A reference paper on mental health
Analysis of Influencing Factors of College Students' Mental Health
Many college students have a series of mental health problems after entering the campus, which has attracted the attention of colleges and universities. The factors that affect college students' mental health include social, school, family and self-factors. Colleges and universities should strengthen the cultivation of college students' psychological quality, infiltrate mental health education into various disciplines, strengthen the development of psychological consultation and campus culture construction, conduct regular surveys on students' mental health, and constantly explore measures to improve college students' mental health problems in the new period.
Keywords college students; Mental health; Current situation; Influencing factors; improvement measures
Contemporary college students are in the youth stage. Due to the lack of life experience and knowledge, coupled with the rapid development of society and the acceleration of the pace of life, "human beings have entered the era of emotional burden." Many college students will feel embarrassed, troubled and bored after entering the campus, which has formed psychological barriers over time. The psychological quality of college students is not only related to their own development, but also to the development of the whole social quality. Therefore, how to avoid and eliminate college students' psychological barriers and promote the cultivation of college students' psychological quality has become an urgent concern in colleges and universities.
First, the mental health of contemporary college students
Contemporary college students are in an unstable stage of life. Although most students have good psychological quality, they are prone to some psychological contradictions and conflicts due to the new learning environment and communication environment, thus forming a series of mental health problems.
Facing the new environment, college students need to adapt again. They have just left the intense study life in senior three, but also left the all-round care of their parents and came to a completely strange environment. No matter the learning environment, life and interpersonal environment, earth-shaking changes have taken place. Faced with this mutation, some college students can't adapt well, and their ability to deal with problems is insufficient, resulting in psychological depression and depression. If they can't vent for a long time, they will have serious psychological problems, even depression and persecution.
New interpersonal relationships need to be maintained again. The life circle of college students has created many new forms of interpersonal relationships. They are not only study partners, but also life partners. New interpersonal relationships need new ways to maintain. Some college students lack the ability of social communication and poor sense of cooperation, so they can't communicate and cooperate in social communication, so they feel mental pressure, escape from group self-isolation and fall into a lonely predicament.
Unable to realize the gap between ideal and reality, college students are ready to carry out campus life with a beautiful vision, but there are often many disappointments in reality. At this time, some students take a negative attitude of avoiding the world, and even belittle themselves and do not seek progress; Other students are arrogant, conceited and cynical. In this way, it is impossible to achieve psychological balance and form a state of despair or cynicism.
Under the ivory tower, college students have poor pressure resistance. Most of them are only children. They all thrive under the care of their parents, bearing their parents' infinite love and expectations. In this case, once faced with setbacks and pressure, it is easy to be helpless, and the ability to resist pressure and setbacks is poor, and it is impossible to self-regulate psychological pressure, forming unhealthy psychology such as anxiety, depression, rebellion and inferiority.
Under the temptation of the internet, students can't form learning motivation, so they are urged to study to some extent. However, unlike high school, students have more free time. Some students spend their time on self-improvement, while others have poor self-control. They spend their time on the Internet, indulging in games and chatting online, which affects their study and even leads to weariness of learning, and cannot solve their learning difficulties.
Second, the factors affecting college students' mental health
With the development of market economy, China has joined the WTO. Under this drastic social change, it is easy to influence people's values and ways of thinking, and college students are in an unstable stage of psychological development. Facing the influx of new things and new information, college students with shallow social experience have stronger psychological impact and greater psychological impact. At the same time, great changes have taken place in the employment mode of college students after graduation. From the original unified distribution of the state to the present self-employment, college students have participated in social competition, making the original sense of superiority disappear, resulting in psychological imbalance, feeling the pressure of competition and fearing the unknown future, which leads to psychological problems.
Schools play an important role in the formation of college students' psychological quality. However, due to the long-term exam-oriented education model in China, all standards of schools are based on grades, which overemphasizes the cultivation of students' intelligence and often ignores the cultivation of students' psychological quality. This educational concept of valuing scores over abilities, valuing collectives over individuals, valuing rationality over sensibility is not conducive to the formation of students' correct psychological quality and affects the development of students' psychological health. Colleges and universities should pay more attention to the ideological health education of college students.
College students are generally at the age of seventeen or eighteen, which is the middle age of youth. This is the most dramatic period of psychological change, and the immaturity of psychological development can easily lead to emotional instability. Compared with middle school, university life has undergone drastic changes in study, life, work and interpersonal relationship: the living environment has changed, and all life must be independent, which is undoubtedly a new challenge for college students who rely on their parents to form habits, and improper handling will form various psychological pressures; College life will face more complicated interpersonal relationships, surrounded by students from different regions and customs, which has caused troubles for students to get along with each other, while some college students choose to be silent, look ahead and look back, hesitate to participate in social activities, and have a strong sense of loneliness over time; Emotional problems began to plague college students. The university is in the embryonic stage of emotion, but its own inexperience and lack of correct guidance make college students form an incorrect view of love, and some problems such as love triangle, unrequited love and even passive love appear, which leads to serious emotional stress and will eventually affect their mental health.
Third, measures to improve the mental health of college students in the new era
Colleges and universities should further strengthen the psychological health education of college students.
1. Infiltrate mental health education into various disciplines and systematically offer mental health education courses.
The curriculum construction of mental health education is the core of implementing mental health education in colleges and universities, and classroom teaching is the main channel of mental health education in schools. Therefore, the course of mental health education must be incorporated into the overall teaching system of the school and listed as a regular course of public courses in colleges and universities. Mental health education should permeate all disciplines, interspersed with ideological health education in peacetime teaching, fully consider students' own psychological needs, stimulate students' interest in learning, and internalize it into good psychological quality. At the same time, it is necessary to systematically set up mental health education courses, systematically learn psychology, hygiene and health knowledge, help college students understand the law of psychological development, enhance their self-education ability, and improve their initiative and enthusiasm in learning.
2. Strengthen the development of psychological counseling in colleges and universities.
School psychological consultation is an important way to improve students' psychological health and optimize their psychological quality. The combination of college students' mental health education and psychological counseling can effectively alleviate students' psychological contradictions and conflicts, and help students correctly understand themselves and adapt to the new environment. Therefore, on the one hand, schools should attach importance to the development of psychological counseling and increase investment; On the other hand, it is necessary to train high-quality psychological counselors.
3. Strengthen the construction of campus culture and create a good psychological and social environment.
The growth of college students' psychological quality is inseparable from a healthy psychological and social environment. We should pay attention to the construction of campus culture and form a good school spirit, which has a subtle influence on college students' psychological quality. At the same time, colorful campus cultural activities are also conducive to the formation of optimistic attitude towards life and positive and healthy psychological quality.
4. Conduct mental health surveys of campus students on a regular basis.
Regular mental health survey of college students can prevent problems before they happen, effectively grasp the changing state of college students' psychological quality, strengthen guidance, and enable students to find and treat psychological problems as soon as possible.
Attach importance to self-education and promote the formation of college students' healthy psychology. College students should learn to know themselves correctly, analyze and solve problems scientifically, release their own pressure moderately and improve their ability to resist setbacks; Choosing a healthy lifestyle, combining work and rest, scientific work and rest, and a healthy and regular life will help to form a healthy psychological state; At the same time, we should learn to adjust ourselves, adjust our emotions and stress tolerance, face the reality correctly, and give full play to our initiative in solving problems and resolving contradictions.
refer to
[1]__ country, Song Gang. Discussion on the "win-win" mode of college students' mental health education [J]. Journal of Sichuan Education College, 2005(05).
[2] Tang Berlin. Scientific construction of the content system of mental health education for college students [J]. Journal of China West Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 2004(05).
Mental Health References Part II
Reflections on College Students' Mental Health
College students are the pillars of national construction in the future and the hope of the motherland. As cross-century builders and successors, their mental health and many problems caused by it have attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Strengthening college students' mental health education has become an urgent need and a common concern in colleges and universities.
Keywords: college students; Mental health; Problems and countermeasures
College students are the pillars of the country, and the university stage is the formation stage of students' world outlook, outlook on life and values. Healthy psychology is the premise for college students to receive ideological and political education and learn scientific and cultural knowledge, and the basic guarantee for their normal study, communication, life and development. Facing the international situation of economic globalization, political multipolarization and cultural pluralism, with the deepening of domestic reform and opening up, all fields of social life in China are facing new competitions and challenges. Today, with the popularization of higher education in China, the university campus is no longer a leisurely "ivory tower", and college students are gradually facing psychological pressure and conflict in environmental adaptation, study adaptation, interpersonal communication, making friends and love, ideal and reality, further education and employment. The survey results show that about 30% of college students have psychological problems. Especially in recent years, college students have been forced to drop out of school, drop out of school, self-harm, suicide, animal injury and even murder due to psychological problems, which cannot but attract the attention of educators.
First, common mental health problems of college students
(A) cognitive imbalance, lack of objectivity and rationality
College students belong to a high IQ group. They are all smart and knowledgeable, but that doesn't mean their cognition is correct. Contemporary college students are not deeply involved in the world and live a single life. From primary school to middle school, I am actively encouraged and praised, and I have a strong sense of pride and superiority. However, in the new environment with many experts and talents, the former sense of superiority no longer exists. The confusion and setbacks encountered in study and life make them prone to inferiority complex, unable to correctly understand their ideal self and the objective reality in front of them, and unable to correctly treat setbacks and failures, which leads to some college students' anxiety.
(B) the lack of harmonious interpersonal relationships, resulting in interpersonal barriers
Interpersonal communication is the basic condition for people's healthy growth, and interpersonal relationship plays an irreplaceable role in people's development, and college students are no exception. Interpersonal relationship is a sensitive issue of college students' mental health. In interpersonal communication, college students are often in contradiction. Some college students are afraid to open their hearts and close themselves in front of teachers and classmates, and lack communication with teachers. At the same time, they are eager for the understanding, support and care of teachers, classmates and friends around them. This situation makes college students in contradiction for a long time, causing interpersonal tension, impulsiveness, anxiety, impatience and anxiety, and even causing attacks and injuries to people around them.
(3) Lack of a healthy concept of love and poor psychological endurance to cope with pressure and frustration.
Although love is not a compulsory course in college, college students will still start their own emotional journey from all aspects. College students are in adolescence, and their physiological and psychological development mechanisms are gradually maturing. However, they lack a healthy and scientific understanding and attitude on the issues of love and sex, and it is inevitable that there will be cognitive and behavioral deviations. They are often simple and one-sided, emotional and impulsive, and cannot correctly handle the problems of love, lovelorn, sexual confusion, sexual depression and so on. This will interfere with their emotions, self-evaluation, communication, study and life, which will lead to many psychological problems and even go to extremes.
(D) The fierce employment competition has caused some college students to have a psychological crisis in choosing jobs.
With the popularization of higher education in China, the employment situation of college graduates is becoming more and more severe. "High consumption of talents" seems to be an irreversible mainstream trend in today's labor market. Many college students step into the talent market with high expectations, but the result is that they are blocked by the employer's high academic qualifications, so they can only look back and return disappointed. As graduation approaches, many students even feel psychological panic, and most students lack confidence in finding satisfactory jobs in the future. Especially for those college students with introverted personality, poor psychological endurance and weak psychological adaptability, it will cause bad psychology such as fear, anxiety, irritability and depression, and even some people lack confidence in life, lose hope for the future and feel that life is meaningless, which will lead to the distortion of outlook on life and values.
Second, college students' mental health countermeasures
The competition of comprehensive national strength in today's world is essentially the competition of science and technology, and in the final analysis, the competition of talent quality. The mental health of college students is not only related to their personal growth, but also related to the improvement of national quality and the cultivation of a new generation. The Ministry of Education's Opinions on Strengthening College Students' Mental Health Education requires local education departments and colleges to fully understand the importance of strengthening college students' mental health education. Strengthening college students' mental health education is an important measure to fully implement the Party's educational policy and implement quality education under the new situation, an important way and means to promote college students' all-round development, and an important part of moral education in colleges and universities.
(1) Offering compulsory courses of mental health education to enhance the ability of self-education.
The improvement of psychological quality is inseparable from the mastery of corresponding knowledge. Colleges and universities should introduce common sense, self-training methods and self-care knowledge closely related to the development of mental health according to students' age characteristics and psychological actual needs, so as to help students better understand and grasp their own psychology and consciously maintain and improve their mental health. Set up mental health education courses for college students, such as physical and mental health care for college students, mental health education for college students, and psychology of college students becoming talents, and incorporate them into the teaching plan of colleges and universities. Pass relevant knowledge to students in the form of teaching through classroom, so as to enhance students' awareness of self-care. At the same time, we can flexibly carry out a variety of teaching methods, make full use of discussion, debate, consultation and other forms, systematically clarify relevant theories, integrate theory with practice, enable students to master some basic principles and methods, learn to master themselves, correctly handle psychological problems in the process of study, life and interpersonal communication, enhance their self-education ability and grow up happily.
(B) Give full play to the role of school psychological counseling.
Psychological counseling appeared in American universities as early as 1930s, and now it has become an important part of higher education. Psychological consultation is a scientific method to solve psychological obstacles face to face. Through communication, discussion, explanation and consultation with visiting students, we can exert psychological influence on students, change their cognition, emotion, attitude and behavior, promote their mental health, improve their adaptability to life and help them realize self-help. Generally speaking, in recent ten years, great progress has been made in psychological counseling for college students in China. The number of people who mistakenly think that seeking psychological counseling is a mental illness, or that psychological counseling is just talk and can't solve any problems is decreasing. However, more and more students are actively seeking psychological counseling when they encounter difficulties and troubles in their study and life. As a university, we should strengthen the role of school psychological counseling, constantly enrich and improve the theoretical knowledge level and professional ability of psychological counseling teachers, and provide students with regular, timely and effective mental health guidance and services through individual counseling, group counseling, psychological behavior training, letter counseling, hotline counseling, online counseling and other forms.
(3) Strengthen the construction of campus culture and actively create a campus environment conducive to college students' mental health.
The healthy growth of college students is inseparable from a healthy psychological and social environment, and the cultivation of college students' psychological quality is inseparable from a good campus cultural atmosphere. Colleges and universities should strive to create a positive and healthy school spirit and style of study, carry out various forms of cultural and sports activities and academic activities, and form a healthy and upward atmosphere and a relaxed understanding environment, which will help students deepen their self-awareness, fully develop their personality and maintain their physical and mental health. At the same time, schools should create more opportunities for social practice, let students actively participate in social practice, increase their knowledge and talents in practice, enhance their ability to resist risks and emergencies, improve their adaptability and frustration resistance, and promote the healthy development of body and mind.
refer to
[1] Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening College Students' Mental Health Education [200 1] 1
[2] Huang Xiting, Yongzheng. Mental health education for college students [M]. Higher Education Press, 200 1.