As the saying goes, no pains, no gains. We are often asked to write some reports after completing a task or goal. Reporting can make our perceptual knowledge rise to rational knowledge. What aspects should I consider when writing a report? Perhaps the following model essay template of nursing graduation opening report is just what you want! For reference only, welcome to read this article.
Statistical processing of nursing graduation opening report 1 template
Use SPSS 13. Statistical software carries out statistical analysis on the data. All data are expressed in relative numbers, and the difference between constituent ratios is tested by chi-square test, and P "0.05 is the difference" is statistically significant.
result
The main areas studied in this paper are: nursing management, nursing education, psychological nursing, specialist nursing, community nursing and others. See table 1 for specific classification.
Main types of thesis topics
The main types of topics are: demonstration, research, review and case nursing. See Table 2 for specific classification.
Distribution of teachers' professional titles
The technical positions of instructors are: intermediate, deputy senior and full senior (some instructors are hired from other colleges), and the specific distribution is shown in Table 3.
The main problems, causes and countermeasures in the opening of the thesis
The main problems in the beginning of the paper are: topic selection, novelty retrieval, design and reporting. See Table 4 for the specific classification. From the analysis in Table 4, it is found that there are many problems in topic selection, accounting for 36.2 1%. Students' topic selection does not reflect the characteristics of nursing specialty, the breadth and depth of topic selection are inaccurate, and there are some problems in topic selection, such as large and comprehensive, empty and vague, old and old. For example, the topic of a nursing student is the nursing progress after living-related liver transplantation, and the nursing after living-related liver transplantation includes basic nursing, specialist nursing, life nursing and psychological nursing. And the topic is comprehensive, resulting in no specific starting point. Some topics have been studied by predecessors and have been applied to clinic, so further research and demonstration are not needed. For example, the stress analysis of nurses in intensive care unit was studied by Li Xiaolin et al. [1] in 20xx.
cause analysis
Student factors Students are weak in their own scientific research level and ability, unfamiliar with the process of topic selection, design, topic opening and implementation, and lack of theoretical knowledge. The ability to analyze and judge problems is weak and will not find topics from practice; I don't pay much attention to the topic opening work, and I don't realize that topic opening is the key link in graduation thesis design. Some nursing students do not take the initiative to carry out scientific research and design before the topic is started, which belongs to passive coping. In addition, students have limited energy and are busy preparing for CET-4 and CET-6 and postgraduate exams during the day. Some students are busy looking for a job, so their energy and time begin to shift, and they don't pay attention to the topic opening.
Mentor factor
Tutors ignore the management of students and do not pay attention to the cultivation of students' independence, problem-solving ability and innovation ability; Some tutors lack communication and exchange with students, so they can't check the progress and quality of students' homework regularly; Some tutors put less energy into students' relatively new and biased topics and lack comprehensive, scientific and standardized guidance.
Management factors
From the analysis in Table 3, it is found that the technical post level of the instructor is inversely proportional to the number of students. With the increase of the number of students, the number of instructors with high technical posts and high scientific research level is limited, which leads to the shortage of instructors, and there is a phenomenon that one teacher is responsible for guiding 2~3 nursing students. Teachers lack communication with nursing students and guidance on nursing students' papers, which leads to some problems in opening questions for nursing students.
Countermeasures
Strengthen the organization and management of topic opening. In view of the above problems, the hospital gave guidance to students in the early stage of nursing practice, focused on understanding the general direction of students' research and the difficulties in design, and made clear the time and specific requirements for opening the topic. Implement the tutor responsibility system, select tutors according to students' research direction, and ensure that students get one-on-one guidance in the work report of nursing undergraduate graduation thesis. When matching tutors with nursing students, we should strive to achieve two consistences: the research field of tutors is the same as that of nursing students, and the research expertise of tutors is the same as that of nursing students; In the medium term, teachers' guidance should be checked regularly and irregularly, focusing on the mastery of the guidance topic, whether it meets the conditions of the topic, and whether the topic is demonstrated and retrieved; In the later stage, it is necessary to standardize the paper opening process and clarify the contents, methods and requirements of students' opening reports in order to improve the quality of the reports.
Strengthen the cultivation of students' scientific research ability
The cultivation of students' scientific research ability is a long-term and gradual process, which requires the joint efforts of schools and hospitals. Although the nursing research course for college students is a compulsory course, which makes students familiar with the basic methods and means of scientific research and lays a certain foundation for students to write scientific research papers and carry out nursing research, it often only teaches students the preliminary and basic knowledge of nursing research. Therefore, the school should cultivate students' scientific research ability step by step and systematically, extend the hours of scientific research courses appropriately, or set up a second class of nursing scientific research for senior students. In nursing scientific research teaching, teachers should set up
Effect and thinking
It is the key to improve the scientific research ability of nursing undergraduates to establish and improve the tutor database and strictly select scientific research tutors. So we choose high-quality tutors in strict accordance with their standards to ensure the quality of teaching. Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the tutor's academic qualifications, technical positions, professional level, scientific research ability and sense of responsibility, and retain excellent tutors in accordance with the principles of adhering to standards, standardizing procedures and selecting the best candidates. At the same time, strengthen horizontal contact, hire external tutors to enrich the database of undergraduate nursing tutors in our hospital, and constantly expand the number of tutors. According to students' belief that dual tutors have the advantages of brainstorming, complementary theories, resource sharing and improving scientific research ability, the dual tutor system is adopted to guide nursing students' nursing scientific research practice [5].
The Construction of Paper Design Management System
With the increasing number of nursing undergraduates, it brings some difficulties to teaching management. Therefore, in order to carry out scientific management, a graduation project management system should be constructed, which should include three parts: student module, tutor module and administrator module. The first part should provide complete information and meet the needs of students, tutors and administrators. Student module: input personal information, query and retrieve articles, exchange information with tutors and managers, and select tutors.
Tutor module: view student information, query and retrieve articles, exchange information with students and administrators, and select students. Management module: view student information, view tutor information, query and retrieve articles, communicate with tutors and managers, generate statistical reports and maintain the system.
Model essay template 2 of nursing graduation report Topic: Nursing care of patients with cerebral infarction
Design Source (Report) Subject
clinical care
Design (Report) Subject Type
Summary of nursing experience
opening hours
20xx. 1
I. Significance of Design (Report) Research
1. Title source:
clinical care
2. Reasons for writing the report:
Graduation requirements
3. The problem of writing a report:
Paper selection; Data collation; Thesis Writing
4. Enlightenment from solving problems:
Need the guidance of teachers; Reasonable selection of materials; Writing requirements of the thesis
Second, the main research contents and expected objectives of the design (report).
(1) Main contents
The clinical data and nursing points of 60 patients with cerebral infarction in the past year were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. In this group of 60 patients, after careful nursing, the symptoms were improved to varying degrees, and no complications occurred.
(2) Expected objectives
The clinical data and nursing points of 60 patients with cerebral infarction in the past year were retrospectively analyzed and summarized, and a paper was written.
Three. Key Points and Difficulties in Design Research (Report)
(A) research focus
Nursing procedure of patients with cerebral infarction.
(B) Research difficulties
How to select materials reasonably; How to organize data; How to write a paper
Four, design (report) research steps (table)
Start and end times
Stage content
①20xx . 1. 120 xx . 1.3
collect material
②20xx . 1.320 xx . 1. 10
sort out data
③20xx . 1. 1020 xx . 2.27
Write a paper
④20xx.2.28
Paper submission
Model essay template of nursing graduation report 3 1, medical inspection and medical name of inspection
Clinical laboratory is a visual, physical, chemical, instrumental or molecular biological method for patients' blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta and molting, which emphasizes strict quality management measures in the whole process of inspection (before, during and after analysis) to ensure the quality of inspection. So as to provide valuable experimental data for clinic. Clinicians according to the test results or data, combined with their own collection of detailed and complete medical history; Systematic and thorough physical examination, as well as the data of the above experiments, plus a series of examination results of other auxiliary examinations such as X-ray, electrocardiogram, ultrasound, isotope and endoscope. To provide an objective basis for preventive health care, disease diagnosis, treatment and scientific research accumulation, which is diagnostics. It is called laboratory diagnostics to achieve the purpose of diagnosis through experimental methods.
In recent years, with the development of basic medicine, clinical medicine and bioengineering, medical inspection has realized four modernizations, namely, total laboratory automation, reagent diversification, standardization of inspection methods and rapid bedside inspection, which has promoted the development of medical inspection to high theory, high technology and high level. So at present, laboratory medicine is combined with diagnosis all over the world. This is a multi-disciplinary applied discipline based on biology, biochemistry, pathology, microbiology, immunology and molecular biology, which is oriented to clinical disciplines (many laboratory medicine in Europe, America and Japan include clinical pathology, and even a research institute of clinical chemistry and clinical microbiology has been established). In addition to technicians, it also includes a certain number of chemists, toxicologists, microbiologists and clinicians who participate in inspection technology, quality management, new project development and scientific research activities. Due to the rapid development of science and technology, such as the wide application of informatics and microcomputers, there is a close relationship between disciplines, resulting in many new disciplines, such as immune hematology and immunochemistry. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a new experimental technology of molecular biology established by 1985, which is used to identify the genes of various pathogens, genetic diseases, aging, tumors and other common diseases. In recent years, due to the rise of DNAchip technology, several to several million genes can be detected simultaneously on 1cm2 chip, so we firmly believe that laboratory medicine will enter a new period of rapid development in the future.
2. Clinical medicine is closely related to experimental medicine.
The development of clinical medicine is closely related to the rapid development of experimental medicine. Take clinical medicine and biology (gene, cell and protein) as examples, such as DNA synthesis technology, gene expression regulation technology, various electrophoresis technologies, cell and organ culture technology, DNA and RNA extraction technology and chromatography technology. It is the clinical focus of molecular biology technology in 2 1 century. For example, with the rapid development of neurobiology, in the cross field of biology, technical science and social science, the rising cognitive science and behavioral science make it possible to study the spiritual world and have a far-reaching impact on the development of human thinking. Another example is that gene technology not only sees bright prospects in genetic diseases, prenatal diagnosis, tumors and senile diseases, but also plays a role in the prevention, course observation and treatment of these diseases, so that normal genes can be expressed, thus correcting defective gene error information and restoring the functions of cells and organs to normal. Through the above, the development of clinical medicine in 2 1 century will have higher requirements for experimental medicine.
3. Strengthen the study of clinical knowledge and contact with patients by medical laboratory personnel.
It is necessary to have regular conversations with clinicians. Schwartz emphasized in his article Dialogue between Clinic and Laboratory that the key elements of laboratory management are communication and dialogue. Communicate and exchange opinions with clinicians regularly, and elaborate doctors' suggestions and professional issues in depth. This is especially important for inspectors who only touch laboratory specimens, because in addition to qualified specimens and accurate operation, there are clinical treatment measures such as medication. If the results of blood gas acid-base analysis are judged, it is related to the infusion of patients, especially the alkaline solution.
If you don't understand, you will make a wrong judgment. The same example can affect the results of blood analysis and bone marrow examination after blood transfusion. Schwartz put forward that "an experimental medical worker cannot survive without the ability to communicate and talk with the clinic." The experimenter should also listen to the opinions of the patients. Urine with ammonia odor (alkaline) is often caused by patients' ignorance of urine analysis and the need to take fresh urine (left overnight). Similarly, in the outpatient clinic, it is often seen that the feces submitted by patients are "normal" (in fact, he does not understand that the diseased parts containing mucus and pus in feces should be submitted for inspection). There are many such examples, and it is also beneficial to communicate and explain with patients. We accidentally found that the foreurine of female patients was polluted by vaginal secretions, which led to obvious abnormal results. In fact, it is possible to avoid pollution by wiping the external urethral orifice with sterile cotton swabs and really taking the middle urine. Laboratory personnel must constantly learn new knowledge and develop new experimental methods, so as to put forward new ideas in the process of dialogue with doctors. For example, Euidencebasedmedicine emphasizes the origin and existing problems of experimental methods, which are solved correctly after being discovered in practice. For example, Duke, a capillary puncture method for bleeding time, has not reflected blood vessel damage or proved thrombocytopenia in the application process for many years, so other sensitive methods need to be selected instead.
If you don't read books and surf the Internet, you can't master new theories and technologies. In addition, practice and experiment are also important. In the urine examination of the elderly, we noticed that due to the decline of renal function, the composition of urine sediment has its own characteristics, that is, the so-called subclinical symptoms. The laboratory staff of Nantong Medical College, such as department directors, professional team leaders and technicians in charge, arrange 1~2 times a week to go to clinical rounds to learn clinical knowledge; Listen to the clinical evaluation of the reliability of test results; Explain the doctor's problems; Feedback clinical suggestions to the laboratory in time so that laboratory staff can improve their work in time. Participated in clinical rounds for 68 times, and discussed the test results *** 15 times according to clinical requirements. They pointed out to clinicians that the determination of serum potassium was obviously inconsistent with the clinical manifestations of patients, as were the determination of bilirubin and endogenous creatinine. There were some misunderstandings in the opinion, such as improper specimen operation and nurses drawing blood directly from the infusion tube, which were corrected in time. The examination should investigate and verify the opinions put forward by the doctor that day, and blame it on the people, and improve it as quickly as possible. For the face-to-face explanation that the doctor can't make for the time being, we should seek understanding and support. Danyang People's Hospital has also established a system of inspection and clinical contact report, requiring clinicians to write specific opinions on inconsistent specimens, which will be checked and implemented by professionals one by one. In addition, consult reliable reference books to explain unusual reference values and abnormal results to clinic. All these are conducive to improving the relationship between laboratory and clinic, improving the sense of responsibility of staff and improving the quality of laboratory.
It is a positive measure for doctors to talk with inspectors in the laboratory to strengthen communication.
Some hospitals try out the newly assigned clinicians (especially internal medicine and pediatrics) to rotate to the laboratory for three weeks to learn about the experimental examination items, which is a good way to strengthen the contact between doctors. Doctors should take the initiative to contact the experimenters, specify the scheme and cooperate with each other to complete the scientific research project. They can also invite laboratory doctors to give lectures on the specimen requirements, reference values, influencing factors and clinical significance of the newly developed experimental projects. It is best for the clinic to invite the relevant personnel to the ward to participate in case discussion and rounds. Discussion and dialogue can not only enliven the academic atmosphere, but also deepen mutual understanding and support, and work together to do a good job.