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Research on Job-hunting Behavior of Female Masters in Shanxi Province

Abstract: Job-choosing behavior is a process in which individuals find careers that they are interested in and willing to stick to for a long time in all walks of life. Students who have just graduated from school generally hope to choose a career with high salary and good treatment, which meets their personal interests, but in fact it often backfires. On the basis of summarizing the characteristics of female graduate students' job-hunting behavior in Shanxi Province, this paper explains the job-hunting behavior of female graduate students in colleges and universities in Shanxi Province from the perspective of Coleman's rational choice theory, which can be summarized from three dimensions: micro-actors, meso-action systems, macro-norms and social systems.

Keywords: rational choice; The hostess; Job-choosing behavior

China Library Classification Number: C9 15 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1002-2589201603-0095-02.

introduce

In recent years, under the influence of the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities in the whole society, the number of college graduates has increased, but the saturation of the job market can't make graduates find their own position, and employment is facing extremely severe challenges. Under the severe employment situation, how to make the job-hunting behavior of female masters more in line with the needs of social and economic development and the realization of their own social values is a subject worthy of in-depth discussion.

First of all, an overview of career choice behavior research.

Scholars and experts from all walks of life at home and abroad are very concerned about the job selection of college graduates. The theoretical research on job-choosing behavior abroad mainly focuses on job matching theory, personality type theory, personality development theory, career development theory and so on. These theories attach importance to the study of the important influence of subjective factors such as subjective needs, self-ability, personal interests and hobby personality on career choice. The research results focus on personal experience in choosing a career according to subjective and objective conditions, and emphasize the leading role of psychological factors in career choice behavior.

Domestic research on job hunting mainly focuses on describing the current situation of job hunting concept, job hunting psychology and job hunting will, while the analysis of the causes of these behaviors focuses on the personal factors of the research subjects. The suggestions to solve the problems are generally based on encouraging the research subjects to improve their own quality, enhance their own abilities and adjust their psychological state to adapt to social reality.

Second, the characteristics of job-seeking behavior of female masters in Shanxi Province.

On the basis of inheriting the previous research results, this study uses spss statistical software to encode the questionnaire data, and summarizes the characteristics of female graduate students' job hunting behavior in Shanxi Province as follows.

Job hunting mentality and enthusiasm

People's mentality determines people's behavior. What kind of job-hunting mentality determines what kind of job-hunting behavior female graduate students have. The author distributed 290 questionnaires in Shanxi University, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics and taiyuan normal University on 14 and 10 in 2004, and found that the female graduate students in Shanxi Province were generally optimistic and positive at that time.

Second, the value of self-employment

The author's empirical study of female graduate students' job-hunting behavior in Shanxi Province finds that female graduate students' job-hunting values pay more attention to their own development and pursue their own interests, which shows strong utilitarianism.

Third, the blindness of career planning.

In the process of empirical research on the job-hunting behavior of female graduate students in Shanxi Province, it is found that female graduate students are not clear about their career orientation and personal career development plan. Only a few female graduate students who have worked before graduate school are clear about their career plans, while most female graduate students are blindly and passively looking for jobs.

Fourth, the goal of choosing a job is single.

From the investigation results of female graduate students' job-hunting behavior in Shanxi Province, we can see that the job-hunting goal of female graduate students is very single, which is manifested in the strong consistency between the expected job-hunting place and the employment unit. Female graduate students are unwilling to work in remote areas in the west, lacking enthusiasm, social dedication and poor sense of service. The concentrated trend of female graduate students is to "return to their original places", be close to their hometown, be taken care of by relatives and friends, find jobs by social relations and make full use of social capital.

Thirdly, the analysis of the influencing factors of career choice behavior of female masters in Shanxi Province under the rational choice theory.

This study focuses on the analysis of "resources" and "interests" in the action system, and analyzes the influencing factors of female graduate students' career choice behavior in Shanxi Province from the micro, meso and macro levels. Among them, the micro-level is "the situation of individual actors", the meso-level is "resource control" and "purpose and interest orientation", and "norms and social systems" are the basic factors at the macro level.

The Influence of "Individual Actor Situation" on the Career Choice Behavior of Shanxi Female Masters

The main body of job hunting behavior is female graduate students in Shanxi Province. From the comprehensive analysis of the data collected by questionnaires and interviews, it can be found that most female graduate students will consider their own interests and values when choosing employment.

1. The personal value of female masters affects their career choice behavior. In the data collected by the questionnaire, the factor of "realizing personal value" is the last factor in the ranking of "career choice factors". However, in the answer to the question 10 in the interview outline, "Do you pursue spiritual satisfaction or material satisfaction at work?" Xiao L, a philosophy major at Shanxi University, thinks that philosophy is very suitable for her. In the eyes of ordinary people, philosophy may have no practical use, and she often runs into a wall when looking for a job, but she thinks that "useless is great use"

2. The personal wishes of female masters affect their career choice behavior. According to the interview data, the author found that female graduate students in Shanxi University will consider their hobbies and personal wishes when choosing jobs. Xiao Y, a graduate student majoring in food engineering and technology, School of Life Sciences. Facing graduation, she knew that her professional employment prospects were very bleak. Marketing or other jobs of food companies don't need such highly educated graduates. If she is engaged in food research and development, she is a fresh graduate and has no experience advantage, but she still insists on doing what she wants to do is the best choice. She likes to research and develop food, create delicious and nutritious food through her own efforts, refuse gutter oil, refuse to dye steamed bread and make safe food.

3. Female masters' own situation affects their career choice behavior. The "own situation" used in this study refers to the influence of female masters' household registration, love and marriage on their career choice behavior. From the data collected by the questionnaire, it can be seen that female graduate students with household registration in Shanxi Province are generally "homesick" and unwilling to work far from home, and what they call "far from home" means leaving Shanxi Province, so they generally choose to go back to their hometown and work in other prefecture-level cities. Correspondingly, they are also willing to find men from the same province as life partners, so that even if they marry their in-laws, they will not be too far away, and they are all from Shanxi Province. Xiao W, majoring in economics in the School of Economics and Management of Shanxi University, is a typical case: she is from Qingxu, with one sister married to Jiangsu and one sister who is about to get married. So in order to take care of her parents, she will only choose her own job in Taiyuan. This situation limits more opportunities to choose jobs and affects the best job choice.

Secondly, the influence of "resource control" on the career choice behavior of female masters in Shanxi Province.

Theoretically, job hunting behavior is also an exchange behavior. Female graduate students have highly educated resources that undergraduate students do not have, and have different personality charm from male graduate students. Through the exchange with employers, they can obtain their own material interests, spiritual interests or social interests. However, in real life, the behavior of choosing a job is not such a fair and just exchange behavior. Can female graduate students' own resources help them achieve fair exchange as they wish? 1. The time cost of female masters affects their career choice behavior. Most female graduate students who are about to graduate are between the ages of 23 and 30. Women of this age should have entered the next stage of their lives-for * * *. Under the influence of herd mentality and the pressure from family and relatives, female graduate students should first consider their own "life events" in the process of choosing a job, even if they look good in the eyes of others, they should not enter the eyes of female masters who hate marriage.

2. The material cost of female masters affects their career choice behavior. No one is completely pursuing material things, but a job that can't meet material needs can't be called a job. Respondent Xiao F had work experience before he went to graduate school. After graduating from undergraduate course, he chose his favorite secretarial job, but the salary of this job is very low. Although it is a job that conforms to the interest of actor Xiao F and can realize personal value, Xiao M quit the job and chose to go to graduate school.

3. The social capital of female masters affects their career choice behavior. Social capital is a kind of resource and a network of relationships between people. Female masters use the amount of social capital they occupy in social networks to choose careers.

Thirdly, the influence of "purpose and interest orientation" on the career choice behavior of female masters in Shanxi Province.

This study analyzes the career choice behavior of female graduate students from their different interests in the process of career choice. Because of the different interests pursued, the direction of career choice reflected is also very different, and the purpose of action determines the external performance of behavior.

1. The material interests of female masters affect their career choice behavior. In order to meet the basic survival needs, job seekers should consider whether the economic income brought by the chosen occupation can offset the cost of living. It can also be found in the questionnaire that "salary and welfare" is the first choice for most job seekers.

2. The spiritual interests of female masters affect their career choice behavior. The main meaning of "spiritual interests" used in this study is that actors can express their sense of professional achievement and social prestige in order to satisfy their spiritual interests. There are many actors who ignore the survival needs of the material world and only pursue the cultural satisfaction of the spiritual world.

3. The social interest of female masters affects their career choice behavior. Social interests are the way to realize the needs of most or all members of society, and many job seekers choose to engage in public services and social welfare undertakings.

Fourthly, the influence of "norms and social system" on the job-hunting behavior of female masters in Shanxi Province.

The above analysis is the subject of behavior, and the following will analyze the influence of objective environment on job hunting behavior.

1. The household registration system affects the career choice behavior of female masters. The household registration system was originally designed to ensure the realization of residents' rights in the region, but in fact, the increasingly mature household registration system not only failed to protect citizens' employment interests, but also restricted foreign graduates from achieving cross-regional employment.

2. Gender discrimination affects the career choice behavior of female masters. "Sex discrimination" is a norm generally recognized by employers when recruiting talents, which keeps female job seekers out. Influenced by the traditional concept of "men are stronger than women", employers believe that men are more capable than women under the same academic qualifications, and they would rather choose undergraduate boys than graduate girls in recruitment. Another reason is that female graduate students facing graduation have reached the age of marriage and childbearing. According to the law of our country, the employer shall pay the wages as usual during the maternity period of female employees. Therefore, in order to save costs and improve the efficiency of the company, the employer adheres to the concept of "no female graduate students" and uses those female graduate students who are married and have children.

Four. conclusion

There are many factors influencing female graduate students' job hunting behavior, and the theory of rational choice is also profound, involving economics, political science, sociology and other fields. Through this study, the author deeply feels that the problems discussed in this paper have not yet touched the core content of the theory, and there are many problems and shortcomings that need to be further explored in future research: First, the empirical data collection is not comprehensive enough, only the information of the master students is analyzed, and the information of employers, employment service guidance institutions and other subjects is not combined, so the breadth of data collection needs to be strengthened. Second, the essence of rational choice theory has not been deeply grasped, and the reasons for employing units and employment service guidance institutions in colleges and universities have not been explored and analyzed in combination with the theory. The depth of theoretical explanation can be further deepened.

References:

[1] James? s？ Coleman. Foundation of social theory. [M]。 Beijing: Social Science Literature Publishing House, 1999.

[2] Zhou Tianlu. Research on the Influencing Factors of Postgraduates' Career Choice [D]. Beijing: capital university of economics and business, 20 13.

[3] Chen Furong. A Brief Analysis of Female College Students' Career Choice in China ―― Taking Female College Students' Career Choice in Hubei Province as an Example [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Normal University, 20 12.

[4] Huang Feifei. Study on the Social Factors Affecting the Employment of Female Postgraduates ―― Based on the Investigation of Guangxi Universities [D]. Nanning: Guangxi Normal University, 20 13.

[5] Liu Zeshi. A Study on the Influence of Network Media Literacy on College Students' Career Choice, Marriage and Consumption Behavior in Capital [D]. Beijing: Capital Institute of Physical Education, 20 14.

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