After the opening of the new air route, food species spread all over the world, which increased the global food production and led to a surge in the world population. The communication of food types has changed people's eating habits, changed the local food structure, enriched people's food types and profoundly affected people's daily life. The exchange of different species has promoted the development of local economy and trade. The introduction of new species also has a certain impact on the local ecological environment. The exchange of species was actually carried out in the colonial plunder accompanied by the new route.
The new sea route refers to the sea route opened by western European countries to India, America and other parts of the world at the turn of 15 to 16 century.