Can become a hot topic, indicating that their situation is controversial. Yang Yuhuan's father, Yang Xuanyan, was a steward in Zhou Shu and later joined the army. Xuan Yan died earlier, and Yuhuan was fostered in the home of his uncle Yang Xuanxuan. In the 23rd year of Xuanzong Kaiyuan (735), she was canonized as the princess of Li Mao, the son of Xuanzong. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), Wu Huifei, favored by Xuanzong, died, and there was no emperor in the harem. Someone suggested choosing Yang Yuhuan to fill the backyard in the palace. Xuanzong summoned his daughter-in-law and sighed at a glance. Then Xuanzong let him become a monk. The title was too true, and he didn't marry Wei's daughter for Li Mao. In August of the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Yang entered the palace and was named the imperial concubine. (Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty) In November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Lushan set out for Yuyang, and in June of the following year, Tongguan fell. Tang Xuanzong accepted Yang's suggestion, took the imperial concubine out of Yanmenguan and headed southwest, starting his first trip to Shu. To Ma Wei, Chen Wei is a general, secretly playing the prince, killing Yang and his son, and trying to kill the imperial concubine. Xuanzong had no choice but to leave the imperial concubine in the Buddhist room and was buried at the west side of Yilu at the age of 38. (Biography of Yang Guifei in the Old Tang Dynasty) Xuanzong entered Shu, crossed the diagonal valley, and it rained all day. In the rain, he heard the bell of the postal route, mourned for the imperial concubine, and wrote the song "Rain Bell" to express his hatred. (Addendum to Ming Taizu Miscellaneous Notes) In 757 10, Guo Ziyi recovered Chang 'an; In December, Xuanzong returned to Beijing and lived in Taiji Palace. The most famous love in the Tang Dynasty is undoubtedly the love between Li Longji, the Ming emperor, and Yang Yuhuan, the imperial concubine. This love is a mixture of romance, death, politics and incest. It happened in the most famous figure of the Tang Dynasty, the emperor, and it is full of all the elements that attract people's attention. If there were entertainment publications in Kaiyuan and Tianbao years, Li Yang's love would always occupy the headlines, even if it was a groundless speculation. If we put aside our curiosity about Gong Wei's anecdote, it is also very interesting to observe the attitude of people in Tang poetry towards Li Yang's subsequent love. Li Bai, the most dazzling poet in the Tang Dynasty, was the first to write his love for Li Yang into his poems. According to "The Legend of the Truth", in the early spring of Tianbao, the palace was in full bloom, and Li Longji, who was already affectionate and romantic, borrowed the moon to enjoy the flowers and called Yang Yuhuan to accompany him. Famous flowers and beautiful women, how can their beautiful moments not be happy? Court musicians should play music for entertainment. Li Longji said, "Appreciate famous flowers, how to use old music as concubines", so he asked Li Guinian to hold a golden flower stationery and Xuan Hanlin to write a letter to Li Bai to fill in new words. Li Bai was drunk and didn't wake up. After being called, he wrote three lyrics in one breath, which were written for "Three Chapters of Qingping Music". Li Longji ordered the children in the pear garden to play music, Li Guinian sang and played the flute himself. Among Li Bai's three songs, Qing Ping Le is a famous peony, which is no less than the generation of beautiful women of Zhao in Han Dynasty. "Who is the winner of the Han Palace? Poor swallow leans on new makeup "; Li Yang's love is also harmonious and enviable, just like a couple of immortals. "Famous flowers pour into the country, caring for each other, and the king often laughs." When the drums of Yuyang shook the earth, Du Fu, another great poet trapped in Chang 'an during the An-Shi Rebellion, also wrote Li Yang's love in Mourning the Head of a General. In this poem, Du Fu, standing beside Qujiang, a scenic spot in Chang 'an, recalled the grand occasion of Li Longji and Yang Yuhuan's spring outing: "I remember a colorful flag floating in the South Garden, and everything in the garden was colorful. And the first lady of this kingdom, from the palace with bright sunshine, is the attendant of the emperor sitting in his royal chariot ",which is a collection of Yang Yuhuan but prized by 3,000 people. She walks in the same car with Li Longji, surrounded by many female officials in military uniforms, which is hard to say at the moment. At the same time, Du Fu, who had learned of Yang Yuhuan's death, also expressed sympathy for Li Yang. "Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth?"? ? A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go. And the waters of the Qing and Wei Dynasties run east, passing through the steeple path on the crevice, carrying any news about her ",Yang Yuhuan died in Mawei, wandered in a lonely soul, and went to distant Sichuan, never twisted her love. It is worth noting that Du Fu, who is extremely interested in politics and has been concerned about the country and people all his life, knows that Li Longji bears the highest responsibility for the current national disaster, but he has no criticism of him. On the contrary, he expressed deep sympathy for his forced escape and the rescue of his lover. This may be the so-called "loyalty to the monarch", which regards the monarch as the father and the son as the father. In the first year of Li Chun (806), although nearly half a century has passed, Li Yang's love still rankles the poets, so Bai Juyi wrote Song of Eternal Sorrow, which completely tells the story of that love. In Bai Juyi's pen, Yang Yuhuan's beauty is unparalleled. "As long as she turns her head and smiles, there will be hundreds of spells, and the makeup of the sixth house will go up in smoke"; Li Longji's feelings are also single-minded. "There are other ladies in his court, 3,000 rare beauties, but his favor is 3,000 in one body"; The life of two people who love each other is happy. "He wastes all his time on banquets and revelry. He is a lover in spring and a tyrant at night.". In Bai Juyi's pen, the parting between Li and Yang is touching. "The emperor can't save her, but he can only hide his face until the horseshoe steps on the moth eyebrow"; Li Longji's yearning for Yang Yuhuan after his death is also true and sad. Is it "Your Majesty's love is so constant, deeper than the days in Shu" or "What can he do, but whenever he sees them crying? "When he returned to Chang 'an Palace to face the past, he showed a man's feelings for his beloved woman. No matter how much evidence scholars today find about Li Longji's mistake of country and Yang Yuhuan's patriotism, they can't erase the romance and sadness of Li Yang's love in the poem. The theme song of the TV series "Tang Huangming" sings, "I have seen the emperor and the son of heaven show their true feelings several times", but at least in "Song of Eternal Sorrow", we have seen a son of heaven who does not distort his temperament. Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the national situation declined, and people began to miss the prosperity of the empire, and at the same time began to ponder the reasons for the decline of the Tang Dynasty. Poets are still praising Li Yang's love affair, but at the same time they are gradually mixed with criticism of Xuanzong. There are three songs of Gathering the Lingtai, which not only describe the old story of Li and Yang, "Last night, the emperor gave me a new gift, and I really entered the curtain with a smile", but also satirize and care for my consorts, alluding to his affair with Third Sister, "Mrs. Guo bites the hand that feeds her, and rode into the palace gate. However, it is too greasy to dye, and the moth eyebrows are supreme. " Li Shangyin's Ma Wei has a more direct critical edge. Together with Yang Yuhuan, he hanged Mawei Po, and made a lifelong promise with Li Longji on Qixi night of that year. "Today, the Sixth Army is stationed in Malaysia, and at that time, we laughed at the cows on Tanabata", lamenting that Li Longji, who had been the emperor for more than 40 years, could not keep Yang Yuhuan after all. Although Yang Yuhuan is very popular, his fate is actually worse than that of a civilian woman, because the people. Du Mu, who is as famous as Li Shangyin, ridiculed Xuanzong for abusing people's power because of his love for imperial concubine. In order to let her eat fresh litchi, he used post horses to drive litchi from Guangzhou to Chang 'an Li Qian for Mercedes-Benz. "Riding a princess in the world of mortals, no one knows that it is litchi" ("Crossing Huaqing Pool"). It can be seen that before the Anshi Rebellion, the love between Li Longji and Yang Yuhuan, although mixed with immoral factors and with dissolute colors, was not only accepted by people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but even rejoiced in the combination of the Emperor of Heaven and the peerless beauty. Li Bai's three poems "Qing Ping Le" are not without flattery, but the love between Li and Yang is admirable after all.