The Second World War was caused by the rise of fascism and the rapid spread of the economic crisis in the capitalist world. The reason why Germany launched the war was that "Germany needs wider land and sky." In order to disperse the social contradictions brought about by the domestic economic crisis, Germany launched World War II.
Lack of faith does not explain the problem. Crusaders are in the name of Christianity. Do you know how much the Crusaders have destroyed the world civilization? The main reason why the world war has caused so much harm to the world is that weapons are not the same as the crusades in the past. Take the atomic bomb alone, two atomic bombs killed hundreds of thousands of people in Japan, which was unthinkable in ancient times.
1September 1939 to1September 1945 The Second World War was by far the largest global war in human history. Local wars have been connected since 193 1: Japan invaded northeast China, Italy invaded Ethiopia, and Germany intervened in the Spanish civil war ... While fascist forces have threatened world peace, great powers such as Britain, France and the United States have adopted appeasement policies at the expense of small countries for their own self-interest or connived at aggressors, concocting the Munich crisis; Or pursue a neutral policy and watch the fire from the other side for a long time: the Soviet Union is suspicious of western countries. Although the idea of collective security was put forward, it was aborted because Britain and France lacked sincerity, and later signed a non-aggression treaty with Germany. If aggression is stopped, a new world war will be inevitable. At the beginning of the war, the fascist axis countries were aggressive: Poland, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium and even France surrendered one after another; Germany attacked Britain and the Soviet Union on a large scale, and Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, which spread the war to the Pacific Ocean. Anti-fascist countries gradually United among countries that opposed fascism, and formally formed an anti-fascist alliance in 1942. After a bloody battle, the offensive momentum of the Axis countries was contained, and after a series of turning wars such as the Battle of Midway, the Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Stalingrad, the situation turned in favor of the anti-fascist alliance. The landing in Sicily contributed to Italy's surrender, and the landing in Normandy trapped German fascists on both sides. 1On May 8, 945, Germany signed an unconditional surrender. 1945 15 In August, Japan announced its surrender, and on September 2, it formally signed the unconditional surrender. World War II ended in the complete failure of fascism. World War II had a far-reaching impact. The Yalta system it laid has stipulated a new pattern of international relations, and the United Nations it established is still in operation today.
1, the cause of the outbreak of World War II. (1) The Versailles-Washington system laid the bane of war. World War II is the product of the unbalanced development of capitalist politics and economy, and it is also an irreconcilable contradiction between big countries. The Versailles-Washington system did not solve the contradiction between imperialism, but implied the contradiction between the victorious country, the victorious country and the defeated country, which was "peace built on the crater". (2) The world economic crisis from1929 to 1933 is a hotbed of war. The world economic crisis from 1929 to 1933 aggravated the tension of the world situation, and the contradiction between imperialist countries became more acute. (3) Fascism appeared on the international stage and launched a war. In the face of the serious political crisis caused by the economic crisis, Germany and Japan established fascist dictatorship, and the cradle of the Eurasian war was formed. In the process of division and combination of the capitalist world, a fascist aggression alliance was formed. (4) The appeasement policy is the catalyst of war. Britain, France and the United States pursued the policy of appeasement for a long time, and the Munich crisis reached its peak, which made the world anti-fascist forces slack, condoned fascist aggression and encouraged it. (5) The anti-fascist alliance was not established in time, which was conducive to the fascist expanding the war. After the failure of efforts to establish collective security, the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression treaty with Germany for self-protection. (6) Local wars broke out and gradually escalated, eventually turning into world wars. 2. About the "appeasement policy". "appeasement policy" refers to the policy of appeasement, concession, compromise and connivance adopted by western countries represented by Britain and France against the aggression and expansion of German, Italian and Japanese fascist countries before the full-scale outbreak of the Second World War. Its main contents include two aspects: one is to protect its vested interests at the expense of other countries; First, lead the disaster to the east and sacrifice the Soviet Union, so that there will be no war in Western Europe. The essence of "appeasement policy" is to meet the aggression requirements of fascist countries at the expense of local interests and the interests of weak countries, aim the fascist aggression at the socialist Soviet Union as much as possible, and ease the contradictions between imperialist countries. The main executors of "appeasement policy" are Britain and France, and the neutrality of the United States is essentially appeasement. The appeasement policy pursued by Britain and France has a complicated historical origin and background. The greatest influence of "appeasement policy" is to encourage the aggression of fascist countries and accelerate the outbreak of World War II. Britain and France, the main executors of appeasement policy, were attacked by German fascists at the beginning of World War II, and France even died, which was the direct result of its long-term appeasement policy. h
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3. Reasons for the decline of France. As a big country, France was quickly defeated at the beginning of World War II. In short, there are five reasons: a, the Germans invaded France by bypassing maginot line; B, France's passive defense: C, the French government has long pursued the policy of appeasement, shooting itself in the foot and reaping the consequences; D, Italy grabs fire; The traitor surrendered. 4. Why did Japan launch the Pacific War? Generally speaking, there are four reasons: (1) Japan is an island country with poor resources and a small domestic market. This objective restriction of geographical environment and economic development makes some fanatical militarists believe that only by defeating and conquering other countries can Japan develop and grow. (2) This is the inevitable result of the competition between Japan and the United States for focusing on China in the Asia-Pacific region. As early as the end of 19, Japan and the United States began to compete for hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region. 1940, Japan officially launched the so-called "Greater East Asia * * * Glory Circle" plan, and made every effort to establish hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region, seriously damaging the vested interests of the United States and Britain in this region. (3) The need of war economy is the economic root of Japan's Pacific War. Japan's national strength can't stand the long-term war consumption. With the continuous expansion of the war, Japanese imperialism has invested more and more manpower, material resources and financial resources in the battlefield in China, and a large number of strategic materials such as oil, tin and rubber can be obtained by launching the Pacific War "southward". The trade embargo imposed on Japan by Britain, the United States and other countries has dealt a heavy blow to Japan, which relies heavily on the import of strategic materials, and prompted Japan to make up its mind to "fight the last battle against the United States." (4) Germany's victory and offensive in the European battlefield objectively encouraged Japan's aggression and became the external motivation for Japan to launch the Pacific War. *
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5. About the establishment of the world anti-fascist alliance. Root cause: With the expansion of fascist aggression, the contradiction between the people of the world and fascism has intensified. Specific reasons: The outbreak of the Soviet-German War and the Pacific War accelerated the establishment of the world anti-fascist alliance. Process: From 65438 to 0939, the United States adjusted its "neutrality" policy and strengthened its assistance to anti-fascist countries such as Britain; 194 1 In August, Roosevelt and Churchill met in the Atlantic Ocean and published the Atlantic Charter, advocating freedom and peace and opposing aggression. At the same time, the United States and Britain strengthened their assistance to the Soviet Union: 1942 In early 1942, 26 countries including China, the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union signed the United Nations Declaration in Washington, D.C., and all countries promised. Influence: It has strengthened the strength of anti-fascist countries, inspired the people of the world to fight against fascism and accelerated the victory of the world anti-fascist war. t！
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6. Comparison between the two world wars. Similarity: (1) The roots of the two world wars are the same. It is all because of the unbalanced economic and political development of imperialism, which leads to the hegemony of great powers and then to the world war. (2) During the two world wars, there were two political and military groups. World War I was divided into allies and allies, and World War II was divided into the fascist axis alliance and the world anti-fascist alliance. (3) Impact: Both world wars have caused serious damage and disaster to mankind; Both world wars dealt a heavy blow to international imperialism, especially weakened the hegemonic position of imperialist countries; Both world wars promoted the development and growth of socialist forces. World War I produced the first socialist country in the world. After World War II, the political influence and military power of the Soviet Union increased, and socialism went beyond the scope of a country, forming the Eastern Group. After the two world wars, there was a climax of the Asian-African national liberation movement. Difference: (1) The two world wars broke out in different backgrounds. Before the outbreak of World War I, it was mainly the sharp contradiction between imperialist countries around the struggle for colonial sphere of influence and world hegemony; Before the outbreak of World War II, the contradictions were complicated, mainly in three aspects: the contradiction between Germany, Italy and Japan and fascism, and the contradiction between Britain, France and the United States and other countries that benefited from the Versailles-Washington system. (2) During the Second World War, German and Japanese fascists pursued a shameless policy of genocide, and the use of this cruel means of war was an important feature of different world wars. (3) The nature of the two world wars was different. World War I was an imperialist war and World War II was a world anti-fascist war. (4) World War II objectively promoted the rapid development of science and technology. The third scientific and technological revolution marked by atomic energy technology, aerospace technology and computer application began in the 1940s and 1950s.
The establishment of the anti-fascist alliance, the turning point of European battlefield victory is the victory of Stalingrad defense war! The Soviet Red Army successfully defended the Soviet Union and wiped out the Germans, thus turning Germany from an offensive state to a defensive state! Later, the United States and Britain landed in Normandy! Opened up a second front! Accelerated the demise of Germany!
In the Asian battlefield, first of all, China contained 70% of Japanese troops. Later, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and made the United States declare war on Japan! In the US-Japan naval battle, the Midway naval battle is very important! The result is a victory for America! And the Soviet Union, Germany defeated, the Soviet Union turned its guns and declared war on Japan, sent troops to the northeast of China, and wiped out 700,000 Kwantung Army! China's big counterattack, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Japan in August 1945, which made the Japanese people more resistant to the war! Many factors accelerated Japan's defeat!