-on the essence of moral education and others from the perspective of "university"

Traditional education in China is a kind of intellectual education, moral education and aesthetic education, and it is also a kind of "cultural education". Its primary task is to teach people how to cultivate themselves, and its ultimate goal is to be "virtuous" in order to achieve "perfection". This is a consistent humanistic education thought for thousands of years. However, in today's materialistic and money-oriented society, this excellent tradition of educational thought has been pushed out of the edge of education and "aphasia" in the absurd reality. This paper attempts to reinterpret the essence of "moral education (a kind of aesthetic education)" through the interpretation of the way of "university" (in the final analysis, it is the way of education), in order to reconstruct a view of great moral education and great education in vocational education with too utilitarian educational purpose.

[Keywords:] University; The way of "university"; Moral education; vocational education

First, the so-called education

In a certain purpose or sense, moral education is quality education and humanistic aesthetic education, that is, educating students to understand the essence of human beings. The purpose and essence of moral education is to educate people (students) how to cultivate themselves. Even in the sense of tracing the source, the essence of education is to guide people to be good. In Shuo Wen Jie Zi, the word "teach" is interpreted as: "teach, apply, and effect"; "Educate, foster children to be good". Meng Ziyun: "I sincerely want a fatwa, and I will do it with filial piety." ("Mencius? Hui Liang Wang Shang said: "Respect virtuous people and educate them to show their virtues." ("Mencius? In the west, the word education comes from the Latin educare. The original meaning is "derivation" or "derivation", which means that something originally hidden in the body and mind is triggered by some means. Etymologically speaking, the word "education" in western languages means to emphasize that education is a natural activity from the inside out, aiming at arousing the inherent or potential qualities of natural people from the inside out, thus becoming a realistic development state. What is "intrinsic or latent quality"? Refers to the goodness in people. It can be seen that the purpose of education is not only to teach people to master knowledge and skills, but more importantly, to teach people to be good, even if they become "people". Educator Yan Yuanzhang thinks that China's education

Teaching is "teaching"; Teaching is "teaching people to learn"; Teaching is to teach people to "learn to be a man"; Teaching is to teach people to be "adults". A "teacher" is a person who teaches people, a person who teaches people to be human, and even a person who teaches people to become adults. ..... As for later generations' oversight, they mistook "teaching" for "professor" and "teaching people" for "teaching" and made mistakes. Today, "teacher" should be "teacher" and "teacher", but it is called "teacher" or even "teacher". [ 1]

China's original cultural intention is "a culture of enlightenment", that is, to educate people with certain ethics, poems, books, rituals and music, and the main place to implement this education is the school. It is true that students should first learn this kind of humanistic aesthetic education. Shuowen Jiezi interprets "learning" as "enlightenment and teaching", that is, the meaning of enlightenment by using schools. "White Tiger Yi Tong" also said: "Learning is talking, not knowing." In other words, the primary task of education is to develop students' consciousness, inspire students' moral understanding and, of course, their sensitivity to beauty.

However, as we all know, today's vocational education has fundamentally deviated from the track of quality education and moved towards a single path of skill acceptance. Its fundamental purpose is only to cultivate a group of skilled "talents" with knowledge and no culture. Admittedly, just as it caters to the interests of vocational education, it is an immediate education model, because it can let parents, schools and even society see the victory of education immediately-skilled talents. Because of this, moral education as quality education is naturally hidden or even eliminated in the teaching process. Undoubtedly, no period of moral education can be in such a marginal and embarrassing situation than today.

It is true that today's vocational education has its characteristics of the times and essential attributes, that is, knowledge imparting (skill acceptance) is the main direction. However, is it the only direction or successful mode of vocational education? This remains to be tested. If skill acceptance becomes the only thing in vocational education, then vocational education is no different from vocational training. In fact, the reason why vocational education is "education" rather than training lies in whether it has the difference of "basic attributes". It is extremely unwise to overemphasize skill acceptance and push the basic attributes of vocational education to the edge. As we all know, the effective cultivation of humanistic quality (in the final analysis, it is the basic attribute of education) is helpful to improve the ability to accept skills, and even plays a role as a yardstick for whether the cultivated person is an adult or a talent. In the final analysis, any form (category) of education is inseparable from the basic attribute of "education". In other words, education without "foundation" will lead to top-heavy consequences, and vocational education is no exception. The basic attribute of education is its humanistic education, that is, moral education, which is an invincible sword of education. Therefore, in the process of vocational education, in order to make people's literacy and skill acceptance go hand in hand and promote each other, we must pay attention to the cultivation of humanistic quality while grasping skill acceptance, and regard it as the primary indicator task of vocational education, so as to truly have both ability and political integrity.