According to the information of the patent application network, copyright transfer is a legal act stipulated in the patent law. Academics and some scholars may transfer their research results to obtain certain economic benefits or protect their intellectual property rights. This behavior itself is not illegal or immoral.

There are the following kinds of academic misconduct:

1, plagiarism: refers to directly copying other people's research results or words into your own research without authorization or citing other people's achievements.

2. Forgery: refers to deliberately forging, tampering or deleting data, charts, experimental results, etc. In the process of research, thus drawing untrue research conclusions.

3. Publishing duplicate papers: refers to publishing published papers again, or publishing papers with the same content in different journals.