Study on Quaternary Regional Environmental Geological Problems The investigation, evaluation and prediction of regional geological environment is one of its basic contents, which mainly includes the background value investigation of regional Quaternary geological environment, the comprehensive evaluation of the present situation of geological environment quality, and the investigation and study of various Quaternary environmental geological problems. On this basis, the evolution trend of regional Quaternary geological environment is predicted to serve the national economic construction.
The study of resource development and environmental geology mainly studies the interaction and mutual restriction between human beings, resources and Quaternary geological environment, and studies the distribution pattern of various resources (mineral resources, water resources, land resources, biological resources, scenic resources, etc.). ) and its relationship with the geological environment, study the exploitability and availability of resources and the influence of resource development and utilization on the material cycle and energy cycle of the ecosystem, and study the comprehensive regulation mechanism and optimization technology of resource development to ensure the benign circular development of the geological environment.
Research and Prevention of Geological Disasters Study various geological disasters caused by internal and external dynamic geological processes since Quaternary, study their occurrence mechanism, temporal and spatial distribution law and generation relationship, carry out Quaternary geological disaster risk assessment, establish Quaternary geological disaster monitoring and early warning system in regional or key areas, formulate scientific, economic and reasonable geological disaster prevention plans and measures, and formulate disaster reduction, disaster prevention, post-disaster recovery and reconstruction programs.
Urban environmental geology research has a strong impact on urban environment due to rapid urban construction, rapid population growth and concentrated human activities, which often leads to special environmental geological problems, such as "three wastes" pollution, water resources depletion, foundation settlement, water resources development and land subsidence caused by seawater intrusion. Therefore, it is necessary to study the causes, mechanisms and prevention measures of urban environmental pollution and destruction, establish urban geological environment monitoring system, carry out comprehensive evaluation and change trend prediction of urban geological environment quality, compile urban environmental geological map, and put forward prevention countermeasures of urban environmental geological problems, so as to provide basis for urban planning and construction.
Environmental geology research of major engineering construction At present, the influence of large-scale engineering construction activities on geological environment is becoming more and more obvious. The environmental impact on areas with concentrated population and active economic construction is more serious. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relationship between human engineering activities (construction engineering, mining engineering, water conservancy engineering, etc.). ) and Quaternary geology, focusing on the response of human engineering activities to the Quaternary geological environment and various geological disasters induced by it, and carrying out geological environment capacity evaluation, geological disaster risk evaluation and geological environment quality profit and loss evaluation of resettlement projects.
Medical environmental geology studies the influence of Quaternary geological environment on human health, especially the geological factors that may increase the morbidity and mortality of some human diseases. At the same time, it is necessary to study the mechanism and prevention measures of various pollutants directly or indirectly affecting human health or endangering human life. At present, the study of environmental geochemistry is not limited to endemic diseases, but begins to involve many aspects of the influence of essential elements or harmful elements on life. Therefore, environmental geochemistry and environmental hydrogeochemistry will be enriched and developed by combining life sciences.
Quaternary Eco-environmental Geology Research Quaternary Eco-environmental geology research is the basis of land and resources planning and management, and the research content is comprehensive, including the state and nature of Quaternary geological environment, the restrictive effect of Quaternary geological environment on human survival, the influence and function of Quaternary geological environment changes on ecosystem balance, the influence of human activities on ecosystem, and the related laws between geological environment and ecosystem.
Application of modern science and technology in Quaternary geology: Quaternary geology is a highly comprehensive interdisciplinary subject, involving a wide range of contents, many research fields and a large amount of geological environment monitoring data. The development of computer and network communication, satellite remote sensing (RS), global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS), virtual reality (VR) and mass data storage has provided great convenience for the automatic transmission, management, analysis and visualization of geological disaster monitoring data. Using these advanced technologies, international monitoring networks such as global environmental observation system, earthquake disaster monitoring network and global terrestrial observation system have been established. Based on geographic information system, establishing environmental geological information database, studying various environmental geological information processing technologies and simulating and analyzing the evolution process of various environmental geological disasters are also one of the key topics in environmental geology research. More and more attention has been paid to the application of nonlinear scientific theories and methods in studying the gradual change and mutation of environmental geological problems such as earthquakes, landslides and collapses, and the relationship between human engineering activities and the "self-organized criticality" characteristics of disaster processes.
Research, development or introduction of advanced technology to treat municipal refuse, control groundwater and soil pollution, and carry out comprehensive improvement of mine environment reflect the applied discipline nature of Quaternary geology.