1. Summary of three compulsory knowledge points in the first volume of Senior Two Chinese.
1, fifteen cities invited by the king of Qin is my favorite, but can it? ("No" means "No", indicating a skeptical tone) 2. Take the book to court. ("court" means "court", court)
3. Call for a plan. ("case", through "press", review and inspection)
4. Qin has never had firm and clear constraints since Miao Gong. ("Miao" means "mu")
5. Only the king and the princes have discussed it. ("Who" knows "cooked" carefully)
6. No matter what it means, the owner of a bank is behind his back ("bank" means "rebellion" and betrayal).
7. Wu Lie chewed the snow, swallowed it with his hair, and did not die for several days. ("Zhu" means "felt", a kind of wool carpet)
8. Dig wild rats to eat grass. ("go" to "die", collect)
9, empty from the land of suffering and death. ("death" means "nothing", nothing)
10, what does Xin Yi 'an see? ("Seeing" means "being present", indicating)
1 1, the law is dead ("death" means "nothing", nothing)
12, dozens of ministers died and perished ("death" means "nothing", nothing)
13, merits of the death of Wu and his son ("death" means "nothing", nothing)
14, I cried to death, so I decided to go with Wu. ("touch" means "touch", it's wet. "Clothes" and "gold" are interlinked with skirts. Say goodbye to "affirmation" and "tactics". )
15, please finish it today before you die. ("Le" means "Huan", get together)
16, the former comes down and things are old. ("with" through "already", already)
17, Yin Zhi * Party name and surname, temporarily closed for birds. ("Bird" Capture, Arrest and Detention)
18. It is made of copper and has a diameter of eight feet. It is covered with a bulge, shaped like a wine statue, and decorated with the shapes of turtles, birds and beasts in seal script. ("member" means "circle", diameter; "Zun" means "Zun" (glass)
2. Summary of three compulsory knowledge points in the first volume of Chinese in senior two.
Classical Chinese function words 1, with
Cause and effect: Because
I am troubled by danger.
So we can't waste it.
I have no master to support.
But with Liu's dying.
Conjunction, "no", can't
I don't have a grandmother, I don't have today.
Connect, purpose: come
I want to pay tribute to my watch.
Verbs, using
I have a gift for expressing my feelings.
Fu Wei Sheng Chao ruled the world with filial piety.
Preposition, indicating dependence: relying on, pressing
Be contemptuous.
2. See "I"
The loving father saw his back.
3. What happened ... What happened? ...
Learn from what you have learned.
I can't report to you
Have hope
4, both ... finally ...: again ... again.
No uncle, no brother.
5.and: conjunction, in addition
Besides, I'm a junior official, a junior official.
Classical Chinese sentence patterns
A verdict.
I'm in a dilemma. It's a mess.
So we can't waste it.
I have four in forty this year, and my grandmother Liu has six in ninety this year;
(B) prepositional object sentence
So we can't waste it.
(C) attributive post-sentence
(D) Postposition sentence of prepositional structure
With branch lines and yards
elliptical sentence
Never leave (grandma)
Tell (your majesty) not to.
Seize (me) in the sacred dynasty and bathe (in) Tsinghua.
(6) Passive sentences
And Liu Suying's disease
The loving father saw his back.
Bath cleaning
Seek the support of the state
You Meng pity education
(7) Fixed sentence patterns
Translation of Classical Chinese Sentences and Difficult Sentences
1, Sheng Chao, Fu Wei, governs the world with filial piety. Where you are old, where you are educated; Kuang Chen is lonely, especially.
I feel that the holy dynasty ruled the world with filial piety, and all the old people are still pitifully raised, not to mention my sense of loneliness is more serious.
2, mother and child, more life, can not be wasted.
Our grandparents and grandchildren depend on each other and take care of each other. It is precisely because of these that I really can't bear to leave my grandmother for a long trip.
3. It is the day when the minister is in your majesty, and the day when Liu reported it is short.
I still have a long way to go before your majesty, but I don't have much time to be loyal and filial to my grandmother Liu.
Today, I lost my country and prisoners, even humble people. If you've been promoted and pampered, what hope do you have for surviving?
Now I am a humble prisoner of national subjugation. I am too humble to mention. Thanks to my promotion and generous life, how dare I hesitate to have other plans?
China's classical common sense
This article is selected from Selected Works edited by Tong in Southern Dynasties. Shi Mi, whose name is Ling Bo, was a devout man in the Western Jin Dynasty. After the death of Shu Han, he married his grandmother and his dead mother without any support. However, the love story above is the symbol of Prince XX of the Jin Dynasty.
Cultural common sense
1, table, a kind of ancient memorial service, is often used by ministers to thank you.
2, outside, refers to their loved ones outside the room, the distance between relatives, in ancient times used to formulate the weight of mourning. In the meantime, wear anniversary clothes. Gong, a relative of Gong Fu (nine months) and Xiao Gong Fu (five months). Are close relatives.
3, five feet, five feet in the Han Dynasty, equivalent to more than three feet now.
4. the satrap is the chief of the county.
Filial piety is a theme of recommending talents since the Han Dynasty, which refers to people who are filial to their parents and have good conduct. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to order counties to carry out filial piety once a year, but this system was still reserved in the Jin Dynasty, but the way and place were different.
6, the secretariat, is the chief executive of the state, here refers to Yizhou secretariat.
7. Scholar, originally a discipline of selecting talents since the Han Dynasty, refers to outstanding talents in this paper, which is different from the meaning of "scholar" in the imperial examination.
8, card shark, a subordinate official of Shangshu Province.
9, XX, that is, Prince Tai Gong took photos to pay homage to the sages and teachers. The prince traveled as a pioneer.
10, squat down and think. The lower level of the story shows respect for the upper level, which is often used in writing and letters.
1 1, Shu Lang: Langguan Yamen.
12, animal husbandry, ancient chief of the mainland. Bo, Chang
3. Summary of three compulsory knowledge points in the first volume of Senior Two Chinese.
1. Facts speak louder than words: the truth of the matter is more convincing than strong arguments.
2, can endure, which can't endure:
Yes: this one. Who: What? If this can be tolerated, then what can't? This means that this is intolerable.
3. Hands are weak:
Tie: XX. Even XX has no strength as a chicken. Often used to describe a weak scholar.
4. The tree is falling apart:
Metaphor when the strong fall, followers will split.
5, the tree is towering, and the fallen leaves return to the roots:
No matter how tall the tree grows, the fallen leaves will still return to the roots. No matter how long you leave your hometown, you will eventually return to your hometown.
6, the tree wants to be quiet but the wind does not stop:
The tree should be still, but the wind will not stop. Now it is often used to describe the development of objective things, regardless of people's subjective wishes.
7, fire and water are incompatible:
Capacity: accommodate. It is a metaphor that the two sides are fundamentally opposed and incompatible.
8. Those who follow me will succeed, and those who oppose me will die;
Shun: Yishun. Inverse: disobedience, disobedience. Those who obey me can prosper, and those who don't obey me will die.
9, Shunchang, inverse death:
Those who obey him will prosper, and those who do not obey him will perish. Describe the irresistible development trend, but also describe the powerful figures who bully others.
10, the heart of Si Mazhao, everyone knows:
Passerby: People who walk, ordinary people. The plot and ambition are so obvious that everyone can see them.
1 1, lost in the east corner, harvesting Sang Yu:
East corner: refers to the source of the sun. Sang Yu: As the sun sets, the afterglow is between Sang Yu. It is used to refer to a sunset. A metaphor for failing in one aspect at first or temporarily, but finally being compensated.
12, nine Niu Yi hairs, thousands of miles away:
Small mistakes and misunderstandings lead to big mistakes.
13, seen by ten eyes, pointed by ten fingers:
Describe a person's words and deeds, always subject to public supervision, can not but be cautious.
14, ten years of trees, a hundred years of people:
It takes three generations to make a gentleman. Describing cultivating talents as a long-term solution means that it is not easy to cultivate talents.
15, 108000 Li:
Describe a great distance or difference.
16, times make heroes:
It refers to the intensification of social contradictions and the turmoil of the times, which can provide people with opportunities to display their talents and create heroes.
17, who knows that the era is Jie Jun:
Current affairs: worldly things, the situation at that time or the trend of the times. Jie Jun: An outstanding figure. People who can clearly understand the situation at that time and understand the law of development of things are outstanding people. It means that when choosing the future, we should recognize the trend and present situation of the times.
18, tasteless to eat, but a pity to abandon:
It tastes tasteless, but it's a pity to throw it away. Metaphor things go on, there is no effect, let go, but reluctant. Or describe a dilemma, indecision.
19, a gentleman can be killed but not humiliated:
I would rather die than surrender. Used to describe the integrity of a scholar-bureaucrat who would rather die than surrender.
20, nothing is difficult in the world, nothing is impossible to a willing heart:
Nothing is difficult in the world as long as you have the determination.
2 1, God never shuts one door but he opens another:
God will not cut off people's lives. It means that no matter how hard it is, there will always be no way out.
22, crows are generally black:
General: the same. Metaphor means that no matter where the bad guys and bad things are similar, there is the same darkness everywhere.
23, the weather is unpredictable:
The weather changes are unpredictable. Metaphor means that people often encounter unexpected disasters or things.
24, corresponding to the same period, gas phase:
The same sounds can echo each other and the same smells can blend with each other. For example, like-minded people will get together or chat with others.
25, stealing chickens to eat rice:
Erosion: loss. Self-defeating.
26, changed from its original:
Its: his. Zong: aims and purposes. Although there are various forms, their essence or purpose remains unchanged.
27, everything is ready, only owe the east wind:
It is said that Zhou Yu planned to attack Cao Cao with fire and made all preparations, but because the east wind didn't blow, he couldn't catch fire. Later, because of metaphor, everything was ready, except for the last important condition.
4. Summary of three compulsory knowledge points in the first volume of Senior Two Chinese.
1. Letters General letters (including invitations) include five parts: (1) salutations. The first line of stationery is written in the top box, followed by a colon. (2) the text. The second line is written in two blanks. Turn to the top. There may be several paragraphs. (3) the end. After the text is finished, if there are many spaces in the last line of the text, you can continue to write the words "from here" and "wish", otherwise, write the words "from here" and "wish" in two or four spaces in another line. Then write a line of greetings such as "salute" and "progress" on it. (4) signature. It is usually written in the second half of the eulogy. (5) date. Write it on the line below the signature, and write the year, month and date on the right.
In addition to the characteristics of the letter, the invitation should also indicate the specific time and place to attend. Use polite language.
In addition, pay attention to the writing of the envelope. Write down the postal code and detailed address of the recipient. The recipient's name and address are in the middle. The address is the address given by the postman to the recipient, and it is not appropriate to write "parents" or "sister". The detailed address and zip code of the sender should be clearly written. If it is a registered letter, the sender's name should be clearly written.
pay attention to
The writing of the notice is: write the name of the notice in the middle of the first line, for example, "Notice of Writing for Papers" is in the second line, and the content of the notice is written in two spaces. Write down two lines of signature and date in the lower right corner at the end. Some contents of the notice should be very specific, such as address, time and contact information. Some contents should not be written in detail, such as the details of lost property in "Lost and Found" to prevent fraudulent use.
notification
The general format of a notice is: write the word "notice" in the middle of the first line. At the top of the second line, write down the name of the notified party with a colon (if the notified object has been clearly defined in the text, the name of the notified party can be omitted). Write the text in two spaces on the next line. If there is a lot of content in the text, you can write it in lines so that readers can grasp the main points of the content. The signature and date are written on the lower right of the text in two lines.
4. News
5. Broadcast draft
The format of the broadcast draft is no different from that of the general newspaper draft. However, we should pay attention to the effect of listening, and the language should be popular and colloquial (written language should be changed to spoken language, and classical Chinese should be changed to vernacular) to avoid misunderstanding due to different sounds and words, and not to misunderstand because punctuation marks can't be pronounced, for example, "I hope every student in primary school will have a survey of parents' donations to help students." "Reading is easy to make people have different understandings.
6. Application
The purpose of writing an application is to get approval by putting forward some clear and specific requirements to the superior or the relevant competent department and stating the reasons. The general format of the application is: (1) The title includes the reason and the name of the document, such as "Application for Membership". (2) The text includes the reasons for the application (including the basic information of the applicant), matters, reasons and requirements. (3) Finally, the applicant and date shall be indicated. When writing an application, the matters should be clear, the attitude should be positive, the words should be sincere and the reasons should be sufficient.
Step 7 explain
The description requires that the introduction of the object is comprehensive and concentrated. It should be objective, accurate, concise and popular, and should not be misleading because of the pursuit of colorful and vivid words.
Practical writing serves specific needs and is restricted by clear writing purposes, special reading objects and certain use occasions. Therefore, writing should pay attention to appropriateness: it should not only accurately express the meaning, but also adapt to the other person's psychological feelings, specific interpersonal relationships, environmental conditions and other conditions for transmitting information. Words and sentences should be both "clear" and "elegant". Therefore, we should learn to use some idioms correctly and use a few words in classical Chinese.
note:
Compared with general narrative, expository and argumentative essays, practical essays are more closely related to life and society, and their format and writing habits are more disciplined. No matter what kind of practical writing is used, it should be written in accordance with their respective norms and established formats, and can not be fabricated at will.
5. Summary of three compulsory knowledge points in the first volume of Senior Two Chinese.
China's Tang poems are colorful, and there are many famous poems and sentences, which have deeply influenced our national language. There are many idioms, that is, famous poems, which have been passed down through the ages; Some retain the original poems, some develop a sense of backwardness, and some change their feelings and scope of application ... The following are idioms of Tang poetry.
1. From Lu Lun's "Give Peng Zulou to Yang Xuzhou Pastoral": "Four households and eight windows are bright and exquisite." Originally refers to the spacious windows; Later, it was used to describe people's wit and comprehensive skills.
2. Shen Quanqi's "Poems on Weibin on the Last Day": "Weibin BMW has a bright car and a green heart." Refers to a good horse and beautiful car, and describes the beauty of horses and chariots.
3. Speaking of Du Fu's "Sending Twenty-three Servants to Hanzhong": "The ice and snow are exquisite and the thunder is fine." Describe people as extremely intelligent.
4. Speaking of Yuan Zhen's "Leaving Thoughts": "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever." Metaphor people have seen the world and have a high vision.
5. From Cui Hao's "Old People's Sorrow by the River": "The two dynasties returned, and the five generations rode bamboo wheels together." It means that out is ambition and in is phase; Refers to a person who is both civil and military.
6. Speaking of Bai Juyi's "Born in Late Spring": "When the first sleep is lonely, the spring scenery fades and the sun shadow is oblique." It means that the great spring is coming to an end.
7. Li Bai climbed Mount Tianmu in his dream: "Ah, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials who will never be shown with sincere faces!" Bow to the strong, please please please please yourself with a smile; Describe the appearance of servility.
8. Speaking of Meng Jiao's "Wandering Sons": "But there is a little affection for an inch of grass, and I get three chunhui." This is a metaphor of a loving mother's kindness to her children.
9. Du Fu's drunken song: "The origin of the word goes back to the Three Gorges, and the brush array sweeps a thousand troops alone." The description article was magnificent and unparalleled at that time.
10. From Du Fu's Mourning for the Head: "Where are those perfect eyes and that pearl-like tooth?" ? A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go. " Describe a woman with bright eyes, white teeth and beautiful appearance.
1 1. Zhang Hu's "Cailingtai" cloud: "But I don't like pink, I just sweep my eyebrows." Describe a woman's elegant makeup.
12. Du Mu's "Farewell" said: "The flowers are more than thirteen, and the cardamom is in early February." Because it is used to refer to a girl of thirteen or fourteen.
13. Speaking of Li Bai's cursive music: "Always seeing dragons and snakes, the left side is shocked." It means that as long as you brush your pen, you will show the expression of dragon and snake dancing together; The latter refers to the vigorous and vivid cursive brushwork.
14. Speaking of Du Fu's Alas: "The clouds in the sky are like white clothes, you should become like a pale dog." It means that the white clouds in the sky are like white clothes and suddenly become like black dogs. After metaphor things change.
15. Li Shangyin's Chang 'e: "Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir, the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the night is bright." Originally refers to the blue sea and blue sky; Later used to describe a woman's loyalty to love.
16. Du Fu's Dan Qing Yin: "Then, General, tell you to start your work. You concentrate all your existence on a piece of silk." It was originally a painstaking idea before painting; Later, it was described as painstakingly planning and engaging in something or a career.