How Steel was Tempered shows a revolutionary soldier's heroic spirit of overcoming disease and never giving up. With great artistic appeal, he reproduces the real picture of how the first generation of Soviet youth league members overcame all kinds of difficulties in life and worked hard to realize the socialist ideal. Pavel Colta, the hero, is the youngest son of a poor worker's family in a small town in Ukraine. My father died young, my mother worked as a cook in a rich man's house, and my brother Aerjiaom was a railway worker. Suffering from exploitation and oppression of the people by the capitalist system. After dropping out of school, he worked as a waiter in the station canteen and a worker in a power plant. Later, he met tonya, the daughter of a forestry official. Low social status and miserable life have developed an indomitable character. After the October Revolution broke out, the red regime was besieged by foreign forces and domestic reactionaries: the political situation in Ukraine was also unprecedented, and Paul met Zhu through his brother. Zhu is an old Bolshevik who stayed in the town when the Red Army retreated. He Zhu came to teach Paul boxing and cultivated Paul's pure revolutionary enthusiasm. Once, Paul was put in prison for saving Zhu. Then the stupid enemy quickly misplaced him: Paul jumped into Tonya's garden after he got out of prison. Tonia likes Paul who is enthusiastic, stubborn and strong-willed. Paul was also deeply attracted by tonia. tonia was beautiful, neat and elegant, and didn't look down on workers like other rich children. Later, under the influence of Zhu, Paul joined the Red Army. He became one of the bravest soldiers in the famous budyonny cavalry division. He and his comrades once charged the enemy 17 times a day. After the battle, he also likes to read novels such as The Gadfly and Spartacus, and tells them to his comrades whenever he has time. In a fierce battle, he was seriously injured in the head and was taken to the hospital. After leaving the hospital, Paul stayed with a relative in Tonya. He was blind in one eye and couldn't go back to the front, but he immediately threw himself into all kinds of hard work in the local area. Once attending a party of workers' comrades, Paul was laughed at and ridiculed by the workers because he went with tonia, and tonia was dressed beautifully and neatly. Paul realized that tonia was not in the same class as himself, so he made up his mind to break up their relationship. In order to supply urban timber, Paul took part in railway construction. Autumn rain, mud, heavy snow and frozen soil, the working conditions are getting worse and worse, and the harassment, disease and hunger of armed bandits are also threatening Paul and his comrades. However, the railway was completed as scheduled, and Zhu, who has been promoted to the position of member of the provincial party committee, was deeply moved by their revolutionary enthusiasm, saying that "this is how steel is tempered". Because of his outstanding achievements, Paul was appointed secretary of the Youth League Committee of a railway factory. Lida, a female political commissar, often helps Paul improve his consciousness and do a good job. Paul gradually fell in love with Rita, but gave up his second budding love on the grounds of revolution. Paul was hospitalized again because of typhoid fever. He got pneumonia and was cured, but the doctor found a fatal contusion left by shrapnel on his spine. During his illness in his hometown, Paul went to the tomb of Letu to mourn his comrades. He was filled with emotion, and issued a touching and inspiring rhetoric: "The most precious thing for people is life. Everyone has only one life. A person's life should be spent like this: when recalling the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of being mediocre; On his deathbed, he can say, "All my life and energy have been dedicated to the greatest cause in the world-the struggle for human liberation." After recovering from his illness, Paul devoted himself to revolutionary work: in his work, he resolutely fought against all kinds of non-mainstream ideas and "bad styles". He was very saddened by the "deterioration" of his comrade-in-arms Du Bawa and resolutely criticized ... Paul's physique was getting worse and worse. 1924, the party organization had to unload all the burdens on him and let him rest for a long time. His eyesight is getting worse and worse. While recuperating at the seaside, Paul met Daya, the youngest daughter of a worker's family. At Daya's home, Paul encouraged Daya to rebel against her stubborn father and led her to join the Soviet Union. Dia and Paul are married. 1927, Paul was completely paralyzed and then went blind. He was once discouraged and lost the belief in living, but his strong revolutionary belief helped him out of the trough. Under extremely difficult conditions, Paul began his literary creation. 1934, with the help of his mother, wife and comrades-in-arms, his first novella Born in the Storm was finally published! Paul is glad that he has a new revolutionary weapon-writing.

Main character

Pavel Colta King (nickname: Paul Fu Lusha, commonly known as Bao) Sheresha Bruzak-Paul's childhood friend, Red Army soldier, * * * Communist Youth League Secretary Walia Brou Zach-Sheryosha's sister, * * Communist Youth League member Lida Ustinovich-Red Army Division Political Department staff, * * Communist Youth League Standing Committee member, Paul's true love Ivan Zarki. Nikolai okunev, secretary of the Youth League Committee of the freight station, fyodor Zhu, secretary of the Youth League Committee in the hangar, sailor, underground worker of the Party, chairman of the provincial committee for eliminating counter-revolutionaries, deputy director of the military secret service, Linnik, carpenter and underground worker of the Party. Achim, Chairman of the Municipal Revolutionary Committee and Secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee, tokarev, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Communist Youth League, Alexander Puzyrevski, Old Fiddler, Captain of the Road Construction Team and Secretary of the District Party Committee, Levkin Neo, Head of the Red Army, Old Bolshevik Aljim Kochakin, Paul's brother, Fiddler, Politowski, Chairman of the Municipal Soviet Union, father of train driver Brouzet Zack zahar Brou Zack, and Maria Yakovlev, deputy train driver, Paul's mother, the cook of the tax official, the faithful believer Daya Kochakina (nicknamed Dayusha), the female worker, Tonya Du Man Nova, Paul's wife, the daughter of the forestry official, Dmitry Dubava, the first love of Paul, the secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee, Trotsky Volodya Tufta, the director of the registration and distribution department of the Communist Youth League Committee, and Trotsky.

Character image

Paul-The greatest achievement of the novel How Steel was Tempered is to successfully create a typical image of a new capitalist Paul Kochakin, who was trained by the Bolshevik Party and tempered in a revolutionary bonfire and hard environment. He wrote a magnificent poem for the party and the people with his class stand of distinguishing love from hatred, lofty moral outlook, high revolutionary passion, magical vitality and iron will. Paul is a self-conscious and selfless revolutionary fighter. He always puts the interests of the party and the motherland first. In the war years of blood and fire, Paul and his brothers galloped on the battlefield together, tried to defend the Soviet regime, fought bloody battles with foreign armed interveners and the white bandit troops, and showed the spirit of being willing to sacrifice for the revolutionary cause. In those difficult years of healing the wounds of war and restoring the national economy, he devoted himself to peaceful labor with all his enthusiasm. Although he used to be an iron horse with blood, he didn't take credit and didn't consider personal fame and fortune. He just wants to do more for the party and the people. The party asked him to build the railway, and he went; The party asked him to be a league cadre, and he went, and he gave his life to do it. He can even sacrifice love for the revolution. He loved Ada, but influenced by the gadfly, he wanted to "devote himself completely to the revolutionary cause", so he left without saying goodbye in the form of gadfly. After paralysis and blindness, all he needs in life is to continue working for the party. As he said, "all my life and energy have been dedicated to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind!" " "Paul is a staunch revolutionary fighter, who has withstood the severe test in all aspects of life. He would rather die than surrender in the face of the enemy's torture; On the battlefield of bullets, he went forward bravely; In the struggle against diseases that devoured life, he discouraged death many times and created a miracle of "coming back to life". In particular, he struggled to climb the palace of art from the time of his death, showing the highest realm that a revolutionary soldier's iron will can reach. Paul is also a hero who sees greatness from the ordinary. There is nothing earth-shattering in his resume. He always starts with the most common things. Faced with the heavy blow of the disease, he also had the idea of suicide. It was in his heroic passion to fight the disease that he contained the danger of "Left" infantilism. Paul finally realized that his behavior of not caring for his body could not be called heroic behavior, but willfulness and irresponsibility. Therefore, Paul is great and ordinary. He is an iron warrior who gradually matured in the fire of revolution. He is a true and affectionate role model. Paul's personality: the spirit of self-sacrifice, tenacious will and unshakable faith. Paul's spirit is tenacious, persistent, hardworking, enterprising, brave and dedicated. Paul is also a typical autobiographical image based on the author himself. The author describes Paul according to his own life experience and real feelings. So Paul's touching story is not an artistic fiction, but basically a true story, which is more touching because it is true. However, the author opposes to regard this novel as the author's autobiography completely, because "this is a novel, not a biography". He concentrated the thoughts and personality characteristics of many similar figures in his contemporaries on Paul in a typical way. He said: "In this book, I am not writing about Paul Kochakin alone, but about millions of men and women who are searching for gold and fighting for their own happiness! "Paul's image is both autobiographical and sketchy. He is the most brilliant and typical representative of the socialist young generation. Paul's first love, tonia, is the daughter of a forestry official. She is pure, kind and beautiful. She once introduced the novel The Gadfly to Paul. The book inspired his thoughts. She met Paul Kochakin by chance. Because of his stubbornness and enthusiasm, she unconsciously likes and loves him. However, due to the class background, she did not participate in the great struggle to defend the Soviet regime like many young people at that time. Zhu-* * party member, a strong Red Army soldier, is brave and good at leading and organizing the masses. He united the broad masses of workers well in the revolutionary struggle and educated countless young people. Paul grew up under his education and training. Aerjiaom-he is Paul's brother, a train driver, a locksmith, and the chairman of the municipal Soviet Union. He has the noble qualities of the working class and fought tirelessly with the enemy. He is Zhu's best assistant. Rita, an excellent party member, is the real love of Paul. She is beautiful and witty, dressed simply and capable, and her heart is kind and firm. She loves her work, is good at making suggestions, can actively respond to emergencies, and does not let personal feelings affect the overall situation of her work. She has a clear love and hate, loves the materialism she believes in, and is like-minded and tacit with Paul. The theme of How Steel was Tempered is an excellent novel that describes the growth process of new people and reveals their excellent qualities. When a British journalist asked the author why he named this book How Steel was Tempered, ostrovsky replied, "Steel is cast and quenched in fire. Only in this way can we become hard and not afraid of anything. Our generation was also tempered in such struggles and arduous tests, and learned not to be decadent in front of life. " This title vividly summarizes the ideological content he wants to express; The growth path and ideological character of my generation. The novel tells people through Paul's growth path that only by defeating the enemy and himself in the hardships of the revolution and linking his pursuit with the interests of the motherland and the people can he create miracles and grow into an iron warrior. Revolutionaries are tempered into steel in struggle, which is an important theme of the novel. By revealing Paul's resolute character of daring to overcome any difficulties and hardships for the cause of the party and the people, the novel vividly tells the younger generation what is the proletarian ideal and how to work hard for it. What kind of life revolutionary soldiers should lead is another theme of the novel. What Paul said when he mourned the cemetery of his female comrade-in-arms Valia was a confession of his materialistic outlook on life and an exposition of the theme of the novel: "Life is the most precious thing for people, and life is only once for us. This is how people should spend their lives; When he recalls the past, he won't regret wasting his time, and he won't be ashamed of doing nothing-in this way, when he dies, he can say,' My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-fighting for the liberation of mankind.' The theme of the novel can be summarized as follows: one's life should be spent like Paul. How steel was tempered is a novel. Many stories in the novel come from the author's personal experience, so it is more real and touching to read. However, the author does not stick to the facts of life, and does a lot of typical treatment of characters and plots. How the Steel was Tempered, like Gorky's autobiographical trilogy, has made an important contribution to the innovation of autobiographical novels. The whole description of the novel revolves around the growth of the protagonist, with a compact and natural structure. When portraying the protagonist's character, he also shows his excellent qualities from different angles. By describing how Paul treats prison, war, work, friendship, love, illness and frustration, and how he treats revolution and personal, public and private, life and death and other major issues, the image of Paul, a steel soldier, is particularly full and vivid and radiant. The author of the novel is mainly narrative, interspersed with inner monologues, letters and diaries, aphorisms and so on. The language of environmental description is concise, beautiful and expressive.

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