety technology operating rules, and conduct regular safety technology assessment. Only those who pass the assessment can take up their posts. Personnel engaged in electrical, lifting, construction and installation, welding, automobile driving, blasting and other special types of work must undergo professional training and obtain certificates before they can take up their posts with certificates.
5, the construction unit pays special attention to the safety education and pre-shift education after workers enter the site. After the workers enter the site, the project manager must organize relevant personnel of the project department to conduct pre-job safety training for new workers, especially the education and training for migrant workers. Those who have not received education and training are never allowed to take up their posts. Education should be combined with the actual situation of the project, and resolutely put an end to "false, big, empty" and other terms; The pre-shift education of the construction unit should be combined with the actual progress of the project, according to the different stages of construction (foundation construction, main construction, decoration construction), combined with the construction content of the day, rainy days, summer construction, winter construction and other weather characteristics. At the same time of safety education, the technical director of the construction unit and the project manager should organize the directors and safety officers of each type of work to carry out partial safety technical disclosure, winter construction scheme safety technical disclosure, surrounding environment impact safety technical disclosure, etc. Workers are often organized to learn safety construction theory knowledge, safety construction operation rules, labor protection knowledge, fire protection knowledge, etc. , so as to improve the safety awareness of workers and enhance their self-prevention ability.
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