Wanxi White Goose 1, Origin and Distribution The central producing area of Wanxi White Goose is located in the hilly area of Wanxi and Gushi area of Henan, mainly distributed in Huoqiu, Shouxian, Lu 'an and other counties and cities in Wanxi. 2. Appearance characteristics: Wanxi White Goose is of medium build, with high posture and heroic temperament, with arched neck, deep and wide chest and wide and flat back. The feathers of the whole body are white, the sarcoma on the top of the head is orange, round, smooth and wrinkle-free, the beak is orange, the beak end is pale, the rainbow is gray-blue, the shin and webbed are orange, the claws are white, and about 6% of geese have pharyngeal pockets under their jaws. A few individuals have spherical feather bundles at the back of the head and neck, that is, the top hairs. Male goose sarcoma is large and prominent, with a thick and powerful neck, while female goose has a thin and short neck and a slightly drooping abdomen. The types of Wanxi White Goose are: more abdominal folds in pharyngeal pouch, less abdominal folds in pharyngeal pouch, no abdominal folds in pharyngeal pouch, no abdominal folds in pharyngeal pouch, etc. 3. Meat production performance: the adult male goose weighs 6.65438 0.2kg, and the female goose weighs 5.56kg. Slaughtering tests show that the half-clean-bore rate of male goose is 78%, and the full-clean-bore rate is 70%. The semi-clean bore of goose is 80%, and the full clean bore is 72%. Laying eggs: The age of laying hens is generally 6 months, and laying eggs is mostly concentrated in 1 and April. The breeding of white geese in western Anhui has strong seasonality and concentrated time. Generally, a goose lays two eggs a year, about 25 eggs a year, and about 3% ~ 4% of the geese can lay 30 ~ 50 eggs continuously. The masses call it a goose that keeps laying eggs. Average egg weight 142g, and the eggshell is white. Egg shape index 1.47. The goose has a strong nest. The mating ratio of male and female is 1: 4 ~ 5, and the fertilization rate of eggs is over 88%. Wool production: The down quality of Wanxi White Goose is good. A goose produces 349 grams of down, especially large pieces of down. Wanxi White Goose has been listed in the National Catalogue of Poultry Varieties, with delicious meat, excellent down quality, large down and high fluffy degree, ranking first in the world. Wanxi White Goose originated in Lu 'an, Anhui Province, and is an excellent medium-sized goose breed in China. It is an important export material and a pillar industry of rural economy in western Anhui. Wanxi White Goose has seven characteristics: 1. Its early growth and development is very fast. Under the condition of extensive feeding in rural areas, the weight of 30-day-old can reach more than 65438 0.5 kg, 60-day-old 3.0-3.5 kg and 90-day-old 4.5-5.5 kg. The average weight of adult male geese is 6.8kg, the largest male goose can reach 9.5kg, and the average weight of female geese is 5. 2. Strong foraging ability, rough feeding tolerance, mainly grass, and less material consumption. 3. Good meat quality, making "roasted goose" and "preserved goose", fresh and delicious, and unique scenery. 4. High cashmere yield, large fluff and good elasticity. 5. Goose skin can be tanned into fur, which is soft and fluffy and has good warmth retention. 6. High posture and loud voice. I. Management of brooding 1. Selection of goslings: the incubation period of healthy goslings is 30 days, the hatching weight is 80 ~ 100 g, the abdomen is soft, the navel is well contracted, the anus is clean, the yolk is fully absorbed, the goslings stand steadily, the action is lively, the call is strong, the coat color is bright and the eyes are bright. When the gosling is lifted by its neck, its feet can contract rapidly and struggle violently. 2. Preparation for brooding: Before brooding, prepare the brooding room and brooding equipment. The brooding room is warm, dry and clean, with sufficient light and good ventilation. 3 ~ 7 days before brooding, the brooding room and brooding utensils should be thoroughly disinfected. 3. Drinking water and feeding: 24 hours after hatchling, the goslings are fed with 300× 10-6 potassium permanganate water, 1 ~ 7-day-old goslings are fed six times a day, and 8 ~ 15-day-old goslings are fed eight times a day, first and then. The proportion of compound feed can be adapted to local conditions. 4. Heat preservation and moistureproof: goslings have poor ability to regulate body temperature, so the temperature of brooding must be adjusted. The brooding room should be dry and sanitary, and the padding should be dry and soft to prevent gosling diseases caused by humidity. Second, grazing technology 1. Goose release signal: From goslings, different language signals are sent out before feeding and grazing, which makes them form conditioned reflex and can command geese. Choose good geese when grazing, so that geese can move with the whole group. If the first goose doesn't listen to the command, it should be eliminated in time and another goose should be selected. 2. Choose a good grazing place: Young geese and adult geese should choose a grassland with lush grass, clean water nearby and smooth roads. 3. Reasonable grazing time: goslings will start grazing after 5 days old, and grazing should be carried out at 8 ~ 10 and 4 ~ 6 pm in mild weather without wind and rain. 4. Reasonable supplementary feeding: After the goslings come back from grazing, they should reasonably supplement concentrate according to their food intake. Yangzhou Goose Yangzhou Goose is known as the first new goose breed in China. This is a planned project issued by Jiangsu Science and Technology Commission during the Eighth Five-Year Plan and the Ninth Five-Year Plan. Yangzhou goose has the following characteristics: first, Yangzhou goose has the advantages of both male and female. Fast growth, good meat quality and high reproduction rate. Generally speaking, 70-day-old geese can reach 3.3 to 3.5 kilograms, which is 27.8% higher than Taihu geese. The second point is that the offspring have good meat quality, and the protein content of meat is higher than that of their parents 1%. Third, its egg production level is relatively high, with an annual egg production of 72-75 pieces and 62-64 goslings. It is also resistant to rough feeding and can eat any grass when grazing. First, the origin of Yangzhou Goose. China's goose breed resources are rich and diverse, and their adaptability and production performance are different. There are seed geese, Huo Yan Goose, which is famous for laying eggs in the northeast, Ili Goose, which adapts to the cold plateau climate in Xinjiang in the northwest, Lion Goose, which is fat along the coast of Zhanjiang, Guangdong in the south, Sichuan White Goose, which grows fast and lays many eggs in Chengdu and Chongqing in the west and southwest, Xupu Goose with good liver performance in Central China and Hunan, Taihu Goose with good meat quality and many eggs in Jiangsu, and Zhejiang Goose, which lays eggs all the year round in Anqing, Zhejiang. These local varieties not only have extensive natural ecological adaptability and strong resistance, but also contain huge genetic variation and selection potential. However, due to the long-term existence of China's goose industry in the form of rural sideline, mainly grazing, extensive feeding management and low production level, many varieties have not been scientifically and systematically selected, and the production performance within varieties varies greatly and lacks consistency. In addition, due to farmers' long-term scattered feeding, most goose breeds in China have strong nesting ability and low egg production, such as Lionhead Goose and Anhui Goose, which have strong nesting ability and only lay 25-35 eggs a year. Goose industry is a traditional characteristic industry in our city, which is rich in natural resources, has a solid technical foundation, has accumulated long-term practical experience and strong market demand, but lacks ideal fine varieties. In order to improve the efficiency of raising geese, increase farmers' income, meet market demand, and promote the development of animal husbandry and even the whole rural economy, Sichuan Longchang Goose (Sichuan White Goose) was introduced to our city on 1990 for development and utilization research. Under the auspices of Professor Zhao Wanli of Yang Da Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College 1996, Yang Da Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College and former Municipal Bureau of Multi-management (now Agricultural Bureau) began to use Longchang Goose with fast growth and many eggs but no nests, and Taihu Goose with good meat quality and many eggs and no nests to measure combining ability, select better combinations for backcross and backcross, and then select the best combination for generation breeding. So far, it has entered the sixth generation. At the same time, relevant basic research is carried out around Yangzhou goose breeding, exploring new breeding theories and methods, studying the early growth and development law of Yangzhou goose, studying the nutritional requirements and digestive mechanism of goose, studying the relationship between some hormone changes in gosling plasma and growth performance, studying the correlation between chromosome karyotype and banding analysis of Yangzhou goose and production performance, and studying the comprehensive prevention and control technology of goose disease. Yangzhou goose breeding was listed as a key project in the Eighth Five-Year Plan and the Ninth Five-Year Plan by the Provincial Science and Technology Commission. After more than ten years of painstaking research and efforts, a new local excellent goose species was bred, which was officially named Yangzhou Goose after being approved by the Provincial Poultry Variety Committee in August 2002. Second, the characteristics and development status of Yangzhou Goose 1, the characteristics of Yangzhou Goose. Yangzhou Goose is a new breed bred from domestic goose resources for the first time in China, and it is an ideal medium-sized goose breed. According to the National Poultry Production Performance Testing Station, Yangzhou Goose has moderate body shape, good uniformity and stable genetic performance. Meat goslings grow fast in the early stage, are resistant to roughage, have strong adaptability, delicious meat, high protein content in muscle, fine muscle fiber, rich intramuscular fat, low water content, high processing yield and good palatability; Under the condition of grazing and supplementary feeding, the average live weight of 70-day-old geese is 3.49 kg, and under the condition of house feeding, the average live weight of 70-day-old geese is 4.02 kg. The breeding geese have good reproductive performance, with an average of 765,438 0.39 eggs during the laying period, and the fertilization rate and hatching rate of breeding eggs are above 90%. The conclusion is that "the growth rate of Yangzhou geese has reached the advanced level at home and abroad, and the goose breeding has reached the advanced level in the world". 2. Development status. Yangzhou Goose has two breeding bases, namely Yangzhou Goose Breeding Center in Jiangsu Province and Yangzhou Goose Breeding Farm in Gaoyou City. There are 50,000 basic breeding groups, 5,000 core groups and 40 families. At the same time, some expansion farms have been established to expand the breeding population of 200 thousand geese. In addition, other excellent varieties are being introduced, paternal lines are cultivated, and special lines and hybrid lines are established. The experiment and popularization effect of Yangzhou goose in the breeding process is also very remarkable. So far, in addition to the promotion in this city, it has also been successfully promoted in Xuyi, Yancheng, Hongze, Wujin, Zhenjiang, Zhangjiagang, Dongtai, Xinghua, Shandong, Henan, Shanghai, Heilongjiang, Anhui and other more than ten provinces and cities. Qiao Song Town, Gaoyou City is one of Yangzhou goose breeding bases. In recent years, the town party committee and the town government have vigorously promoted Yangzhou Goose, and proposed that the goose industry should revitalize the town and raise more than 500,000 Yangzhou Goose every year. Last year, Tian Ge Goose Processing Factory was established with investment of 5 million yuan, and some factories directly signed Yangzhou Goose Breeding Agreement with farmers, which was purchased at protective price. Yangzhou Goose was introduced to gongyi city. After several years of experiments and popularization, they think that Yangzhou Goose has adapted to the natural ecological environment and relatively extensive feeding and management conditions in the vast area of Huanghuai River Basin, and the early growth rate of goslings and the egg production of breeding geese are higher than those of Sichuan White Goose. Introduced from Huishan, Shandong Province, breeding geese lay 77.6 eggs on average during the laying period. The fertilization rate of natural mating is 87.6 ~ 965438 0.2%, and the hatching rate is about 85%. They believe that Yangzhou Goose is indeed an excellent goose species, which is resistant to roughage, strong foraging ability, wide adaptability and strong disease resistance, suitable for grazing or captivity, and the broilers raised in the early stage grow and develop rapidly. Goose breeders have many advantages, such as laying more eggs, large eggs and good reproductive performance, which are very popular among breeders. Ten news media and professional magazines, such as Xinhua Daily, China Animal Husbandry and Fishery News, Science and Technology Daily, Yangzi Evening News, China Poultry and china national radio, have made special reports on Yangzhou Goose because of its high quality and high yield germplasm and obvious economic benefits, which have aroused great repercussions in society. At present, 24 provinces (cities) in China have requested to introduce aquaculture, and letters and calls are constantly coming, which has a great market demand. Third, speed up the development of Yangzhou Goose 1 and continue breeding to improve the production performance of Yangzhou Goose. (1) big family. The family coefficient has been expanded from the current 40 to 160, and the family coefficient of geese is 1200. (2) Introduce 2-3 provenances, establish male parent lines, establish 2-3 special lines, select the best combination through the determination of hybrid combining ability, and cultivate and establish hybrid matching lines. (3) Make records of family files, analyze and sort out data, and strive to pass the examination and approval of Yangzhou Goose by the National Poultry Variety Committee as soon as possible. 2. Run Jiangsu Yangzhou Goose Breeding Center well. Based on Yangzhou Goose Breeding Farm, make full use of Yangzhou's natural resources, varieties and market technical advantages, gradually establish and improve the breeding system of Yangzhou Goose, and undertake the conservation, breeding, seed production, propagation and demonstration of Yangzhou Goose. This year, the center will invest about 3 million yuan to complete the main infrastructure tasks of goose breeding farm, including 4 family goose houses, 4 experimental goose houses, 1 brooding room and 4 breeding rooms. Through several years' efforts, the goose farm will be built into Yangzhou Goose Demonstration Park. 3. Accelerate the promotion of Yangzhou Goose. Set up 1 ~ 2 Yangzhou goose breeding farms in every county (city) in the city, and set up 1 above goose breeding farms inside and outside the province at the same time, and each goose breeding farm raises 0.5 ~ 1 10,000 parents. In addition, a number of goose farms and specialized households will be established, and Yangzhou geese will account for more than 80% of commercial geese in the tenth five-year plan or even a little longer. 4. Actively promote Yangzhou goose feeding technology. Especially the techniques of planting grass to raise geese, incubating in autumn and raising in winter, intensive breeding of geese and disease prevention and control. It is necessary to strengthen training and do a good job in typical demonstrations, so that more breeding units and individuals can master the knowledge and production skills of goose raising, arouse their enthusiasm and improve the efficiency of goose raising. 5. Vigorously promote the industrialized operation and pollution-free breeding of Yangzhou geese. Pay attention to cultivating leading processing enterprises and specialized wholesale markets in the goose industry, develop various cooperative economic organizations or associations in rural areas, train farmers' brokers, organically combine breeding and processing, production and market, actively create conditions to form a joint fleet-Yangzhou Goose Industry Group, and further improve the degree of organization and socialization of Yangzhou Goose Industry. At the same time, establish a pollution-free breeding base for raising more than 500 thousand Yangzhou geese in 10. One base is Yangzhou Goose Garden, which integrates goose breeding, healthy incubation, commercial goose breeding, feed production (including green feed) and commercial goose processing and sales. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the base environment, including soil, water source and atmosphere. Monitoring the inputs such as seedlings, feed, drugs for disease prevention and treatment, and breeding in accordance with the Technical Specification for Yangzhou Goose Breeding, so as to further improve the quality and safety of Yangzhou Goose products, enhance market competitiveness, expand market coverage and promote the development of Yangzhou Goose.