This paper introduces Rogers' psychotherapy theory, and analyzes its influence on "individual-centered therapy" from two aspects: the traditional atmosphere of ideological and political work in China and the psychological quality of middle school students.

Keywords: psychological quality individual center therapy, reverse psychological atresia

I. Introduction

Humanistic psychology rose in the 1950s and 1960s, and then developed rapidly, which was related to the social factors of the unprecedented development of American material civilization but the chaotic and decadent spiritual world after World War II. At the same time, it is also related to the inevitable trend of the extreme development of a scientism tendency [1] far from philosophy and close to natural science in psychology since Feng Te 1879 founded scientific psychology.

This school advocates that psychological research should pay more attention to everyone's characteristics from the perspective of people, rather than from the perspective of methods, so the representatives of this school also pay attention to people's future and the value of human nature from the perspective of philosophy and humanities [2].

Humanism opposes the brutalization and mechanization tendency of human nature in psychology, and emphasizes human initiative, that is, people have the ability to choose the future, people have the ability to create, and people's values or moral consciousness have the basis of internal social motivation.

Second, Rogers' psychotherapy theory

Rogers' psychotherapy thought has gone through three stages, namely "non-directive therapy", "patient-centered therapy" and "individual-centered therapy".

"Personal-centered therapy" is the enrichment and development of "patient-centered therapy", which emphasizes the relationship between "person-person" rather than "helper-helped", and advocates that psychology should study human value and dignity and make contributions to restoring and improving human value and dignity.

Thirdly, the position of Rogers' psychotherapy thought in school consultation.

(A) the traditional atmosphere of ideological and political work in China. The basic feature of China's traditional culture is that ethics and moral thoughts are the main content, and ancient education also takes moral education as the core, which shows that moral education in China has a long history. Han Yu's "teacher, preaching and teaching to solve doubts" embodies the unshirkable responsibility of teachers in moral education. So far, the content of moral education in China has been summarized as political education, ideological education, moral education and psychological quality education, which is mainly served by school political cadres, class teachers and classroom teachers to solve the problem of students' development direction and make students develop according to the requirements of China's social moral code of conduct, which has strong guiding principles and directional requirements. Because of teachers' moral education background and feelings of "showing dignity as a teacher", psychological counseling teachers generally adopt behavioral cognitive therapy, which affirms the leading position of psychological teachers in the counseling process, embodies the guiding role of teachers in the development direction of students, and meets the requirements of traditional ideological work in China.

(B) the psychological quality of middle school students. Middle school students' self-awareness is forming, but it is unstable, and their dialectical thinking ability has just begun to appear, showing the lack of ability to distinguish things. When looking at problems, they are often one-sided, subjective and even extreme, pursuing individuality. In my consulting work, I found that some visiting students' cognition is a little extreme, but they don't feel anything wrong, and their self-analysis and self-cognition abilities are weak. Sometimes they can't simply review their experiences and events to reorganize their experiences, and then realize the crux of the problem. Rogers' "patient-centered therapy" is more suitable for visitors with clear self-awareness and strong self-analysis ability.

Fourthly, it is necessary to apply Rogers' therapeutic view in school psychological counseling.

(A) the psychological needs of students

1, rebellious psychology. Rebellious psychology refers to a psychological state in which people take opposite attitudes and words and deeds to each other's self-esteem requirements. This state is manifested incisively and vividly in the adolescent stage, and they begin to advocate equal relations. In order to win the symbol of their independence, they will resist authority, and their sensitivity to attitude makes them rebel against reprimand and blame.

2. Lock the mind. Compared with adolescence, adolescent students' atresia psychology is obvious and involves a wide range. Teenagers' self-esteem is enhanced, on the other hand, they are psychologically fragile and vulnerable. With the gradual expansion of personal privacy, they often worry that some aspects of themselves will be laughed at, so they carefully build a fence in their hearts to lock their inner secrets and thoughts and feelings for fear of being hurt. Some students who usually look cheerful and casual are still unwilling to tell anyone.

3. The formation of self-awareness. Self-awareness refers to people's understanding of themselves and their relationship with the surrounding environment, and it is also the unity of people's understanding and treatment of themselves. Teenagers, it is the period of self-cognition, they begin to have their own judgments about the things around them, and they also begin to have their own internal yardsticks to measure the people around them. It is right and reasonable in the eyes of teachers and elders, but not necessarily in their eyes. The conceptual differences brought about by the intergenerational gap are not easy to answer, what's more, there is no question of right or wrong, but the difference between adaptation and inadaptability.

(B) the characteristics of Rogers' psychotherapy thought

In "non-directive therapy", Rogers believes that patients can be fully responsible for their actions. Therapists only need to repeat the patient's words appropriately and begin to introduce the guiding role of therapists in "visitor-centered therapy" Although the role of therapists is improving, there is no requirement for the professional skills of therapists, nor does it pay attention to the cultivation of so-called skills. Instead, it pays attention to the consultant's essential attitude and outlook on life, especially the understanding of empathy. In addition, its main concepts are easy to understand. It doesn't need profound psychological knowledge, so it's easy for psychological teachers who are engaged in school psychological work now, and it's also easy to absorb outstanding talents who are interested in psychological consultation in other industries.

Rogers' psychotherapy theory has advantages and disadvantages in practice. Psychological teachers should learn from each other's strong points, realize their lack of guidance, attach importance to establishing a trust and equal relationship with visitors, respect visitors, give them psychological support, and induce students' desire for self-growth. At the same time, according to the personality structure of visiting students, Rogers' psychotherapy method is flexibly used. For example, when visiting students with strong self-awareness, "non-guidance therapy" can be adopted, and too much guidance may cause students to rebound. Students with weak self-awareness, lack of independent opinions and strong dependence, it is best to use more guiding counseling methods to make such students develop in behavior training.

In short, in psychological counseling, as long as it is helpful to visitors, it can be used, which will be a good method.

Participation documents:

YeHaoSheng. New progress in western psychological research [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 2003: 295 ~ 297.

[2] Zheng Richang, Wen and Zhang Wen. Development of psychological counseling and therapy in China [J]. China Journal of Mental Health, 2000, l4( 1):68.

Yan nongqiu. Feasibility study on localization of client-centered therapy [J]. Journal of Foshan University of Science and Technology (Social Science Edition), 200 1, 19 (3): 89 ~ 93.

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