Ji Xianlin 19 1 1 was born in Kangzhuang Town, Qingping County, Shandong Province. His grandfather Ji Laotai, his father Ji Silian and his mother Zhao are all farmers. Uncle Ji Sicheng. When I was young, I studied reading with Ma Gong Jing. At the age of 6, Ji Xianlin went to Jinan to join his uncle Ji Sicheng and went to a private school to study. A year later, he went to Jinan No.1 Normal School, attended the primary school attached to Jinan, and was transferred to Xinyu Primary School to be a senior one. /kloc-began to learn English at the age of 0/0. 1926 graduated from Zhengyi Middle School and was admitted to the High School Attached to Shandong University. He began to learn German in high school and became interested in foreign literature. 1929 Entered Jinan Senior High School in Shandong Province. The Chinese teacher is a friend of Dong and Lu Xun. He is also a famous translator who knows many languages, including Yugoslav, Hindi, Arabic, English, German, French, Russian, Sanskrit, Archery, Slavic and Pali. [ 1]
"I have been dancing and writing for 50 or 60 years, and I still can't put it down. Thanks to Teacher Dong, I will never forget it." -Ji Xianlin
About Ji Xianlin's birthday, here is a little explanation by the way. For decades, everyone knows that Ji Xianlin's birthday is August 6th. On this day, his relatives and friends, junior students, leaders at all levels and even foreign ambassadors will celebrate his birthday, which has become a routine. But in August of 20001year, leaders of Liaocheng and Linqing invited him back to his hometown to celebrate his 90th birthday. After the birthday party, when he was writing a trip to his hometown, he wrote a paragraph: "August 6-by the way, let me explain one thing here: my birthday was changed from the old calendar to the Gregorian calendar on August 2. Due to an accidental clerical error, it was changed to six days, which made me live four days less-it was my birthday. " This incident is an anecdote in Ji Xianlin's life. But for so many years, he ignored the mistake of his birth date and didn't say a word when he made a mistake, which is also quite intriguing.
65438-0930, Ji Xianlin was admitted to the Department of Western Literature in Tsinghua University, majoring in German. Freshman and Ye Gongchao study English together. Attended Professor Chen's Buddhist scripture translation literature, selected Zhu Guangqian's Psychology of Literature and Art, Wu Mi's Comparison of Chinese and Western Poetry and English Romantic Poet, and attended Zhu Ziqing's, Yu Pingbo's and (Bing Xin's) Zheng Zhenduo's classes. Make friends with classmates Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng and Li Changzhi. They are called "Four Guests". Among the students is Hu Qiaomu. I like "pure poetry", such as Villeland and Malarme. Parallel Prose of Six Dynasties in Li Yishan and Jiang Baishi. He translated the works of Dreiser and Turgenev. During my college years, I won a scholarship awarded by the government of Qingping County in my hometown with excellent results. [ 1]
1936 Spring, Ji Xianlin chose Sanskrit. He believes that "Indian culture is greatly influenced by Indian culture, so I will study the cultural relationship between China and China and maybe find something". So, "I can't read Sanskrit." "I finally found the way to go in my life. I have been walking along this road for more than half a century, and I will go on until now. " "Fate has strengthened my faith." Ji Xianlin majored in Indian Studies and studied Sanskrit and Pali at the Institute of Sanskrit at the University of Aden. English linguistics and Slavic linguistics are selected as affiliated departments, and Yugoslav language is added. Ji Xianlin studied under Professor Waldschmitt, the host of Sanskrit lecture and a famous Sanskrit scholar, and became his only audience. There are more than 40 classes a semester, and Ji Xianlin studies very hard. The Buddhist scripture Memorabilia has three thick volumes and is written in mixed Sanskrit. He raced against time to concentrate on reading and writing. Turn on the light and continue to be poor forever. From 1940 and 65438+February to19465438+February, Ji Xianlin got four "excellent" in thesis defense and Indian studies, Slavic language and English exams, and obtained a doctorate. Because of the war, there is no way to return to China, so I have to stay at Columbia University. From June to 10, 5438, he taught at the Institute of Sinology, University of G? ttingen, and continued to study the Sanskrit of Buddhism, and published many important papers in the Journal of G? ttingen Academy of Sciences. "This is the golden age of my academic career, and I haven't seen it since. The postdoctoral years were just before the collapse of fascism. Germany was short of material resources, and Ji Xianlin, as a foreigner, was inevitably struggling in a hungry hell, suffering from the scourge of war like the German people. As an overseas traveler, I have deep feelings for my hometown, especially when there is poverty in the corner of the world, there is only endless acacia, and I miss my motherland and my family. " I looked at the gray sky, and in tears, I remembered my mother's face. "194 1 year, received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of G? ttingen. Later, he studied Northeast China under the guidance of linguist E.Sike..
1945 10. Shortly after the end of World War II, I wrapped myself up and returned to Switzerland. "It's like a spring dream, and it flew over in ten years." Thirty-five years after leaving G? ttingen, 1980, Ji Xianlin led a social science delegation from China to visit the city again, and then called on 83-year-old Waldschmitten, as if it were a lifetime ago. Later, he made a touching masterpiece "Returning to Gottingen".
1May, 946, he went to Shanghai, went to Nanjing, met again, and met the essayist Liang Shiqiu and the poet through Li's introduction. In Nanjing, he visited Tsinghua's mentor Chen Yinke. Chen recommended him to teach in Peking University, and then he visited Peking University, the acting principal in Nanjing. In autumn, I returned to Peiping and called on Tang Yongtong, Dean of Peking University College of Literature.
1946- 1983 was hired by Peking University as the professor and head of the department of oriental languages and literature, and founded the department in Peking University. Colleagues include Arabic linguist Ma Jian and Indian scientist Jin Kemu. After liberation, he continued to be a professor and head of the Department of Oriental Studies in Peking University, engaged in departmental affairs, scientific research and translation.
1956 Member, Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, China Academy of Sciences. 1954, 1959 and 1964 were elected as members of the second, third and fourth CPPCC. As China's cultural envoy, he visited India, Myanmar, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries. During the Cultural Revolution, he was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four and its Beijing minions. From 1973, I began to secretly translate Ramayana, and by 1977, this masterpiece was basically translated.
From 65438 to 0978, he continued to be the director of the Department of Oriental Languages in Peking University, and was appointed as the vice president of Peking University and the director of South Asian Institute in Peking University. Elected as a member of the Fifth China People's Political Consultative Conference. His works have been compiled into the Collected Works of Ji Xianlin, with a total of 24 volumes.
1983 was elected as a member of the 6th the NPC Standing Committee. 1988, chairman of China Institute of Culture. He has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand as a scholar. In 2006, he won the honorary title of "2006 Touching China Person of the Year". In 2008, together with the famous American director Steven Allan Spielberg, he was hired as a cultural and artistic consultant for the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games. [ 1]
At 8: 50 on July 2009 1 1, Ji Xianlin died of a sudden heart attack in Beijing 30 1 Hospital.
Ji Xianlin's academic research, in his own words, is "Brahma, Buddhism, earth fire and Tam simultaneously, and China literature, comparative literature and literary theory are studied in Qi Fei". According to Professor Zhang Guanglin and Mr. Ke Ling from the Department of Oriental Studies in Peking University, Ji Xianlin's academic achievements generally include the following 10 aspects:
1. Research on Ancient Indian: Doctoral theses such as The Change of Finite Verbs in Major Events, The Conversion of Chinese and Indian Suffixes -am to -o and -u, and Using Infinite Past as the Standard for Determining the Time and Source of Buddhist Scriptures made pioneering contributions in this research field at that time.
2. Research on the history of Buddhism: He is one of the few Buddhist teaching scholars at home and abroad who can really study the original Buddhist scriptures. He combined the study of the law of language changes in India in the Middle Ages with the study of Buddhist history to find out the emergence, evolution and spread of major Buddhist classics, thus determining the emergence and spread of important Buddhist factions.
3. Research on Bow-tone Language: The early masterpiece "Translation of the Bow-tone Book of Prince Fu Li's Causality" initiated a successful method for the semantic research of Bow-tone Language. From 1948 to 1980, the newly discovered bow sound in Turpan, Xinjiang was discovered.
4. Research on the history of Sino-Indian cultural exchange: A preliminary study of China's paper and papermaking introduced into India, China's silk introduced into India, and the statement that some components of The Journey to the West originated from India show that Chinese and Indian cultures "learn from each other, have their own innovations, influence each other and penetrate each other".
5. Research on the history of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries: In 1980s, the editor-in-chief of A Collation of the Western Regions of Datang and Modern Translation of the Western Regions of Datang wrote a Collation Preface of 65,438+ten thousand words, which was an important achievement in the study of the history of the western regions in China for decades, while Sugar History completed by 1996 showed ancient China, India, Persia and Arabia.
6. Introduction to Indian literary works and Indian literary studies: Ramayana is one of the two great epics in ancient India, with more than 20,000 poems and more than 90,000 lines translated into Chinese. It took Ji Xianlin 65,438+00 years to finally complete the translation, which is unprecedented in the translation history of China.
7. Comparative Literature Research: In the early 1980s, he first advocated the restoration of comparative literature research and called for the establishment of China School of Comparative Literature, which made great contributions to the revival of comparative literature in China.
8. Oriental Culture Research: Since the late 1980s, I have vigorously advocated the study of oriental culture, and edited a large-scale cultural series, The Fusion of Oriental Cultures, with more than 500,800 volumes, which is expected to be completed in 15 years.
9. Preservation and rescue of ancient books and records in China: In the 1990s, he served as the editor-in-chief of two great series of books, The Collection of Sikuquanshu and The Collection handed down from generation to generation.
10, Prose Creation: I began to write prose at the age of 17, and it has been several decades, with more than 800,000 words. When Zhong Jingwen celebrated Ji Xianlin's 88th birthday, he said, "The highest realm of literature is simplicity, and Mr. Ji's works have reached this realm. He is simply because he is sincere. " "As the old saying goes, I love my husband's good writing."