"At present, great changes have taken place in the internal and external environment of agricultural and rural development, and many new contradictions and problems have emerged." Tang said, "The main reason is that the demand for agricultural products is escalating, and the effective supply can't keep up; The carrying capacity of resources and environment has reached the limit, and green production can't keep up; Foreign low-priced agricultural products have come in, and domestic competitiveness cannot keep up; The traditional motivation for farmers to increase their income has weakened, and the new motivation cannot keep up. "

He believes that the main aspects of contradictions are on the supply side, and structural and institutional contradictions are prominent. To further promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side, we should start from the supply side, work hard on institutional mechanism innovation, and solve these contradictions from the root.

Two departments: structural adjustment and reform

When analyzing the contents of the document, Tang said that the structural reform of the agricultural supply side includes two major sectors: structural adjustment and reform. Among them, the agricultural supply-side structure should promote "three major adjustments"-

Optimize the product structure and highlight the word "excellent". Eliminate ineffective supply, increase effective supply, reduce low-end supply, expand high-end supply, and highlight the production and supply of "excellent" bulk agricultural products and "characteristic advantages" other agricultural products. The document puts forward that it is necessary to adjust the grain planting structure as a whole, develop large-scale and efficient aquaculture, enlarge and strengthen advantageous industries, optimize the regional layout of agriculture, and improve the quality of agricultural products and food safety.

Policy support: cultivate new industries and new formats, and integrate and incite financial funds.

Under the pressure of economic downturn, how to further increase support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers? Tang pointed out two ideas: cultivating and expanding new industries and new formats, and integrating and inciting finance.

He said that the document regards the expansion of new industries and new formats as a major measure to promote reform, and has made a series of policy arrangements in terms of land use, financing, talents and infrastructure.

Highlights: Revitalize collective construction land and build an idyllic complex.

Tang said that emerging industries and new formats such as leisure agriculture, rural tourism and rural pension have strong demand for land. Therefore, the document proposes to save construction land through village renovation and homestead consolidation. Take the form of equity participation and joint venture, and focus on supporting the integration and development of rural leisure tourism, pension industry and rural tertiary industry.

The document emphasizes that it is necessary to conscientiously sum up the experience of the pilot reform of the rural homestead system, implement the collective ownership of the homestead, safeguard the possession and use right of the homestead obtained by farmers according to law, and explore rural collective organizations to revitalize the use of idle farmhouses and homesteads by means of leasing and cooperation to increase farmers' property income.

He pointed out that the use of collective construction land such as homestead should pay attention to two points: it is strictly forbidden to develop real estate or build private manor clubs in violation of laws and regulations; Pay attention to protecting the rights of farmers and rural collective economic organizations and prevent collective assets from being controlled by foreign capital.

In 20 17, the No.1 document of the Central Committee was published, proposing to further promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side.

DocumentNo. Central Committee 14 guiding the work of agriculture, countryside and farmers since the new century was authorized by Xinhua News Agency on the 5th.

This document is entitled "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening the Structural Reform of Agricultural Supply Side and Accelerating the Cultivation of New Kinetic Energy for Agricultural and Rural Development". The full text is about 13000 words, which is divided into 6 parts and 33 articles, including: optimizing the industrial structure of products, focusing on promoting agricultural quality and efficiency; Carry out green production mode and enhance the ability of agricultural sustainable development; Expand new industries and formats, and expand the value chain of agricultural industrial chain; Strengthen the drive of scientific and technological innovation and lead the accelerated development of modern agriculture; Fill in the shortcomings of agriculture and rural areas and consolidate the foundation of rural development; Deepen rural reform and activate the endogenous development momentum of agriculture and rural areas.

The document pointed out that to promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side, on the basis of ensuring national food security, we should closely focus on the changes of market demand, take increasing farmers' income and ensuring effective supply as the main goal, take improving the quality of agricultural supply as the main direction, take institutional reform and mechanism innovation as the fundamental way, optimize agricultural industrial system, production system and management system, improve land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity, and promote agricultural and rural development from over-reliance on resource consumption and mainly meeting demand.

The document emphasizes that it is a long-term process to promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, and there are many major tests to handle the relationship between the government and the market and coordinate the interests of all parties. We must face up to the difficulties and challenges, unswervingly push forward the reform, bravely bear the pain of reform, strive to reduce the cost of reform, actively guard against the risks of reform, and ensure that the grain production capacity will not be reduced, the momentum of increasing farmers' income will not be reversed, and there will be no problems in rural stability.

"In recent years, China has actively explored ways of agricultural transformation, structural adjustment and reform. Although the structural reform of the agricultural supply side has started and made progress, it is necessary to refocus the development goals, clarify the number of work paths, and make more efforts on policy measures. " Tang, deputy head of the Central Rural Work Leading Group and director of the Central Agricultural Office, said, "Only by firmly grasping the main line of promoting the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, being a good vanguard and providing support for the structural reform of the entire supply side can we open up a new realm of agricultural and rural development."