Ancient literature knowledge 1. Common sense of ancient literature

1. Cultural knowledge 1. Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty: Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo.

2. Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu and Wu. 3. Four classic works: A Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and The Journey to the West.

4. Four folklores: The Legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, butterfly lovers, Meng Jiangnv and White Snake. 5. The world's four great short story masters: Chekhov, Mo Bosang, Mark Twain and O'Henry.

6. Su Shi's prose represents the highest achievement of prose in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his poetry and Huang Tingjian are called Su Huang. 7. Ma Zhiyuan's masterpiece Tianjingsha Qiu Si is regarded as the originator of Qiu Si.

After ten years' study, Cao Xueqin created Dream of Red Mansions, the greatest realistic work in China's classical novels. After its publication, it has been widely circulated and deeply loved by people, and some people have studied A Dream of Red Mansions, which has now become an important topic in the study of world literature. 9. Lu Xun is the founder of modern literature in China, and Chen Yi is known as a marshal poet. Cang Kejia is regarded as a clay poet, because most of his poems are about rural areas. In other places, Wen Yiduo is known as the drummer of the times.

10, three friends in the cold: pine, bamboo and plum. 1 1. Four gentlemen in flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum.

12, four friends of literati: piano, chess, books and paintings. 13, Four Treasures of the Study: pen, ink, paper and inkstone.

14, Sikuquanshu: Scenery, History, Zi and Ji. 15, The Book of Songs has six meanings: style, elegance, ode (classification), fu, comparison and xing (expression).

16, Tang poetry, Song poetry, Yuanqu, Ming and Qing novels. 17, laurel, top, top, champion: first.

18, three cardinal guides and five permanent members: three cardinal guides: the father is the son, the monarch is the minister, and the husband is the wife; The five permanent members: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. 19, The Four Books and Five Classics are the main classics of Confucianism: The Four Books are The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean and The University; The Five Classics refer to poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, the Book of Changes and the Spring and Autumn Period.

20. Huang San: Emperor, Huangdi, Ren Huang or Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong; Five Emperors: Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun. 2 1. Hardware: gold, silver, copper, iron and tin.

22. Five flavors: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty. 23. Five elements: gold, wood, water, fire and earth.

24. The eight methods of permanent characters mean that permanent characters have eight strokes: point, horizontal, vertical, left, press, fold, hook and lift. 25. In ancient times, there were names such as Yao, Xu and imperial academy. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the highest institution of higher learning was imperial academy.

26. Three religions and nine streams: three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Jiuliu: Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalism, Mohism, Militarism and Miscellaneous Farmhouse. 27. Ancient imperial examinations (Sui Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties): ① childbirth examination, also known as childbirth examination, is called childbirth examination. Candidates, regardless of age, are called childbirth. After passing the exam, you can get the qualification of trainee (scholar, xianggong) in order to take the imperial examination.

(2) After the provincial examinations in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the examinations were held in the provincial capitals every three years, and the scholars took part. The person who passed the exam is called Jie, and the first person who passed the exam is called Jie. (3) Examination: The Ming and Qing Dynasties held an examination every three years in Beijing. Juren from all provinces and imperial academy Guo Jian students could take the examination, and 300 students were admitted as Gong Shi, and the first one was named as a member.

(4) the palace examination, is the highest level of the imperial examination system, the emperor in the palace, to try to admit Gong Shi, ask yourself, in order to make a first-class merit. Admission is divided into three classes: first-class and third-class, respectively awarded the titles of Jinshi and Ji, the first place in the champion (Dingyuan), the second place in the second place and the third place, collectively called the third-class tripod; A number of dimethyl, given the title of Jinshi origin; A number of the top three, given the title of Jinshi origin.

Second, the most 1 and the earliest collection of poems in China literature is The Book of Songs; 2. The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan; 3. The earliest pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty; 4. The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Can in the prosperous Tang Dynasty; 5. The most outstanding uninhibited poet in ancient times was Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty; 6. The most outstanding poetess in ancient times was Li Qingzhao of the Southern Song Dynasty; 7. The most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty; 8. The greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty; 9. The greatest realistic poet in ancient times was Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty; 10, the patriotic poet who wrote the most poems in ancient times was Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty; 1 1. The most famous novel in ancient times was The Journey to the West in Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty. 12, the most famous historical novel in ancient times is Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the early Ming Dynasty; 13. The earliest novel of peasant uprising in ancient times was Shi Naian's Water Margin at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. 14. The greatest realistic novel in ancient times was A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin in Qing Dynasty. 15. The most outstanding satirical novel in ancient times is Wu's Scholars in Qing Dynasty. 16, the most outstanding collection of classical Chinese short stories in ancient times is Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty; 17, the earliest recorded prose in ancient times was The Analects of Confucius; 18, the earliest recorded history book in ancient times is Zuo Zhuan; 19, the earliest biographical history in ancient times is Historical Records; 20. The most outstanding inscription in ancient times was Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in the Tang Dynasty; 2 1, the greatest writer in modern times is Lu Xun; 22. The most outstanding novel in modern times is Midnight by Mao Dun; 23. The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Scream. 3. Commonly used metonymic words 1, Mulberry: hometown 2, Taoli: student 3, country, Xuanyuan: country 4, Nanguan: prisoner 5, classmate 6, bonfire: war 7, woman 8, bamboo: music 9, man 10. History: Chronicle 13, husband and wife 14, Ding Bai, Buyi people 15, yellow hair: old man 16, mulberry mother: farming 17, support, overlooking: children/kloc.

2. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, also known as Liu Han, were advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. 3. Father and son poets: Su Xun (Lao Su), Su Shi (Da Su) and Su Zhe (Xiao Su).

4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as Su Xin; Graceful lyricist: Li Qingzhao (poetess). 5. Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu.

Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu. 6. Qu Yuan: the earliest great poet in China. He created a new poetic style of Chu Ci and created our country.

2. Common sense of China ancient literature

As for the appreciation of ancient poetry, the examination notes position it as a "preliminary" appreciation of the image, language, expression skills and ideological content of poetry. However, in the actual exam, the score rate of poetry appreciation questions has been low, and many students regard it as an insurmountable gap, which makes them daunting, so that they follow their feelings in a daze and unfortunately lose their due scores.

To solve this problem, we should train from two aspects: on the one hand, we should accumulate extensively and master as many ancient poems as possible. Being knowledgeable will definitely help solve the problem. On the other hand, we should learn appreciation skills, which is an important means to cope with the exam.

The combination of these two points is the strategy of "accumulation+skill". The following author mainly talks about skills: First, pay attention to the accumulation of background knowledge of ancient poetry, mainly including the poet's life experience, thoughts and feelings, artistic style and so on. Mastering these contents, we can make a condescending analysis when we appreciate poetry.

For example, Du Fu's life of worrying about the country and the people, and his depressed and frustrated style; Li Bai's cynical life, fresh and elegant style; Xin Qiji's "The Great Cause Against Song Jinfu" is not only magnificent in theme, but also tactful in technique. Other poets, such as Wang Wei, Du Mu, Li Shangyin, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, etc. We need to make a research summary in our usual review.

Here, the author has a simple summary: For example, The Book of Songs is the source of realism, and The Songs of the South is the source of romanticism. The ancient poems of Han Dynasty have a sad color, while the poems of Three Caos (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) are desolate and vigorous.

Wang Wei's poems are implicit and vivid, while frontier poems (represented by Gao Shi and Cen Can) are magnificent and extraordinary. Li Bai's poems are cynical, fresh and elegant; Du Fu's poems pay attention to the life of the country and people, and have a gloomy and depressed style.

Bai Juyi's poems appeal to both refined and popular tastes, Li He's poems are grotesque and changeable, Li Shangyin's poems are beautiful and elegant, and Du Mu's poems are subtle and graceful. A group of "Huajian School" poets (Wei Zhuang, Ouyang Jiong, Li Xun, Sun Kexian, etc. ), represented by Wen, has both a rich, mellow and soft side and a fresh and elegant side. Li Yu's ci is decadent, sad and delicate and touching.

Ouyang Xiu's poems are beautiful and affectionate. Fan Zhongyan's ci is desolate and solemn, Yan Shu's ci is clear and sparse, Su Shi's ci is vigorous and bold, Liu Yong's ci is touching and sad, Huang Tingjian's ci is fluent and natural, Qin Guan's ci is sincere and sincere, Li Qingzhao's ci is graceful and sad, and Yang Wanli's ci is fresh and lively.

Lu you, known as Xiao Taibai, is bold and unrestrained, clear and smooth; Xin Qiji's ci style is not only a majestic theme, but also many works are euphemistic. In addition, Jiang Kui is a metrical poet, whose characteristics are nuanced, simple and elegant ... These poetic styles have always influenced the poetry circles in Ming and Qing Dynasties, so it is not difficult to find the influence of ancient poetic styles in Qiu Jin's poems.

It should be emphasized that a preliminary understanding of the author's style will bring us some convenience. But we should also see that the so-called style refers to the main theme of the poet's writing, and it is not without exception.

Everyone needs to use it flexibly according to the situation. Second, pay attention to the implied information of poetry, such as title, background prompt, notes and so on.

These are all important, and some of them may be the key to understanding poetry. Please look at the following poem: Try Zhang Shui's Zhu Qingyu's bridal chamber. Last night, he put out the red candle and waited for Tang Xiao to visit his menstruation.

Make-up, low eyebrow asked her husband, is it deep thrush? Looking at the content of this poem alone, it seems that it is written about the psychological state of a newly married wife when she is preparing to meet her in-laws for the first time. After reading the title, the author Zhu Qingyu compared her in-laws to examiners and the groom to her good friend Zhang Shuibu, showing her anxiety and hoping that Zhang Shuibu would help her pass the test. Let's look at the following poem: Zhang Xushan made a guest appearance in the mountains, making a light gesture of spring glow, and planning to return for the light spirit.

Even if there was no rain in Mystery, the clothes were dyed deep in the clouds. If you don't read the title of this poem, you may misunderstand that the author's writing purpose is to praise the beautiful scenery in the mountain or persuade people to stay and enjoy the beautiful scenery in the mountain.

Only by reading the title of the poem can we understand the writing intention of this poem. Third, with the help of all kinds of knowledge and information, analyze the feelings and scenery of poetry. Poetry is the best lyric form in literary works, which has been the case since ancient times.

When we appreciate poetry, we should savor the feelings expressed in it. Because the emotion in poetry is implicit in various descriptions, it is not straightforward, which requires us to have a clear purpose and analyze various skills of poetry from various angles.

For example, 200 1 national topic: farewell to Li Zhou and Wei in the night rain, is it all the way across the river to Chu? The bell in the evening came to us from Nanjing. The rain is heavy, the sky is not right, and the birds fly slowly.

The Yangtze River flows into the distance of the Yangtze River, and the trees are full of rain. Farewell to my old friend, I love infinity, and tears fall down on the river.

The title of this song is farewell theme. Since ancient times, poets have been sad about parting, and when the author expresses his feelings of parting, he puts his feelings in the scene and sets off his feelings with the scene, which has produced excellent results. You see, in the light rain, in the twilight, the sails are heavy, the birds are flying slowly, "the deep ocean gate is invisible", the future is uncertain, "only the big branches of Pukou are newly dripping", and even the trees on the Yuanjiang River are immersed in the affectionate rain, let alone the people who bid farewell? People are naturally "similarly, because of our great love, there is a line of water on our faces".

There are two key points in the description of scenery here: "sail weight" and "distance", which are not only descriptions of natural scenery, but also descriptions of people's feelings. From the analysis of the above poems, we can see that when we appreciate ancient poems, we should pay attention to relevant knowledge and information, such as the title, author, background materials, final dialogues, keywords in lines, etc.

Fourth, master some necessary allusions and common allusions in ancient poetry, and the use of allusions can get a concise and peculiar effect. The review of allusions should strive to avoid being difficult to understand, but we must pay attention to mastering what we have touched and common sense as much as possible.

For example, Blue Sima, The Word of Cardamom, Lang Feng's Preface, Guanhe, Sanshan and Loulan. For example, read the following Song Ci and answer the following question: If Meng Ling (Yanrui) Road is a pear flower, is it an apricot flower?

The white inside is red, especially the oriental taste. I once remembered that people were slightly drunk in Wuling. This song poem uses a famous allusion. Whose work is he from? From this, we can see what this song ci is about. What feelings are you expressing? Looking back at Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden, we can know that the phrase "people are slightly drunk in Wuling" uses the allusion of "Wu Lingren", and thus infer this point.

3. What do the Four Books of Ancient Literature refer to?

The four books are the general names of the four works: Daxue, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. The Five Classics refer to Zhouyi, Shangshu, Book of Songs, Book of Rites and Zuo Zhuan. Sikuquanshu is the largest official revision in ancient China. The official books in the early Tang Dynasty were divided into four stacks of classics and history subsets, which were called "four stacks of books" or "four stacks of books". The quartering of the subset of classics and history is the main method of ancient book classification, which basically covers all ancient books, so it is called "the whole book". This set of books is divided into four parts, namely classics, history, sub-books and collections, and 44 categories. It also includes The Analects of Confucius, Daxue, Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean, Zhouyi, Zhou Li, Book of Rites, Book of Songs, Filial Piety, Shangshu, Chunqiu, Historical Records, Er Ya Zhu Shu and Shuowen Jiezi. There are also some works by Japanese, Koreans, Vietnamese, Indians and European missionaries in China, which provide a relatively complete literature for future generations to study the ancient culture of China. There are many ancient military books in China, among which The Five Classics and Seven Books include The Art of War by Sun Tzu, The Art of War by Woods, Liu Tao, Sima Fa, Three Outlooks, Wei Liaozi and Li.

4. Common sense of ancient literature

1. Foundation of Jian 'an Literature: 1. The pioneer of the new situation of Jian 'an literature is Cao Cao, an outstanding politician, strategist and poet.

His representative works of poetry creation include Lu Luxing, Good Li Xing, and A Journey to the Bitter Han, which describe the war and people's sufferings at the end of the Han Dynasty. "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles" is a famous sentence of Hao. The short song "The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world belongs to his heart" shows his ambition to unify the world and the spirit of being proactive, showing his broad mind; "A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected, a brilliant star and a brilliant person, if unexpected" in Watching the Sea describes the magnificent atmosphere of the sea.

"My heart is full of lofty sentiments" in "A Short Song" shows the author's yearning for talents, and "An old man riding a horse, aiming at a thousand miles, a martyr in his twilight years, courageously marching forward" in "Waiting for Hou" shows Cao Cao's positive and enterprising spirit. 2. Cao Cao is a pioneer in creating a new situation in literature. He pioneered the use of Yuefu old poems to write current affairs.

Besides his five-character poems, there are many excellent four-character poems. He studied Han Yuefu, but he has his own style. 3. The earliest extant complete seven-character poem of literati is Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi; His Dian Lun is the earliest extant literary monograph. He advocated literature and promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature.

4. Cao Zhi's life and creation can be divided into two periods, which are bounded by Cao Pi's proclaimed emperor in 220 AD. 5. The representative works of Cao Zhi's poetry creation are "White Horse", which describes the superb martial arts and patriotic spirit of a ranger teenager. Among them, "The patriotism of a teenager cannot be concentrated in the name of a strong man; Give Xu gan "to encourage friends to make contributions;" "Seven Sorrow" pinned her depression and pain on the thinking woman; Noda's trip to an oriole tells the story of a teenager who cut a net and saved an oriole. " "Yin on Mount Tai" describes the poor life beauty of the seaside people, and so on, pinning their feelings of lack of talent on the distress of unmarried beauty in their prime. Zhong Rong called his poems "high-spirited, and the words were taken from Huamao".

6. The important writers in the Jian 'an period were "Three Cao", "Seven Zi" and the poetess Cai Yan. "Three Caos" refers to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi; The name of "Seven Scholars" can be found in Cao Pi's Classical Essays, which refers to Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Serina Liu, with RoyceWong as the highest achievement.

7. The representative work reflecting social unrest and people's sufferings in the creation of "Seven Poems" is RoyceWong's Seven Wounded Poems, one of which "Going Out Without Seeing, Bones Cover the Plain" shows the sufferings brought to the people by the war. Chen Lin's Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave, Ruan Yu's Driving Out of the North Gate, etc. Liu Zhen's three masterpieces expressing his personal ambitions and experiences are To My Brother.

8. The extant Cai Yan includes Five-character Poems of Sorrow and Anger, Poems of Sorrow and Anger, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia, etc. The most credible is Cai Yan's grief and indignation poem.

Second, the literary foundation of Zhengshi Western Jin Dynasty 1. Zhengshi literature generally refers to the literature in the late Wei Dynasty, and the representative writers in this period are Ji Kang and Ruan Ji. 2. The representative of Ji Kang's prose is "Breaking Up with the Mountain Residence", and the representative of his poetry is "Giving a Scholar to Join the Army". Ruan Ji's main poetry creation is 82 love poems, and the most famous prose is Biography of Mr. Adult.

3. Ruan Ji's Yong Huai Lu has made great achievements in using Wang Yan's poems to express emotion and irony. One of them, Sleepless at Night, Sit Up and Play the Piano, shows my loneliness and anguish, and opens a way for progressive writers under the rule of darkness to write political lyrics. "Words in the eyes and ears, feelings in the table of eight shortages" in Shi Pin summarizes Ruan Ji's poetic style. Tao Yuanming's Drinking, Yu Xin's Quasi-Yong Huai.

4. Zhang Hua, Zhang Xie, Lu Ji, Pan Ni, Pan Yue and Zuo Si were the directors of "Three Zhang, Two Lu, Two Pan and One Zuo" before and after Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, and they were famous poets in Taikang period. 5. Taikang's literary creation has two bad tendencies: one is to imitate the prosperity of the ancients; The second is to pursue flowery words and double neatness.

Liu Xie said that "taking the initiative and stopping is softer than Jian 'an" refers to Taikang literature. 6. Lu Ji was the most famous writer in the Taikang era, as well as Pan Yue, Zhang Hua and Zhang Xie.

7. Lu Ji's representative works include "Ancient Poems 12", which imitates ancient poems 19, and "Going to Luodao to do things", which describes his traveling life; Pan Yue's masterpiece is three mourning poems. 8. Zuo Si was the most accomplished poet in the Western Jin Dynasty, and his poems directly inherited the reputation of "Zuo Si Feng Zhi".

9. Zuo Si's representative works include eight epic poems, which use allusions and techniques such as comparison. For example, "the world stands tall and he sinks" is the contrast, while "pine and cypress at the bottom of the sword" and "seedlings on the mountain" are metaphors for poor intellectuals and aristocratic children, and are also used to reflect the contradiction between poor intellectuals and aristocratic children. In addition, Zhao Yin, Nv Jiao Poems and Sandu Fu are all his representative works.

10, Liu Kun's masterpiece is "Fufeng Song", he is a poet who loves his country and his hometown. Guo Pu, whose masterpiece is Fourteen Poems by Zhou Xian, is a metaphysical poet. In Preface to Poetry, the criticism of metaphysical poetry is that he "rationalizes his words and indifferent to his taste".

Third, the background of Tao Yuanming: 1, Tao Yuanming, also known as Qian, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang, and was a "respected scholar" in posthumous title. Later people called him Tao Pengze because he worked for Peng. After he resigned from Peng, he lived a farming life of "burying the waste in the morning and returning to the lotus on the moon". 2. Tao Yuanming's poems can be divided into two categories: pastoral poems and poems about the past and the future.

His famous prose poems include Biography of Mr. May 6th, Return and the Afterlife, Poems of Scholars' Feelings, Poems of Misfortune and so on. 3. According to its content, Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems can be divided into three aspects: one part shows the tranquility of the countryside and his carefree mood, and the representative works are Returning to the Pastoral Poet (No Custom Rhyme) and Drinking (Building a house is in a humanistic environment); The other part sings enthusiastically about agricultural labor and the friendship established with farmers in labor, such as Returning to the Countryside (planting beans at the foot of Nanshan Mountain) and Early Rice in the West Field in September of Gengxu New Year (a right path in life). There is also a small part that reflects the poverty in rural areas and their own poor life, such as the fourth "Returning to the Pastoral Poetry" (Traveling in Yamazawa), as well as the resentment in the poem and Chu's description of Pang Zhizhong.

Peach Blossom Garden, written in his later years, is a new development of his pastoral poems. 4. Tao Yuanming's poems and songs.

5. Common sense of China's classical literature

Tao Yuanming, a literary knowledge, is a common sense of ancient literature in China, and is famous for his potential and profound words. Known as Mr. Jingjie, he claimed to be Mr. Wuliu, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the first pastoral poet in China.

Prose includes Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wuliu, and poetry includes Drinking in the Garden. Gan Bao, the word rises.

Historians and writers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote China's first collection of mythical (mysterious) novels, Searching for the Gods. Ye Fan, Zi, was a historian and essayist in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Le Yangzi's Wife and Zhang Hengchuan are selected from his Book of the Later Han Dynasty, namely the Eastern Han Dynasty. "People with lofty ideals don't drink water from stolen springs, and honest people don't take food from stolen springs" comes from his book "Later Han Dynasty? Biography of women

Liu Yiqing was a novelist in the Song Dynasty in China, and he wrote China's first collection of notes and novels, Shi Shuo Xin Yu. This is a note novel that records anecdotes of characters in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Many stories in the book have become allusions and themes of poems, novels and plays, and some have become common idioms, such as "looking at plums to quench thirst", "infatuation" and "glib tongue".

Liu Xie, Zi Yanhe, a literary theorist in the Southern Liang Dynasty, has written 50 monographs on Chinese literary theory, covering many problems in his creation. Li Daoyuan, Zi Ziliang, was a geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Written in 40 volumes, Notes on Water Classics is a geographical chronicle with literary value. Zhong Rong, Zi Zhongwei, a literary critic in the Southern Liang Dynasty, is the author of the first monograph on poetry theory in China.

4. A writer in the Tang Dynasty, Zi An, one of the four outstanding writers in the early Tang Dynasty, wrote a book in Shu Zhong with the lyric poem "Farewell to Du DuDu" (five laws); The famous article "Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion". The author of Wang Zian's works.

Yang Jiong, the first of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was famous for "joining the army". Lu, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was a representative of Chang 'an in ancient times.

Luo, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, is represented by Political Prisoners Listening to Cicada, and there is another famous work, Qiuwuban, whose anthology is Linhai Collection. He, Zi Jizhen, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty.

The book "Back to Hometown" (The Four Wonders) is a masterpiece. Wang Zhihuan, a poet in Tang Dynasty.

His "Liangzhou Ci" and "Dengque Lou" are the treasures of the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. Meng Haoran was an idyllic poet in Tang Dynasty.

Passing through Old Villages (Five Methods) depicts the pastoral scenery of green mountains and green rivers and the peasant flavor of "talking about Sang Ma with cups in our hands", which embodies the true feelings of poets and villagers. "Spring Dawn" (Five Wonders) describes the scene of spring dawn and the feeling of early spring, and has become a good poem that has been passed down through the ages.

Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was good at four-character poems and wrote about the military life of the frontier fortress at that time. He is magnificent and elegant in style. His seven poems, such as Farewell to Xin Jian in Furong Inn and Chusai, are famous in the capital. Wang Wei, whose real name is Cimo, was originally named Wang Youcheng.

Pastoral poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose famous works include Birds Singing in the Stream (Five Unique Poems), Yuan Shi Er An Xi (Seven Unique Poems) and Hunting (Five Laws). Su Shi praised Wang Wei's words, "There are paintings in poems and poems in paintings".

Li Bai, the word Taibai, was a romantic poet in Tang Dynasty. The official worships Hanlin.

Because of his arrogant personality, he was not tolerated by powerful people, which deepened his understanding of corrupt society and wrote poems attacking the extravagance of imperial power and powerful people and accusing the reality of political darkness. Thoughts on a Quiet Night, Songs of Autumn Pu, Looking at Tianmen Mountain, Farewell to Friends, Seven Ancient Poems, It's Hard to Walk on Mount Tianmu.

The author of the complete works of Li Taibai. Gao Shi, with a rich word, was a frontier poet in Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the border situation and the sufferings of soldiers at that time, including Yan Gexing and Don't Move Big (seven unique poems).

Cui Hao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a scholar of Kaiyuan and the eunuch of Yuan Wailang, a Si Xun. His frontier poems are generous and heroic.

The Yellow Crane Tower (Seven Laws) is highly respected by Li Bai. Du Fu, with beautiful words, once lived in Shaoling West, south of Chang 'an. He claimed to be the grandfather of Shaoling, who was known as Du Shaoling, a native of Gongxian County, Henan Province, and a realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty.

He once wandered around and lived in Chang 'an for ten years. He was captured in the Anshi Rebellion, escaped from his post and stayed to collect the remains. After abandoning the official, he moved to Chengdu and built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhua River, known as Huanhuacaotang in the world. Ren Jiannan was once thrifty and joined the army, and was called Du Gongbu by the world. His works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry", including Du Gongbu's poems.

His masterpiece "From Beijing to Fengxian, Sing 500 Words" and his poems "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". Cen Can, a frontier poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in history, and the official was the secretariat of history.

I have been in the army for many years and have a profound understanding of frontier life, including Cenjiazhou's poems. Bai Xuege sent Tian Shuji Wu home (seven ancient books).

Zhang Zitong, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, took reclusive life as the theme and wrote famous articles such as Xuanzhenzi. Han Yu, a native of Heyang (Henan), claimed to be Changli (a well-known family in the county), and posthumous title Han Changli, also known as Han Wengong, went from official department to official department assistant, also known as Korean official department.

Prose writer and poet in the Tang Dynasty, together with Liu Zongyuan, was an advocate of the "ancient prose movement", and was listed as the first of the "eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties", and he wrote the Collected Works of Mr. Changli.