When I was involved in the case, I was puzzled by Confucius' words at first: the student who saved Lunu without reimbursement was blamed, and the student who saved his life but accepted the thank-you gift was praised. Concealed meditation has a far-reaching impact.
Seeing problems and doing things should start with who is the biggest beneficiary. Although individuals get valuable returns, the biggest beneficiaries are the country and society, which is bigger or smaller, which is self-evident. In fact, the relationship between virtue and benefit is not completely opposite. It is only because we hold high the moral banner in our hearts that we make a wrong judgment on all slightly deviated behaviors.
The ancients said: "The grid is above the plum and accumulated among the bamboos; Moral confidence must be correct, and the quality is elegant and high. "Indeed, morality is a noble character. From ancient times to the present, morality is an eternal topic and the foundation of being a man. Without morality, one cannot stand on one's feet. However, when we admire morality, we often go too far, as if morality and money are natural enemies. When evaluating a person's morality, it is unwise or even completely wrong to focus all eyes on money.
In the Millennium, Professor Yuan Longping accepted the first "highest scientific honor award" of 5 million yuan. According to the above theory, should we consider him immoral? No, the popularity of two-line hybrid rice technology in Yuan Longping has enabled China to feed hundreds of millions of people in the world. In contrast, this 5 million yuan is insignificant for his contribution. The reason why the state set up this award is to encourage scientists to make greater contributions to the country, let the world know that China is a country that respects talents, and thus attract more domestic talents, overseas students and foreign scientists to work in China. The "reward effect" has been really fruitful in recent years.
China made a historic breakthrough in the Athens Olympic Games. After the competition, the state rewarded the athletes who won the gold medal. This incident caused a lot of discussion, and the words of accusation filled my ears. But I think reward is a kind of catalyst, which can motivate more athletes to achieve good results. Maybe we will win the first place in the total number of gold medals in 2008. We can't think that athletes lose their morality when they get bonuses. Don't women volleyball players collectively donate money to charity? Coincidentally, when SARS was prevalent last year, didn't Real Madrid players who made huge sums of money in China also donate huge sums of money to china charity federation?
Of course, we should not forget the great righteousness, but we should correctly treat and handle the relationship between morality and interests. Not long ago, facing the fishermen who fell into the water along the coast of Leizhou, someone shouted "charge first and then save people", which made people shudder. The incident that a Korean star published a "photo album" in the name of "comfort women" is even more irritating. This kind of behavior of valuing profit over morality and taking advantage of loopholes to make money is disgusting.
Under the situation of market economy, it is particularly important to deal with the relationship between morality and interests. We should not misappropriate the concept of morality unilaterally, but should treat and deal with moral problems rationally.
My friend, let's treat interests with rationality and maintain morality with rationality!
The author summarizes the material in two sentences and leads to the topic simply and quickly. The style of writing firmly grasps the key point that people don't understand Confucius' point of view, and puts forward the view that "who should benefit the most from seeing problems and doing things", and the topic is accurate; Quote the words of the ancients, take a step back, admit the importance of morality, then point out the mistakes of one-sided and over-praising morality and analyze the reality; The positive examples of Yuan Longping and Athens Olympic gold medalists winning national awards and the negative examples of Leizhou Coast and Korean entertainment circles are listed, which are powerful and the materials are clear and accurate.
You can have both interests and justice.
For a long time, as far as the relationship between benefit and righteousness is concerned, it is generally believed that benefiting means losing righteousness. The relationship between righteousness and interest seems to be either one or the other and cannot be organically combined. In fact, this traditional moral concept is wrong. We have every reason to believe that justice and profit can be unified, and it is worth promoting to pursue interests within the scope of justice.
One of Confucius' students saw a child fall into the rushing river, so he jumped down to save him. The child's father gave him a cow to thank him, and he accepted it happily. Many people say that he is too greedy. However, Confucius said to him, you did the right thing, because your behavior declared to the society that you can accept whatever reward you have for saving people from danger, which can encourage more people to save people.
In my opinion, what Confucius students did was correct. He broke through people's misunderstanding. The lack of analysis of "people's ideological misunderstanding", that is, "the person who wants to repay kindness is unjust", should be related to the rhetorical question "is it unjust?" In today's society, there are also many helpful people like Confucius students, and they have also received their due rewards. Are they unjust people? Lei Feng's spirit of doing good deeds without leaving a name is certainly an example for us to learn, but it cannot be a shackle that binds our thoughts. Mozi once said, "Righteousness is beneficial." These are just three simple words, but they accurately clarify the relationship between righteousness and benefit. Benefit is the foundation of righteousness. Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, once said: "Revolution is produced on the basis of material interests. If you only talk about sacrifice and don't talk about material interests, it is idealism. " It can be seen that, on the one hand, interest is indeed a moral premise with the spirit of self-sacrifice. On the other hand, righteousness is the stipulation of interests. During the SARS period, Radix Isatidis suddenly became a hot commodity, which was in short supply. Many enterprises proceed from the immediate interests, regardless of the righteousness, and wantonly raise prices to make money. Faced with this situation, Shijiazhuang Shenwei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. did not hesitate to cut prices, and did everything possible to expand production and stabilize market drug prices. As a commercial enterprise, Shenwei attaches importance to interests, but in the long run, giving up short-term interests and choosing righteousness will win long-term credibility. Sure enough, after SARS, the sales performance of Shenwei Pharmaceutical was excellent. From this perspective, moral interests can last for a long time. Shenwei pharmaceutical industry is a clever combination of righteousness and benefit, which neither violates righteousness nor benefits. The combination of righteousness and benefit has created a brilliant performance of an enterprise, and righteousness and benefit are no longer the antagonistic relationship of "you can't have your cake and eat it" as Mencius said.
Zhu once said that "those who benefit, the sum of righteousness is also." The unity of justice and benefit is an inseparable organic whole. It is precisely because they are ethical that people can gain long-term benefits. It is because of the existence of interests that people can do more moral things. Only the combination of interests and justice can make our society more harmonious and the country long-term stability.
Example leads us forward.
The development of a thing must have its reasons, good reasons will bring beauty, and bad reasons will degenerate. Socrates
Confucius praised a student for saving lives and receiving gifts, but another student criticized him for saving his compatriots and giving up the ransom he paid. In our eyes, the former is utilitarian and the latter is noble. Why did Confucius leave us the opposite answer? (The first paragraph only deals with materials. No need to expand)
Perhaps Confucius thought that the role of example was to guide social behavior. In a society, there are always fewer rich people and more people who are short of money. If it's considered bad for the redeemer to collect money, who wants to do the trouble of subsidizing money? Being a slave naturally leads to less redemption. Therefore, Confucius believes that Zigong's redemption of people with gold is not enough to set an example for the world.
The same is to save people. Confucius was very happy to hear the story, but said, "From now on, Lu saved more people from drowning." Confucius believed that Luz had enough courage to save the drowning man. The rescued person thanked Lutz and gave him a cow, and Lutz accepted the gift. This kind of good karma has a far-reaching influence in Shandong, and more and more people will go into the water to save lives in the future. (Analysis in quoted retelling materials)
The same is good, Confucius demoted Zhang Gonglu. Re-emphasizing the problem, making the thinking centralized and impartial, can also guide deeper analysis. It is also because ordinary people only compare and comment when they see different behaviors, and Confucius sees not only the different behaviors of two people, but also the social consequences that these behaviors may lead to. Therefore, he reached a different conclusion.
Confucius' conclusion really stems from his profound understanding of the world. We are never short of role models. Why are there so few latecomers? We advocate the sublime, why is the sublime always elsewhere? (This is according to the above words. Although the students who received the thank-you gifts received valuable rewards, the biggest beneficiaries were the rescued people. It goes without saying that human life is bigger than cattle. In fact, the relationship between morality and interests is not completely opposite, but the principle we judge things is often extreme. Morality and money are not natural enemies. If we judge things not only according to the status quo, but also according to the shortcomings; Not only temporarily, but also for a long time; Not only about one person, but also about the world. Then Confucius was not the only one who reached this extraordinary conclusion two thousand years ago.
In the Millennium, the first "highest scientific honor award" of 5 million yuan was awarded to Professor Yuan Longping. He accepted. Can this say that his moral sentiment is not so good? No. The popularization of his two-line hybrid rice technology has enabled China and the world to feed hundreds of millions more people. Compared with Yuan Longping's contribution, this 5 million is really insignificant. The reason why the country set up this award is to tell the world through this example: China respects talents, and China is eager for talents. It has long been self-evident that it is big or small.
Common sense tells us that example can lead the social atmosphere. However, the setting of example must consider the level and realm of most people. If the system is customized for most people according to the standards of a few excellent elements, it is completely castles in the air. Spirit is very important in life, but material is also indispensable. In a pluralistic society, "fish and bear's paw" can often have both. Only the example of reciprocity and win-win can truly lead us to advance morally and in life. (Full text 9
Ode to rules
"If you don't follow the rules, you can't be Fiona Fang." Montessori taught his descendants to remember it carefully and remember it very much, which seemed to give birth to the inviolable truth of rules.
Confucius agreed that good deeds should be rewarded, and those who do good deeds should not suffer. You may think: doing good is good, why not reward it with good? Because it involves not only individuals, but also social interests and moral issues. This is the rule.
"When all norms and taboos do not exist, how far are you from evil?" This is a sentence from the poster of the horror film Hollow Man. When an invisible man faces the opaque world, his sleeping desire begins to wake up, so there is the evil invisible man and this thriller.
There is evil in everyone's heart, and once the shackles that imprison evil are opened, many atrocities will occur in human history. Even when people who are still bound by the rules see that people outside the prison satisfy their desires again and again, they will be eager to become "invisible people".
The suppression of desire comes from morality, which is an idea accumulated by human long-term social activities and knows what to do and what not to do. This is the central way of Confucianism in ancient China, but the ancients said: Without virtue, you will die, and only virtue will be dangerous. In other words, morality without coercion is pale and powerless. From this point of view, "ruling the country according to law" advocated by legalists is an effective and feasible way of social governance, while the so-called "ruling the country by virtue" is just a utopia.
Because of human nature, we can't restrain the derivative of desire and the attack of public opinion, but we can restrain the behavior caused by it. This is the rule. Evil or good in our hearts may subvert a law thousands of times, but punitive rules make accidents impossible, thus forming a legal society. Therefore, we should firmly grasp the standards of the rules and never violate them.
Nathaniel hawthorne wrote: "In a seemingly chaotic world, each of us is placed in a certain position. Once we leave this position, we will be abandoned by this world. " Wakefield violated another rule, a social law, in his works.
As Mr. Spencer said to holden in Good Girl, "Life is a ball game, and we must abide by every rule." Yes, we live in this society. To participate in such a "ball game", only by observing the established "rules" can the "game" be carried out to the end.
Personally, I think I can cut it myself