The bridge is an overhead man-made passage. It consists of an upper structure and a lower structure. The superstructure includes bridge body and bridge deck; The substructure includes pier, abutment and foundation. They hang high and lie flat, with different shapes, and some are far away, simple and elegant; Some cross the rocks and streams, adding color to the mountains and rivers; Some are located in the main roads in the city center, with clever shapes; Some bridges are versatile and ingenious. No matter the wind and rain, no matter the heat and winter, they always cross the river to Tianjin in obscurity for the vast number of pedestrians, horses and chariots. The main purpose of building a bridge is to solve the traffic across water or valley, so that vehicles or pedestrians can walk on the bridge unimpeded. Judging from its earliest or most important function, a bridge should refer to a road across the water. Therefore, Duan Yucai's explanation of "Wen Jie Zi" is: "The word' Liang Zi' uses wood to cross the water, and today it is also a bridge." It shows that the original meaning of bridge refers to the passage with wood on the water, and later it is extended to the form of "plank road" on the cliff and "climbing over the wall" between pavilions and pavilions. Modern bridges also play an important role in urban traffic. Building a bridge (overpass) on the flat ground to connect the east, west, north and south will not only help alleviate traffic congestion, but also become a beautiful scenery in modern cities. China, the hometown of bridges, has been called "the country of bridges" since ancient times.

Second, the classification of bridges

Beam bridge, also known as flat bridge and span bridge, is a bridge supported by piers at a horizontal distance, and then beams are erected to tile the deck. This is the most widely used bridge, which appeared earlier than other bridges in history. It takes the form of wood, stone or a mixture of wood and stone. In the pre-Qin period, all beam bridges used wooden columns as piers, but this kind of wooden column beam structure showed its weakness very early and could not adapt to the development of the situation. Therefore, it was replaced by the Shizhu wooden beam bridge, such as the multi-span long bridge built in Qin and Han Dynasties: Wei Qiao, Baqiao, etc. About the Han Dynasty, the pile foundation technology was invented, and stone piers appeared, which showed that bridges made of wood and stones could cross wider rivers and bear the impact of rough waves. However, because the wooden beam on the stone pier is not resistant to wind and rain erosion, a bridge house was built on the bridge to protect the bridge body. This type of bridge (covered bridge) is more common in the south, but it was first seen in the Yellow River basin. Small and medium-sized Liang Shi or stone slab bridge is the most popular bridge type for its convenient structure, durable materials and labor-saving maintenance. Especially after the Southern Song Dynasty, it was very popular in Quanzhou, Fujian, and many Liang Shi bridges were created. If there is no pier in the middle of a beam bridge, it is called a single-span beam bridge; If there are piers in the water, so that the bridge body forms two holes, it is called a double-span beam bridge; If there are more than two piers, it is called a multi-span beam bridge. Huizhou Bridge also fully embodies the characteristics of beam bridge.

Cable bridge is also called suspension bridge, cable bridge and suspension bridge. , is a bridge suspended with bamboo cables or rattan cables and iron cables as the backbone. Most of them are built on steep river banks and dangerous valleys, and the current is too fast to be used as docks, mainly in the southwest of China. Its practice is to build houses on both sides of the river, set up posts for tying ropes and rotating posts for twisting ropes respectively, then tie several thick ropes flat, and then put boards horizontally on the ropes, and some even add one or two ropes on both sides as handrails. It was first seen in Qin and Han Dynasties. For example, Qin built a bamboo cable bridge in the southwest of Yizhou (now Chengdu) in Sichuan, also called Yili Bridge. The existing famous ones are Luding Iron Cable Bridge and guanxian Bamboo Cable Bridge built in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Crossing the cable bridge feels very thrilling, just as the ancients described the cable bridge: "People are hanging in the air, and if they don't quit in an instant, they will fall into a bottomless valley." Monk Zhimeng in the Tang Dynasty said, "If you can't see the end, the shadows are fighting." In fact, it is still safe to really cross the past, just like Xu Xiake's Travels commented on the Panjiang Bridge in Guizhou: "Look at it and you will stop."

Arch bridge appeared late in the history of Chinese bridges, but once the arch bridge structure was adopted, it developed rapidly and became the most vital bridge type in ancient bridges. Even today, it still has broad prospects for further development. Arch bridges are divided into stone arch bridges, brick arch bridges and wooden arch bridges, among which brick arch bridges are rare and only occasionally used in temples or gardens. Stone arch bridges are commonly used and can be divided into single arch, double arch and multi-arch. The number of arches depends on the width of the river. Generally, the arch in the middle is particularly high, and the arches on both sides are slightly smaller. According to the shape of the arch, there are pentagons, semicircles, pointed arches and flat arches. The bridge deck is generally paved with stone slabs, and the side of the bridge is paved with stone railings. The image of the arch bridge was first seen in the portrait bricks in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was produced by the shape of the wooden and Liang Shi bridge with outriggers, and was influenced by the shape of the tomb arch and water pipes. Documentary records can be found in Zhu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The earliest existing physical object is the Zhao Zhouqiao designed and built by Li Chun in Sui Dynasty. After the Ming dynasty, especially in the Qing dynasty, stone arch bridges issued whole coupons, that is, "bucket coupons."

Third, the role of bridges.

Let passers-by pass, which is the most basic and main function of various bridges. Passing a car and walking a horse are the same purpose of most bridges. The construction of the bridge meets the needs of people's life, and its beautiful shape adds luster to the surrounding environment and makes the beautiful mountains and rivers more beautiful.

Urban bridge construction should pay attention to architectural function, landscape function and cultural function on the premise of meeting the traffic function, and add color and scenery to the beautiful landscape garden city. Architecture is a solidified art, an art of space. As an architectural art, the bridge has its own language, and it also uses various and unified formal beauty rules such as proportion, scale, rhythm, balance, symmetry, change, unity, outline and concavity. The difference between it and ordinary buildings lies in that the bridge building forms a harmonious whole with its bare structural characteristics and clear image of each component, which stimulates people's association and aesthetic feeling.

Fourth, the current situation of Huizhou Bridge

Urban bridge is not only a building, but also a reflection of urban history and a symbol of a city. It should have a landscape function. There can be aesthetic intuition and a sense of space, which will also affect the development direction of a city or trigger new economic growth points around the bridge site. As a landmark building of the city, the influence of the bridge is surpassing the building itself.

Every place has its own bridge with different styles. Different styles of bridges have different influences on people. Bridges in each city have different design styles and different numbers. Dongjiang River and Xizhijiang River flow through Huizhou City. There are many lakes, staggered water networks, many bridges and buildings in the city. The landscape of existing bridges in Huizhou is as follows:

Name of Bridge Crossing the River Year of Construction Bridge Type

Dongjiang Huizhou Bridge 1990 Beam Bridge

Dongjiang Bridge 1978 Arch Bridge

CITIC Bridge in 2006

Hesheng Bridge 2008 Cable Bridge

Xijiang Watergate Bridge 199 1 Arch Bridge

Xizhijiang Bridge 1990 Arch Bridge

Dongxinqiao 1973 Beam Bridge

Hejiang Bridge 2008 Beam Bridge

Huizhou is a typical landscape garden city, and Hejiang Bridge newly built in 2008 is an urban bridge. The bridge structure of Hesheng Bridge adopts single tower cable-stayed design. The tower of the bridge is a herringbone twin-column windless tower-the shape of Tian Ge in Goose City, which looks like a swan spreading its wings from a height. Just in line with the theme of Goose City.

The biggest highlight of Hesheng Bridge is the gorgeous night view of Tian Ge Wild Goose Pagoda. Whenever night falls, the tower on the bridge changes colors against the neon lights, sometimes blue, sometimes red and sometimes orange, which adds a little beauty to the "swan" under the night and a little vitality to the beautiful "Goose City". Thousands of neon lights on the bridge are inlaid on the Dongjiang River like gems of different colors. Every time I walk by the Dongjiang River with my parents, I will look at the Dongjiang River reflected by the night light, echoing the colorful and grand bridge. The night view of Huizhou is really amazing, and I don't want to leave for a long time.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) is a bridge to the future.

2 1 century, I saw all kinds of bridges, including "undersea breathable sightseeing bridge", "safety bridge" and "art bridge" ... However, "undersea breathable sightseeing bridge" attracted me most. Its peculiar appearance left a deep impression on me. As long as the car passes a bridge, it can reach the "undersea breathable sightseeing bridge". There are special air holes inside, which can help breathing. The bridge is surrounded by glass, and you can watch the underwater world, which is very beautiful.

Bridges in the world are really diverse and colorful. With their strong and beautiful bodies, they stood tirelessly on the river, propping up traffic and becoming a wonderful scenery on the water. Bridges are the crystallization of human wisdom and a symbol of strength. Bridges do not occupy an important position in people's minds, but they are an indispensable traffic landscape for people's daily travel.