This paper discusses the important role of mechatronics technology in changing the overall appearance of machinery manufacturing industry, and explains its application and development trend in iron and steel industry.

Keywords application of mechatronics technology

1 development of mechatronics technology

Mechatronics is the cross-integration of mechanics, microelectronics, control, computer, information processing and other disciplines. Its development and progress depend on the progress and development of related technologies. Its main development direction is digitalization, intelligence, modularization, networking, humanization, miniaturization, integration, integration and greening.

1. 1 digitization

Microcontroller and its development have laid the foundation for the digitalization of electromechanical products, such as the continuous development of CNC machine tools and robots; The rapid rise of computer network paves the way for digital design and manufacturing, such as virtual design and computer integrated manufacturing. Digitalization requires the software of mechatronics products to have high reliability, easy operation, maintainability, self-diagnosis ability and friendly man-machine interface. The realization of digitalization will be beneficial to remote operation, diagnosis and maintenance.

1.2 intelligence

In other words, mechanical and electrical products are required to have certain intelligence, so that they have the ability of logical thinking, judgment and reasoning, independent decision-making and so on. It will bring great convenience to use, operate and maintain if the man-machine conversation function is added to the NC machine tool and the intelligent I/O interface and intelligent process database are set up. With the progress and development of artificial intelligence technology such as fuzzy control, neural network, grey theory, wavelet theory, chaos and bifurcation, it has opened up a broad world for the development of mechatronics technology.

1.3 modularization

Due to the wide variety of mechatronics products and numerous manufacturers, it is a complex and promising work to research and develop mechatronics product unit modules with standard mechanical interface, power interface and environmental interface. For example, develop a power drive unit that integrates deceleration and variable frequency motors; Motor integrated control unit with vision, image processing, recognition and ranging functions. In this way, in product development and design, these standard modular units can be used to quickly develop new products.

1.4 networking

Due to the popularity of the network, various remote control and monitoring technologies based on the network are in the ascendant. The remote control terminal equipment itself is a mechatronics product. Fieldbus and LAN technology make it possible to network household appliances. Using home network to connect various household appliances into a computer-centered integrated household appliance system, people can fully enjoy the benefits brought by various high technologies at home. Therefore, mechatronics products should undoubtedly develop to the network.

1.5 Humanization

The end user of mechatronics products is people. How to endow mechatronics products with human intelligence, emotion and humanity is becoming more and more important. In addition to perfect performance, mechatronics products also require harmony with the environment in color and modeling. Using these products is still an artistic enjoyment for people. For example, the highest realm of home robots is man-machine integration.

1.6 miniaturization

Miniaturization is the necessity of the development of fine machining technology and the need to improve efficiency. Micro-electronic mechanical systems (MEMS for short) refer to micro devices or systems that can be manufactured in batches and integrate micro-mechanisms, micro-sensors, micro-actuators, signal processing and control circuits until interfaces, communication and power supply are equal. Since 1986, when Stanford University developed the first medical microprobe and 1988, when the University of California, Berkeley developed the first micromotor, great progress has been made in the research of MEMS technology, materials and micromechanics at home and abroad, and various MEMS devices and systems have been developed, such as various micro-sensors (pressure sensors, micro-accelerometers and micro-tactile sensors) and various micro-components (micro-sensors).

1.7 integration

Integration not only includes the mutual penetration and integration of various technologies and the optimization and compounding of different structures of various products, but also includes the synchronous processing of processing, assembly, testing and management in the production process. In order to realize the automation and high efficiency of multi-variety and small batch production, the system should be more flexible. First of all, the system can be decomposed into several levels, so that the system functions are dispersed and all parts can run in harmony and safety. Then, all levels are organically linked through software and hardware, so that they have the best performance and the strongest function.

1.8 band source

Refers to electromechanical integration products with their own energy sources, such as solar cells, fuel cells and large-capacity batteries. Because electric energy is not used in many occasions, it has unique benefits to bring its own power source to the moving mechatronics products. With light source is one of the development directions of mechatronics products.

1.9 Greening

The development of science and technology has brought great changes to people's lives. While being rich in materials, it also brings the consequences of decreasing resources and deteriorating ecological environment. Therefore, people call for protecting the environment, returning to nature and realizing sustainable development, and the concept of green products comes into being. Green products refer to products with low energy consumption, low material consumption, low pollution, comfort, coordination and renewable utilization. The design, manufacture, use and destruction of mechatronics products shall meet the requirements of environmental protection and human health. The greening of mechatronics products mainly means that they do not pollute the ecological environment when used, and the products can be decomposed and recycled at the end of their lives.

2 application of mechatronics technology in iron and steel enterprises

In iron and steel enterprises, electromechanical integration system is based on microprocessor, which organically combines microcomputer, industrial computer, data communication, display device, instrument and other technologies, and adopts the method of assembly and merger, which creates powerful conditions for the comprehensive integration of large-scale engineering systems and enhances the control accuracy, quality and reliability of the system. Electromechanical integration technology is mainly used in the following aspects in iron and steel enterprises:

2. 1 Intelligent control technology (integrated circuit)

Because the iron and steel industry has the characteristics of large-scale, high-speed and continuous, the traditional control technology has encountered insurmountable difficulties, so it is very necessary to adopt intelligent control technology. Intelligent control technology mainly includes expert system, fuzzy control and neural network. Intelligent control technology is widely used in product design, production, control, equipment and product quality diagnosis of iron and steel enterprises, such as blast furnace control system, electric furnace and continuous casting workshop, steel rolling system, steelmaking-continuous casting-steel rolling integrated scheduling system, cold continuous rolling and so on.

2.2 Distributed Control System (DCS)

The distributed control system uses a central computer to command multiple control-oriented field measurement and control computers and intelligent control units. The distributed control system can be two-stage, three-stage or more. Centralized monitoring, operation, management and decentralized control of production process by computer. With the development of measurement and control technology, distributed control system has more and more functions. It can not only realize the control of production process, but also realize the functions of online optimization, real-time scheduling and statistical management of production plan, and become a system integrating measurement, control and management. DCS has the characteristics of diversified control functions, simple operation, extensible system, convenient maintenance and high reliability. DCS is centralized in monitoring and decentralized in control, and the fault affected area is small. In addition, the system has interlock protection function and adopts manual operation measures of system fault control, which makes the system have high reliability. Compared with centralized control system, distributed control system has stronger functions and higher security. It is the main trend of large electromechanical integration system at present.

2.3 open control system (OCS)

Open control system is a new concept of structural system introduced with the development of computer technology. "Openness" refers to the understanding and support of standard information exchange rules. The system designed according to this standard can realize the compatibility and exchange of products from different manufacturers and share resources. The open control system interconnects all kinds of control equipment and management computer through industrial communication network, realizing the integration of control and management, management and decision-making, and interconnecting field instruments and control equipment in the control room through field bus, realizing the integration of measurement and control.

2.4 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)

CIMS of iron and steel enterprises integrates people with production management, production management and process control, and realizes comprehensive integrated control of the whole production process from raw materials entering the factory, production and processing to product delivery. At present, iron and steel enterprises have basically realized process automation, but this "isolated island of automation" lacks the enjoyment of information resources and the unified management of production process, which is difficult to meet the requirements of modern iron and steel production. In the future, the focus of competition among iron and steel enterprises will be multi-variety and small batch production, high quality and low price, and timely delivery. In order to improve productivity, save energy and reduce consumption, reduce personnel and existing inventory, accelerate capital turnover and realize the overall optimization of production and operation management, the key is to strengthen management, obtain necessary economic benefits and improve the competitiveness of enterprises. Some large iron and steel enterprises such as the United States and Japan have generally realized CIMS in the 1980s.

2.5 Fieldbus Technology (FBT)

Fieldbus technology is a digital, bidirectional and multi-station communication link, which connects the field instrument group and the control equipment group in the control room. Replacing the current signal transmission technology (such as 4 ~ 20 mA, DC transmission) with field bus technology can make more information transmitted in two directions between the intelligent field instrument device and the superior control system on the same communication medium. Through field bus connection, 66% or more field signal connection lines can be omitted. The introduction of fieldbus has led to the transformation of DCS, and a new generation of fieldbus instruments have been developed around the open automation system, such as intelligent transmitter, intelligent actuator, fieldbus detection instrument, fieldbus PLC (programmable logic controller) and field local control station.

2.6 AC drive technology

Transmission technology plays a vital role in iron and steel industry. With the development of power electronics and microelectronics technology, AC speed regulation technology has developed very rapidly. Due to the superiority of AC drive, DC drive will be completely replaced by AC drive in the near future. With the development of digital technology, compound vector control technology has been applied in practice, and the speed regulation performance of AC speed regulation system has reached or exceeded the level of DC speed regulation. At present, both large-capacity motors and small and medium-capacity motors can adopt synchronous motors or asynchronous motors to realize reversible smooth speed regulation. Ac drive system has been welcomed by users as soon as it appeared in steel rolling production, and its application scope has been expanding continuously.

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