First, the main problems of moral education in primary schools

1. The phenomenon of valuing wisdom over morality is serious, and the ideological concept of moral education is backward. The education reality of contemporary China, where exam-oriented education is getting worse and worse and quality education is weak, provides a natural soil for primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and other schools to give priority to intellectual education. This phenomenon is more serious in rural primary schools in the process of urbanization. As for parents of students, farmers hope that their children will bid farewell to their ancestors' lifestyle of "facing the loess and facing the sky" by "going to college". One of the favorite words of many farmers' parents is "selling iron to beg for food, but also for their children to go to school." Therefore, parents have higher expectations for students' academic performance. Whether the school holds a parent-teacher conference or parents go to school alone, the most frequently asked question is how their children's academic performance is, how much they rank in the class, and the least frequently asked question is ideological and moral situation. Even if there is a parent-teacher conference, few parents leave school with their children's report cards. On the school side, school leaders and teachers also regard subject teaching as the central work and regard subject teaching as the life of the school. All school arrangements should make way for students' achievements, evaluate students' educational requirements, overemphasize academic achievements, and even emphasize academic achievements at the expense of others. For students with excellent academic performance, even if there are problems in ideological understanding and moral consciousness, they will blindly accommodate.

2. The influence of social environment and the lack of students' basic morality put forward higher requirements for moral education. At present, our society is in a period of great development and transformation, and the new value orientation and behavior norms have not been fully established. At this stage, there are bound to be some problems. For example, mass media such as the Internet, while playing a positive role, also spread negative information such as pornography, gambling, drugs and violence, which has a very bad influence on primary school students. For another example, negative factors such as chaotic values, disparity between the rich and the poor, and social crimes have also seriously affected moral education in primary schools. The surrounding environment of rural primary schools, especially township schools, is very unfavorable to school moral education. For example, some black Internet cafes and black game halls are illegally opened to primary schools, which has a very bad influence on students. However, there are still some outstanding problems in students' basic morality: First, they are self-centered and do poorly in "caring for others". These students are "going their own way" and "selfish" everywhere. Second, the idea of "comparing" is serious, which is manifested in eating, wearing and playing. Third, the concept of labor is weak. These students either stand by and watch their work, or they are duplicitous. 3. The method of moral education is simple. Due to the lack of understanding of the importance of moral education, the time and energy spent on moral education is far less than that spent on teaching, the lack of research on moral education, the lack of understanding of social development, the lack of understanding of students' changes and development, and the lack of research on the solutions to the problem of negative social influences corroding young people. Therefore, most of our moral education work is preaching, shouting slogans and even some formalism, which is irresponsible for students' lifelong development.

Second, the main countermeasures to strengthen and improve moral education

1. Clear objectives and highlight contents. The goal of moral education in primary schools is to "cultivate students' initial thoughts, feelings and good moral character of loving the motherland, people, labor, science and socialism;" "Consciously abide by social morality and civilized behavior habits; Good will, personality and lively and cheerful personality; The ability to manage themselves, help others, serve the collective and distinguish between right and wrong will lay a good ideological and moral foundation for them to become builders and successors of the socialist cause with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique. " According to this goal, the content of moral education in primary schools focuses on patriotism education, moral education of law and discipline and mental health education. However, according to different grades, the content of moral education needs to be focused. The moral knowledge of elementary school students in lower grades is superficial, concrete and superficial, which is more suitable for concentrated patriotic education and moral education. The consciousness, firmness and independence of moral knowledge of senior primary school students have been enhanced. At this time, increasing mental health education and ideal and belief education can more effectively promote patriotism education and moral education.

2. Strengthen education in a multi-pronged manner. The first is to establish a moral education system. According to the age characteristics of students, we should reasonably determine the objectives and content requirements of moral education, form a moral education system from low to high and from shallow to deep, and cultivate students' good qualities of unity and mutual assistance, honesty and trustworthiness, and law-abiding. Effectively shift the focus of moral education to "the cultivation of students' good behavior habits" and run the moral education process through "the dribs and drabs of students' life". The second is to broaden the channels of moral education. We should persist in taking ideological and moral lessons, class meetings and various educational activities as the main channels of moral education and do a good job in the collective construction of classes and teams. The third is to optimize the educational environment. Give full play to the role of parent committees and parent schools in primary and secondary schools, strengthen the contact between home and school, and constantly improve the moral education mechanism of school, family and society, so that moral education runs through all aspects of school education, family education and social education. The fourth is to strengthen practical education. Strengthen students' comprehensive extracurricular practice, participate in public welfare activities and volunteer services, enhance their practical ability in practice, understand the national conditions and people's feelings, learn to be a man and do things, and cultivate and practice socialist core values. Carry out publicity and education on "My Chinese Dream" in an all-round way, and encourage students to closely combine personal dreams with national dreams, personal values with social values, and personal destiny with national destiny.

;