Paper Keywords: new curriculum high school chemistry model
The purpose of implementing new curriculum and developing research-based learning is to let students experience the process of scientific research, stimulate their interest in learning chemistry, strengthen their awareness of scientific inquiry, promote the change of learning methods, and cultivate their innovative spirit and practical ability. Let's talk about some practices of inquiry experiment in the concrete implementation of chemistry classroom teaching mode in senior high school.
Chemistry is a subject based on experiments. Through classroom inquiry experiments or students' inquiry experiments, students can gain vivid perceptual knowledge, so as to better understand and consolidate chemical knowledge, form chemical concepts, and promote the improvement of observation, analysis and problem-solving ability. The new curriculum standard provides a diversified platform for each student's growth and development, because it not only pays attention to the results of learning, but also pays attention to the cultivation of scientific inquiry ability and scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts. Successful chemistry classroom teaching is not only an important means for students to acquire knowledge, but also an effective way to cultivate students' innovative ability.
First of all, update the educational concept ideologically.
Teachers are the key to promote the new curriculum reform. In order to ensure the implementation of the new curriculum, teachers should first change the concept of education and teaching. The traditional view of education regards the students' mind as a container of knowledge and the development of students' personality as a statue that needs carving. It is believed that education is successful as long as students with high scores can be cultivated. However, the quality of students trained in this way is often not high and can not meet the development requirements of modern society. The new curriculum standard of chemistry requires teachers to constantly renew their ideas and change their roles in the teaching process. First of all, teachers should highlight students' dominant position in the teaching process, and take improving students' ability, students' ideological morality, scientific attitude and innovative spirit as the core and destination of education. Therefore, teachers should establish a dynamic and equal dialogue relationship with students on the basis of mutual respect. In the process of this dialogue, teachers are no longer just the transmitters of knowledge, but as participants, collaborators and instructors to inspire students to think and guide students to explore, so that students can fully develop their emotions, attitudes and values while gaining basic knowledge and skills in chemistry. Secondly, teachers should fully participate in the research and development of new curriculum. Teachers, as builders and designers of new classrooms under the new curriculum conditions, fully understand the concept of new curriculum, combine the characteristics of chemistry subject and students' actual situation, make appropriate selection, addition and deletion of new curriculum teaching materials, highlight core knowledge, optimize teaching content, and make targeted classroom teaching design with their own wisdom, so that every link and fragment of teaching are full of vitality and students can break through the shackles of knowledge system to the maximum extent. By acquiring effective and vital knowledge, students' personality is respected and publicized, and their emotional attitudes and values are fully developed, thus realizing the transformation of teachers from "teaching textbooks" to "teaching with textbooks" and from "static textbook teaching" to "dynamic knowledge teaching".
Second, stimulate students' interest in learning through chemical experiments.
In the experiment of sodium hydroxide dissolving in water, students need to touch it to feel it, which brings great limitations to students' observation of the phenomenon. The author guides students to improve in chemistry class. When demonstrating, first boil the water in the test tube, then remove the flame, and the water immediately stops boiling. Quickly add two small pieces of NaOH solid, and the water boils again. A small improvement can not only make the whole class observe obvious phenomena, but also make him realize how wonderful and necessary innovation is and enhance their innovation consciousness.
It should be noted that the starting point should be the "zone of recent development" of students, and the thinking ladder should be reasonable. Students can answer through hard work and discussion, and the design should not be too difficult and span too much, so that students can fully feel the pleasure and sense of accomplishment in solving new problems, cultivate students' self-confidence, stimulate students' preferences and turn them into lasting motivation. At the same time, the teaching goal is high-level. The setting of exploratory experiment enables students to give full play to their imagination through design, discussion and experiment, creatively use existing knowledge and cultivate their innovative ability by combining practice. At the same time, one of the purposes of middle school education is to train qualified reserve workers for the society. Chemistry education in middle schools will inspire the research of environmental science. We should make good use of this practical subject and let students master certain classroom environmental protection knowledge through experiments. Because micro-experiments are safe and economical, teachers can safely let students do experiments in groups of one. Doing experiments by yourself can help students to carry out inquiry learning, cultivate their observation and experimental ability and stimulate their interest in learning chemistry. At the same time, in-class experiments, small family experiments and extracurricular activities experiments were carried out. Before the experiment, the teacher introduced the basic operation of conventional chemical experiment, focusing on the use and usage of micro-chemical instruments with porous orifice plate, well plug and multi-purpose dropper as the core. When carrying out classroom inquiry experiments, we should pay special attention to safety issues, solve water supply, washing, waste liquid recovery and other matters in general teaching, and pay attention to classroom ventilation.
Third, attach importance to experimental teaching.
Chemistry is a natural science based on experiments. Experimental teaching is an important link to cultivate students' interest in learning and improve their ability. The new curriculum standard of chemistry emphasizes that "chemical experiment is the main way of scientific inquiry, and its function is irreplaceable by other teaching methods". To do a good job in experimental teaching, we should be student-oriented and establish the educational concept of imparting knowledge, cultivating ability, improving quality and coordinating development. The middle school chemistry curriculum must help students master the basic knowledge and skills of chemical experiments, experience the process of experimental exploration through chemical experiments, understand substances and their changes, and appreciate the value of chemical experiments. Teachers can teach students some basic experimental research methods in combination with specific experiments, and then let them take the initiative to find information, find out the experimental principle, and choose appropriate experimental instruments, materials and experimental methods. So as to deepen the understanding of the whole process, improve the efficiency of the experiment, and cultivate their own interests and specialties. For example, before dialysis experiment, students can find the material of semi-permeable membrane by themselves. Students will think of eggs, swim bladder and so on. , so you might as well test one by one. This not only cultivates students' practical ability, but also enables students to gain a sense of accomplishment to a certain extent. However, influenced by many factors, the chemical experiment teaching in middle schools in China is still the weakest link, which seriously restricts the role of experiments in cultivating students' creativity. This requires teachers to improve their experiments and make full use of things around them to do chemical experiments. For example, ink bottles can be converted into alcohol lamps, colorless glass cups for drinking water can replace beakers, the upper part of mineral water bottles can be made into funnels, infusion tubes can replace catheters, disposable syringes can be used as measuring cylinders, and eye drops can be used as droppers. Teachers can make full use of things around them to do experiments, which can cultivate students' innovative consciousness, stimulate students' interest in learning chemistry and cultivate students' scientific literacy.
In short, in the face of the new curriculum reform, teachers should keep up with the pace of the times, constantly learn new educational concepts, actively explore, reflect and summarize better ways to implement the new curriculum reform, promote their own professional development and improve students' scientific literacy.
refer to
Zhai Yuanjie. Teaching practice and exploration [M]. Tianjin Education Press, June 2009.
[2] hairy root hair. Reflections on the Inquiry Experiment Teaching of Chemistry in Senior High School under the Background of New Curriculum [J]. Journal of Ningbo Institute of Education, April 2009.
[3] Qi Weibin. On the Cultivation of Chemical Thought in Senior High School Chemistry Teaching [J]. Education and Teaching Forum, 20 10.02.
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