Proving the truth of an argument is called making a thesis; Arguing the fallacy of an argument is called refuting an argument. The main characteristics of argumentative writing
1, the main expression of argumentative writing is discussion, that is, using concepts, judgments and reasoning to show the author's point of view and clarify the truth; Or refute other people's wrong views on performance and point out their fallacies. So, it is convincing.
2. The basic structure of argumentative writing consists of three parts: argument, argument and demonstration, which is called "three elements" of argumentative writing.
3. The main language of argumentative writing is argumentative writing. At the same time, narrative, explanation and lyricism are also available, all of which serve the discussion. The language of argumentative writing pays attention to abstraction, generality and preciseness, and its expression requires accuracy, pertinence and distinctiveness.
In the reading of argumentative essays, the selection of essays focuses on articles with humanistic colors, such as educating students in personality, thought, quality and psychology. Subjective questions dominate and open questions are also being tried.
Question 2: What kinds of arguments are there? Logical argument
Factual argument
Example parameters
Logical argument
Metaphorical argument
comparison and demonstration
Question 3: What are the two kinds of arguments in argumentative writing? They are the materials to support the argument, the reasons used by the author to prove the argument and the basis of 1 Factual argumentation: Facts play an obvious role in argumentation. Analyze the facts, see the truth clearly, and check whether it is consistent with the logic of the article. Representative examples, conclusive data, reliable historical facts, etc. ) 2. Reasoning: The reason as an argument is always familiar to readers or generally recognized by society, and it is the result of abstracting and summarizing a large number of facts.
Question 4: What are the basic knowledge of argumentation?
Argument, argument and argument are the three elements of argumentative writing. Argument is soul, argument is flesh and blood, and argument is skeleton. Argumentation is to solve the problem of what to prove, argument is to solve the problem of what to prove, and argument is to solve the problem of how to prove. The three are closely related and can form a complete demonstration process. _
Three elements of argumentative writing: arguments and arguments
Argument: Argument is the viewpoint to be discussed and expounded in the article, and it is the viewpoint and proposition to be expressed by the author. When reading an argumentative essay, the first thing is to find, extract and understand the arguments of the article.
There are several parameters: an article can have one or more parameters. If there is more than one argument, it is necessary to clarify the central argument. These arguments can be parallel or progressive, but they all obey the central argument of the whole paper.
Position of argument: the argument of an article can be arranged at the beginning, middle or end of the article, that is, it can be arranged anywhere in the article, but it is often at the beginning of the article, and so is the argument of a paragraph.
Presentation of arguments: some argumentative arguments are expressed in clear sentences in the article, and we only need to find them out; Others are not directly expressed in clear sentences and need to be refined and summarized by readers themselves.
Pay attention to the proposition and establishment of the argument:
_ _ _ (1) correctness. The persuasiveness of an argument is rooted in the correct reflection of objective things, and the correct reflection of objective things depends on whether the author's position, viewpoint, attitude and method are correct. If the argument itself is incorrect, even lies and fallacies, no amount of arguments can convince people. Therefore, the correctness of the argument is the minimum requirement for argumentative writing.
_ _ _ (2) Significance. What is for and against should be very clear, not ambiguous.
_ _ _ (3) Novelty. The argument should be as original and profound as possible, and can transcend other people's views. It should not repeat other people's platitudes, nor should it be irrelevant. It should be as original and original as possible.
Argument: Argument is the material and foundation to prove an argument.
Types of arguments: ① factual materials, ② theoretical materials.
(1) The factual materials used as arguments can be A. Specific cases B. Summarized facts C. Statistical data D. Personal experiences and feelings.
_ _ _ _ (2) As the theoretical material for argument, it can be A. Classic works of predecessors, wise sayings B. Folk proverbs, common sayings C. Scientific axioms, laws and so on.
Requirements for using parameters:
① certainty. We must choose those hard and typical facts. When citing theoretical materials that have been tested by practice as arguments, we must pay attention to the exact meaning of the cited theory itself.
(2) typicality. The cited examples should be widely representative, representing the general characteristics and nature of such things. (ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign)
The unity of argument and argument. The argument is to prove the argument, so the two should be closely related.
Argumentation: Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments.
The argument of argumentative writing is to solve what to prove and what to demonstrate.
Proof is to solve something, and argument is to solve something such as
How to demonstrate. The self-purpose of demonstration is to reveal
The inherent logical relationship between arguments and arguments.
Common argumentation methods are as follows.
A. Example method: it is a method to prove the correctness of an argument with convincing typical examples. It is widely used in argumentative writing to prove the correctness of an argument with real and typical facts. This method plays the role of putting facts, reasoning and convincing people. The main point of this method is: first put forward an argument, and then demonstrate it one by one.
. B argument (citation method); The truth used must be tested by practice, and its correctness has been recognized by people. Including famous sayings of celebrities, ancient poems and famous sentences, common sayings, proverbs and epigrams that reflect scientific laws, etc. Because these cited arguments are universally recognized thinking achievements, they can profoundly reflect the essence of things, and have been proved by countless facts, which is very convincing.
C metaphorical argument: in argumentative writing, metaphor can make the argument easier to understand, more interesting and more easily recognized by readers.
D. Contrastive argument: Compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, so as to deny the wrong argument and establish the correct argument. In contrast, the difference between right and wrong, right and wrong, new and old may be very obvious.
(7) Linguistic features of argumentative essays: ... >>
Question 5: What kind of argumentative essays are divided into standing essays and refuting essays?
Proving the truth of an argument is called making a thesis; Arguing the fallacy of an argument is called refuting an argument. The main characteristics of argumentative writing
1, the main expression of argumentative writing is discussion, that is, using concepts, judgments and reasoning to show the author's point of view and clarify the truth; Or refute other people's wrong views on performance and point out their fallacies. So, it is convincing.
2. The basic structure of argumentative writing consists of three parts: argument, argument and demonstration, which is called "three elements" of argumentative writing.
3. The main language of argumentative writing is argumentative writing. At the same time, narrative, explanation and lyricism are also available, all of which serve the discussion. The language of argumentative writing pays attention to abstraction, generality and preciseness, and its expression requires accuracy, pertinence and distinctiveness.
In the reading of argumentative essays, the selection of essays focuses on articles with humanistic colors, such as educating students in personality, thought, quality and psychology. Subjective questions dominate and open questions are also being tried.
Question 6: What kinds of arguments are there? Logical argument
Factual argument
Example parameters
Logical argument
Metaphorical argument
comparison and demonstration
Question 7: What are the two kinds of arguments in argumentative writing? They are the materials to support the argument, the reasons used by the author to prove the argument and the basis of 1 Fact demonstration: the role of facts in argumentative writing is obvious. Analyze the facts, see the truth clearly, and check whether it is consistent with the logic of the article. Representative examples, conclusive data, reliable historical facts, etc. ) 2. Reasoning: The reason as an argument is always familiar to readers or generally recognized by society, and it is the result of abstracting and summarizing a large number of facts.
Question 8: What are the basic knowledge of argumentation?
Argument, argument and argument are the three elements of argumentative writing. Argument is soul, argument is flesh and blood, and argument is skeleton. Argumentation is to solve the problem of what to prove, argument is to solve the problem of what to prove, and argument is to solve the problem of how to prove. The three are closely related and can form a complete demonstration process. _
Three elements of argumentative writing: arguments and arguments
Argument: Argument is the viewpoint to be discussed and expounded in the article, and it is the viewpoint and proposition to be expressed by the author. When reading an argumentative essay, the first thing is to find, extract and understand the arguments of the article.
There are several parameters: an article can have one or more parameters. If there is more than one argument, it is necessary to clarify the central argument. These arguments can be parallel or progressive, but they all obey the central argument of the whole paper.
Position of argument: the argument of an article can be arranged at the beginning, middle or end of the article, that is, it can be arranged anywhere in the article, but it is often at the beginning of the article, and so is the argument of a paragraph.
Presentation of arguments: some argumentative arguments are expressed in clear sentences in the article, and we only need to find them out; Others are not directly expressed in clear sentences and need to be refined and summarized by readers themselves.
Pay attention to the proposition and establishment of the argument:
_ _ _ (1) correctness. The persuasiveness of an argument is rooted in the correct reflection of objective things, and the correct reflection of objective things depends on whether the author's position, viewpoint, attitude and method are correct. If the argument itself is incorrect, even lies and fallacies, no amount of arguments can convince people. Therefore, the correctness of the argument is the minimum requirement for argumentative writing.
_ _ _ (2) Significance. What is for and against should be very clear, not ambiguous.
_ _ _ (3) Novelty. The argument should be as original and profound as possible, and can transcend other people's views. It should not repeat other people's platitudes, nor should it be irrelevant. It should be as original and original as possible.
Argument: Argument is the material and foundation to prove an argument.
Types of arguments: ① factual materials, ② theoretical materials.
(1) The factual materials used as arguments can be A. Specific cases B. Summarized facts C. Statistical data D. Personal experiences and feelings.
_ _ _ _ (2) As the theoretical material for argument, it can be A. Classic works of predecessors, wise sayings B. Folk proverbs, common sayings C. Scientific axioms, laws and so on.
Requirements for using parameters:
① certainty. We must choose those hard and typical facts. When citing theoretical materials that have been tested by practice as arguments, we must pay attention to the exact meaning of the cited theory itself.
(2) typicality. The cited examples should be widely representative, representing the general characteristics and nature of such things. (ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign)
The unity of argument and argument. The argument is to prove the argument, so the two should be closely related.
Argumentation: Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments.
The argument of argumentative writing is to solve what to prove and what to demonstrate.
Proof is to solve something, and argument is to solve something such as
How to demonstrate. The self-purpose of demonstration is to reveal
The inherent logical relationship between arguments and arguments.
Common argumentation methods are as follows.
A. Example method: it is a method to prove the correctness of an argument with convincing typical examples. It is widely used in argumentative writing to prove the correctness of an argument with real and typical facts. This method plays the role of putting facts, reasoning and convincing people. The main point of this method is: first put forward an argument, and then demonstrate it one by one.
. B argument (citation method); The truth used must be tested by practice, and its correctness has been recognized by people. Including famous sayings of celebrities, ancient poems and famous sentences, common sayings, proverbs and epigrams that reflect scientific laws, etc. Because these cited arguments are universally recognized thinking achievements, they can profoundly reflect the essence of things, and have been proved by countless facts, which is very convincing.
C metaphorical argument: in argumentative writing, metaphor can make the argument easier to understand, more interesting and more easily recognized by readers.
D. Contrastive argument: Compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, so as to deny the wrong argument and establish the correct argument. In contrast, the difference between right and wrong, right and wrong, new and old may be very obvious.
(7) Linguistic features of argumentative essays: ... >>