Article 1:

In the long-term teaching practice, I found that most students with strong reading ability have good academic performance and are easy to learn; Most students with poor reading ability can't get up in grades and study. Therefore, I pay special attention to the cultivation of students' reading ability in teaching.

What are the reading abilities?

1, reading ability. Recognition is not an isolated pronunciation, but also a preliminary understanding. When reading, you must read word for word, read accurately and silently, so that you can see every word clearly.

2. Understanding ability. It is the most basic part of reading ability. Good reading ability not only means reading smoothly, but also means grasping the center of reading materials comprehensively and correctly. Students tend to emphasize the understanding of the superficial meaning of reading materials, while ignoring the real purpose of reading. Therefore, it is necessary to teach children to gradually acquire the ability to understand words, phrases, sentences and texts and the ability to read in a preliminary, comprehensive, abstract and general way.

3. Sensory ability. In teaching, it is often found that students simply say: I like this text or I hate this book. The expression of these feelings reflects their "childlike innocence" to a certain extent. Children often regard themselves as the protagonists in stories. When he reads something about the little hero, as long as he can understand or think that it reflects his thoughts and feelings, he will read it very enthusiastically, even several times, completely attracted by the people and things in the book. At this time, I communicated with the feelings of the protagonist in the book. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate students' ability to transform their thoughts and feelings into their own in teaching.

4. Reciting ability. Recitation runs through the process of reading aloud, silently and reciting. In the process of reading aloud and silently, there are also memory activities, and the purpose of memory can be achieved through familiar reading. Reciting can improve memory and deepen the understanding and feeling of the text. At the same time, recitation is also an important way to accumulate knowledge.

So how to cultivate the reading ability of primary school students?

First, stimulate interest.

When a person does a job he is interested in, all his talents can be brought into play by more than 80%; And doing work that you are not interested in can only play 20%. These tell us that interest is the best teacher. Russian educator ushinski pointed out: "Without any interest, forced learning will stifle students' willingness to master knowledge. "Interest is a great motivation to stimulate and promote students' extracurricular reading. Only when students are interested can they have a positive demand for extracurricular reading from the bottom of their hearts. Especially for beginners, teachers should vigorously stimulate their reading motivation and let them associate reading with fun in their minds. So how to stimulate the interest in reading?

First of all, in view of the psychological characteristics of students reading more, I hope to get recognition and praise from teachers, parents and classmates, so as to satisfy my sense of accomplishment, and I can carry out some activities such as reading, guessing riddles, idioms solitaire, two-part allegorical sayings docking and story-telling competitions. You can also carry out some famous sayings exchange meetings, reading experience exchange meetings and other activities, so that every student has the opportunity to display his talents. For example, I launched a story-telling contest of "reading a good book" in my class. The students talked endlessly, and the audience listened with relish, which not only increased their knowledge, but also greatly stimulated their interest in reading. Therefore, vigorously carrying out various reading activities can greatly stimulate students' confidence and enthusiasm in reading.

Secondly, ancient poetry is the treasure of China culture, and it is deeply loved by people because of its neat sentence pattern, strong sense of rhythm, catchy, easy to read and remember. Let students read ancient poems from childhood, which is not only conducive to developing language, improving intelligence, but also cultivating sentiment, cultivating literary appreciation and healthy aesthetic taste.

In the usual poetry guidance, arrange to recite a poem (word) every week. When developing each poem, we should expand the reading volume of ancient poetry by means of "different poems with the same topic", "different poems with the same author" and "sympathy for different poems". In the process of poetry understanding, feeling is the main and understanding is the auxiliary. Mainly through reading aloud, guide students to read, recite and imagine in the United States, and make students catchy and interesting.

There is an old saying: "Read a hundred times, and you will understand your meaning" and "Read three hundred Tang poems, even if you can't write a poem, you can sing", among which "reading", "writing" and "singing" are all manifestations of your understanding and the initial formation of your sense of language. With this accumulation, the sense of language can be accumulated continuously, and students' Chinese literacy will naturally form.

Thirdly, you can run your own handwritten newspaper and small magazine according to the activities organized by the school and the hot issues of social concern. This semester, in order to understand the reading situation of students, our class organized a handwritten newspaper with reading as the theme. In order to run a newspaper, students read a lot about how to read, and then choose, edit, copy and illustrate what they read, so as to really run a decent newspaper. I hold exhibitions for students' newspapers, whether they are good or bad. The students observed each other, learned from each other and compared with each other, and learned a lot. Such activities can be organized many times each semester, so that students can improve their ability to choose and process information in the process of running newspapers and periodicals.

Second, choose good reading materials.

Pupils are young and inexperienced, and reading is often blind and random, so the quality of reading cannot be improved. Therefore, it is very important to guide students to choose healthy and beneficial reading materials.

Reading a lot has many advantages, but it is not necessarily beneficial to open books. Belinsky put it well: "It is better not to read a book that is not suitable for you. We must learn such a skill and choose the most valuable reading materials that best suit our needs. " There are many publications now, so it is very important to guide students to choose suitable reading materials.

Mental health. Good books educate people with healthy thoughts, inspire people with touching stories, edify people with noble sentiments and enrich people with scientific knowledge. We should educate students to read good books, let them know the truth, goodness and beauty from good books, and establish a correct aesthetic view. However, limited by age, experience and level, primary school students' ability to distinguish right from wrong is not strong enough, so we can't underestimate the side effects of bad reading materials on our primary school students.

(2) It varies from person to person. According to the investigation, students' interest in reading varies with age, years of study, gender, personality and psychological characteristics. Generally speaking, fairy tales, myths, fables and folktales are the main subjects in primary schools, while senior students are interested in biographies, legends and thrillers in addition to stories, which can be said to have entered the literary period. Girls generally like to read books with storylines, while boys are interested in history, geography, sports and science. Therefore, teachers can understand students' hobbies and introduce them in a targeted way.

(3) interesting. The ocean of knowledge is very attractive to children. The formation of the earth, the origin of human beings, the anecdotes of the underwater world, the king of animals in the forest, the stories of historical figures, and the scientific fantasy of the future world all arouse their burning desire for the world. Teachers should help students choose extracurricular reading materials suitable for their reading level in a planned way.

(4) Pay attention to the breadth of reading. In his letter to Yan Limin, Mr. Lu Xun warned teenagers that it is not good to read only literary books or only one person's works. The Outline requires six-year primary school students to read at least 6.5438+0.5 million words after class, which undoubtedly means that we should pay attention to the breadth of reading. On the basis of respecting students' personality, only extensive reading can make up for the shortage of classroom teaching and textbook reading.

Third, give people fish.

As we all know, in order to maintain, stabilize and last students' interest in reading, we must teach students reading methods and develop good reading habits.

In classroom teaching, teachers should firmly grasp the text, practice intensive reading and reading aloud, teach students to read independently, and improve their awareness of independent reading. With the progress of reading textbooks, teachers should adhere to the principle of "one article and many articles, learning in class, benefiting after class, laying a foundation in class and seeking development after class", and take extracurricular reading content as the expansion of knowledge in class. Students learn the method of autonomous reading in class, enrich Chinese materials and expand their knowledge in extracurricular reading. According to the age characteristics and knowledge level of primary school students, the following methods are mainly taught.

1, to ensure enough time to study and think.

"Students are the masters of learning Chinese." Students should also be given time to study, think, discover and explore. "Let the students fully read, feel the whole in reading, and get some understanding in reading."

2. Cultivate students' abilities of self-study, since the enlightenment and self-satisfaction.

Let students independently search for information, understand the meaning of words, make clear the writing order and main content of the article, draw keywords, understand the content of the text, think and ask questions they don't understand in the initial reading, then grasp the keywords to read, think, draw and perform, and use a variety of senses to understand the meaning of the language, so as to resonate with the emotions of the text and explore the laws of the language. Finally, let the students talk about which sentences they understand and why the article is so propositional. Start and end like this? What is written in the text? How to write? Where is this written? Do you know why it is written like this? These are all for students to experience.

3. Develop good reading habits

Nowadays, many primary school students can't read when they graduate. When they read aloud, they will lose words and add words, and even read broken sentences. Reading extracurricular books, skimming flowers, not asking for more knowledge. Therefore, we should pay attention to cultivating students' good reading habits from the lower grades. For example: the habit of studying hard; The habit of reading with questions; The habit of not writing or reading; Self-evaluation habits and so on.

4. Insist on reading and pay attention to various forms of reading.

Reading comprehension is an important ability based on perception and experience. The ancients said: "A book can be read a hundred times, and then its meaning will be known. I am familiar with reading, I don't know what I know. " Students fully read, feel as a whole in reading, feel something in reading, cultivate a sense of language in reading and be influenced by emotions in reading. Students can read in many ways, such as free reading, soft reading, silent reading, loud reading, role reading, group reading, chanting, reciting, performing and so on.

Step 5 learn to accumulate

Instruct students to absorb nutrition from extracurricular reading materials and learn to accumulate. The basic way of Chinese learning is accumulation and training. As the saying goes, "you can learn in class and benefit after class." China's ancient learning theory holds that "learning and gradually becoming" is the law of reading. For example, Confucius advocated "erudition in literature"; Xunzi discussed that "there is no accumulation of steps, no miles; Without a trickle, you can't become a river. " The study of modern learning theory reveals that the learning and formation of mental skills depend on accumulation. Gagne, an American educational psychologist, believes that "the process of learning is a process of gradual accumulation." Therefore, we should create all conditions to help students read more books, stimulate their interest in reading, accumulate as many exemplary language materials as possible, accumulate as much language experience as possible, and constantly enrich students' "psychological dictionaries".

Therefore, it is necessary for every student to prepare an accumulation book and copy down the beautiful words and sentences he has learned in reading for future use. In learning, we should always tell students the benefits of accumulating words and tell them that "a good brain is not as good as a bad pen." With the accumulation book, I want to have a small vocabulary warehouse, and I don't have to worry about writing articles anymore. In the accumulation of words, some students may not know which words are good, so we should read some short articles to tell them how to use those words well and improve their appreciation ability.

The purpose of learning is application, and application is more active learning. When answering questions in class or speaking at ordinary times, if students are found to have used extracurricular books or accumulated new words in the books, they should be praised and encouraged immediately. When students use the accumulated good words in their compositions, we add red circles and read them aloud in class. Students are required to write not only fast, but also well and beautifully.

6. Imitation and narration after reading teaching.

After reading an article, talk about what you can learn from writing similar articles, and then imitate the description. Strike while the iron is hot, transfer reading and writing is the best time to practice writing. For example, after reading Walking into Nature, I wrote a sequel, after reading Three Tans on the Moon, I wrote a copy of My Cabin, and after learning Climbing Tiger's Feet, I wrote a copy of Plants. In short, after learning the characters, imitate the characters, and after learning the scenery, imitate the scenery, learn one kind and imitate another, so that students can learn something and imitate it easily and happily. From learning to imitate, to creating and writing, and finally learning to write, write your own style and characteristics.

7. Carry out some practical activities.

Pupils like to take part in various activities. Therefore, creating vivid and diverse activities can make students enjoy reading and feel the importance of reading. Thereby further stimulating their reading enthusiasm.

(1) Read aloud three minutes before class. Three minutes before class, let the students take turns reading a beautiful passage extracted by themselves, which can not only increase the accumulation of vocabulary, but also promote students to read consciously and carefully after class.

(2) Hold a reading and storytelling contest. By holding competitions, we can set off a reading craze in the class, stimulate interest in extracurricular reading and promote students to read a lot.

(3) Combine the content of the text and compile a textbook drama. Students' writing, directing and performance not only improve their reading ability, aesthetic ability, understanding ability, analytical ability and performance ability, but also improve their cooperation ability with others.

(4) Combine a topic and have an interesting debate. On the basis of reading, consolidate reading achievements and cultivate students' oral communication ability.

(5) Carry out the reading activity of "Introduce a good book to you". After screening by themselves, the students introduce a good book they have read to the whole class. In order to express themselves, students must take action, read actively and compare carefully. This not only achieves the purpose of training reading, but also cultivates students' generalization and expression ability.

In a word, reading is a new field of human life and an important spiritual resource for human development. While cultivating primary school students' reading ability, we should pay more attention to stimulating students' interest, guiding reading methods, paying attention to reading effect and giving positive guidance, so that students can develop good reading habits from an early age and promote their healthy, harmonious and all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor.

Article 2:

On how to improve primary school students' reading ability

Books are the ladder of human progress, and reading is an important way for human beings to acquire knowledge. Reading in adolescence is the starting point of a better life, aesthetic emotion and life experience. The Chinese Curriculum Standard stipulates that each primary school student should read at least 6.5438+0.45 million words in six years. The new curriculum standard also points out: cultivate students' extensive reading interest, expand reading scope, increase reading volume, and advocate doing less questions, reading more books, reading good books and reading whole books. This is actually an important requirement for Chinese teachers, that is, how to complete the reading requirements stipulated in the Chinese curriculum standards and help primary school students improve their reading ability. Combined with several years of work experience, the author talks about some superficial views.

First of all, to improve the reading ability of primary school students, we should stimulate reading interest. Russian educator ushinski pointed out: "Without any interest, forced learning will stifle students' willingness to master knowledge. "Only when students are interested will they have a positive demand for reading from the bottom of their hearts. As a Chinese teacher, to stimulate students' reading desire, we should try our best to create a reading environment, provide them with reading time and space, and carry out interesting activities with rich contents and various forms.

Recommend books according to students' differences. When instructing students to read, teachers should recommend suitable books to students according to their age, study period, gender and personality. For example, fairy tales, myths, fables and folktales are the main subjects for senior students in primary schools, and senior students are also interested in biographies and legends besides stories. Girls like books with storylines, while boys are interested in books on sports and science.

As a teacher, we should seize the activity of big reading, and often carry out some reading experience exchange activities such as storytelling, solve riddles on the lanterns, reading experience exchange, knowledge contest, reading contest, book review bulletin board, parents' class, "parent-child reading" and so on, so as to give students opportunities to display their talents. For example, a regular reading meeting is held once a month, at which readers exchange reading experiences. Another example is the story-telling competition held by students in grades five and six. Students in grades three and four can watch the competition, which can achieve twice the result with half the effort. It not only increases their knowledge, exercises their language expression ability, but also finds a role model from it, thus greatly stimulating students' interest in reading.

Secondly, to improve primary school students' reading ability, we should create a strong reading environment and atmosphere. Teachers should give full play to the role of the school library (room), so that the library (room) can effectively serve students and improve the utilization efficiency of the school library (room). Be able to communicate with librarians, open the school library (room) regularly in class, encourage students to borrow books and carry out reading competitions. For example, every day of the week is arranged in classes according to grades, and each class should try to read (borrow) books in the library (room) at least once a week. In addition, parents can be mobilized to help and guide their children to buy some suitable books, make a good reading plan and read in a targeted manner. In this way, primary school students are in a strong reading environment and atmosphere, and can actively look for reading materials and then read with great interest.

Third, to improve primary school students' reading ability, we should guide students to master reading methods. Bacon said: Some books only need to read part of them, some books only need to know the general idea, and for a few good books, we should read them intensively, carefully and repeatedly. There are two ways to read, namely skimming and intensive reading. Skimming is a rough and quick reading of the full text, including style, author, explanation and so on. Its purpose is to clarify the background, grasp the main line, understand the outline of the article and grasp the main idea. And intensive reading is the study of full text. In intensive reading, we should pay attention to the combination of context and comprehensive understanding; We should clear our minds and grasp the meaning of the text; Understand the deep meaning of the article. In intensive reading, students should also be guided to adopt the methods of reading aloud, reciting, writing ideas and abstracting to promote understanding and application. Intensive reading and skimming are interrelated and complementary. If a book is not worth intensive reading, you should generally skim it first to see if there is anything worth intensive reading. For example, if you read some beautiful paragraphs and famous sayings, you might as well extract them and recite them. In this way, the organic combination of intensive reading and skimming can not only ensure a lot of reading, but also ensure the reading effect. For example, after intensive reading and skimming, the teaching material (Hebei Education Edition) arranges the learning content of "reading link". It has the reading characteristics of browsing, expanding the reading range and information without increasing the space; Examples, methods and ways to provide students with search information and materials; Become a port and link point for students to connect with reality, cut into life or infiltrate research-based learning; It provides a growing point for students' oral communication and writing.

In short, under the guidance of the new curriculum standards, improving primary school students' reading ability is a brand-new learning field for students. In order to let them swim in the sea of knowledge, teachers should fully realize the importance of reading ability and actively cultivate primary school students' reading ability.