Reflections on moral norms Part I: On the professional ethics of college teachers.
Teachers' professional ethics is the sum of relatively stable moral concepts, behavior norms and qualities formed by teachers in long-term educational practice, and it is the concentrated embodiment of teachers' ideological consciousness, moral quality and mental outlook. Based on the author's personal experience, this paper puts forward that the early cultivation of young teachers' morality should be based on love, responsibility and dedication; Teaching, scientific research and serving the society; Educational concept, teaching style and teaching art are three points.
Keywords: professional ethics; Dedication; Social welfare work
An excellent teacher must be a teacher with noble professional ethics. Only the feelings of respecting education, advocating science, and the sense of responsibility and love for this job are the unremitting motivation to actively care about students' success and study professional knowledge diligently in daily work and life. I deeply feel that being a good university teacher is not a simple matter.
As a teacher, there are always some ideas firmly planted in my heart. Love, responsibility, dedication. As young teachers, facing the new working environment, new roles and special working objects, we need to keep love, responsibility and dedication in mind. Facing the lovely and lively college students, we have just come out of college and have not completely changed from this role, which requires us to change our roles quickly and actively participate in our work. Loving, loving students and understanding students patiently are the first steps for us to enter a new position. University stage is an important stage for the formation and stability of outlook on life, values and world outlook, and university teachers shoulder the sacred mission of guiding and establishing correct concepts. This requires us to set an example in our work and life, influence him through knowledge and behavior, educate him and play an exemplary role. Some people say that "letting things go smoothly" is an image generalization that describes the influence of teachers on students. I think, besides being silent, we need to guide students in a planned, purposeful and orderly way. This requires young teachers to master professional knowledge, prepare lessons carefully, update their knowledge in time and so on. All these require young teachers to learn and practice. Contemporary college students are enthusiastic, cheerful, lively and enterprising. With them, they are good at discovering and learning. I think we will get along better. At the same time, college students have obvious psychological characteristics: self-awareness is enhanced but immature; Abstract thinking develops rapidly, but it is easy to be subjective and one-sided; Rich in feelings but with great mood swings; The level of will is obviously improved, but it is unbalanced and unstable. These characteristics tell us that young teachers should strengthen the study of mental health knowledge, and when students are faced with psychological confusion, they can effectively guide or find suitable experts for help. It is often said that "teachers are engineers of the human soul", are "gardeners" who cultivate a new generation, and are the most glorious profession in the world. Thus, the title of teacher is both an honor and a responsibility. As a young teacher, we should remember the word "dedication". In any post, if you care too much about gains and losses, your job satisfaction will be low, which will lead to a decline in your work enthusiasm. If you have dedication, your work will be more motivated.
Teaching, scientific research and serving the society. For young college teachers who have just stepped onto the platform, what they lack is not only experience, but more importantly, the reserve of professional knowledge. Therefore, it is more necessary to cherish every learning opportunity, constantly strengthen their professional ability, constantly pay attention to their knowledge accumulation, always maintain a positive learning attitude, and advocate the concept of lifelong learning. Teaching needs not only knowledge, but also skills. We should communicate with experienced teachers more, consult modestly, and strive to be competent for teaching tasks as soon as possible. Scientific research, as an important task of college teachers, cannot be relaxed. Most college teachers are newly graduated graduate students, so they need to continue to transfer their research methods and loneliness-tolerant mentality to new jobs. Just entering a new post, you need to be familiar with the research fields of various colleges, combine your own professional characteristics and advantages, play a team spirit, produce results as soon as possible, and form good research habits. Similarly, when facing students, we should also be good at cultivating students' scientific research consciousness, pay attention to cultivating students' creativity from their ability characteristics, form a good scientific research atmosphere and serve the society. Teachers have taught us from an early age to study hard and make contributions to society in the future. After studying for so many years, it seems that the most direct and simple goal has been forgotten. When the teacher said the goal of teaching and educating people and serving the society, he was suddenly surprised and suddenly enlightened. It turns out that serving the society is the truest embodiment of a person's value. This requires college teachers to pay attention to the trend of professional development and keep close contact with society, so as to better guide students' future study and employment and expand and continue the value of education. I want to keep this in mind in my future work, do my best, do what I can, and make contributions to society and people in need. I think our value will be reflected. Of course, to serve the society well, one's basic quality and ability need to be further strengthened, and it is essential to improve one's basic quality and oneself.
Educational concept, teaching style and teaching art Some teachers think that college students still need strict requirements; Some teachers ask college students to develop freely; Some teachers said that we should give guidance; Some teachers pay more attention to the dissemination of students' knowledge. What kind of educational concept or classroom style is really correct and most suitable for the training mode of college students? Furthermore, which teaching style is most suitable for Wuhan college students? The definition of teaching style in Educational Dictionary is: the demeanor and style that reflects the personal characteristics of teachers in the teaching process. The comprehensive performance of teachers' teaching ideas and teaching art features is unique and stable. There is a constructivism theory in pedagogy, which holds that the acquisition of knowledge is the product of the combination of external stimulus and internal knowledge. I think the formation and acquisition of educational ideas and teaching styles also need to be combined with their own characteristics and students' needs. It has been said that the formation of teachers' teaching style can be divided into three stages: model, innovation and maturity. This tells young teachers to learn more from experienced teachers, attend more lectures and summarize more, and then creatively use better teaching methods according to their own characteristics to form their own mature and applied teaching mode. I think this exercise process is both an exploration and a growth process.
Education plan, teacher-oriented; Teachers' plans are based on teachers' ethics. Teachers' morality, that is, teachers' professional ethics, is the sum of relatively stable moral concepts, codes of conduct and qualities formed by teachers in long-term educational practice activities, and it is the concentrated embodiment of teachers' ideological consciousness, moral quality and mental outlook. College teachers shoulder the sacred mission of the times, and I think I must keep the above three points in mind.
I still remember that shortly after I started my job, I met a situation where the life of a student was affected by excessive pressure. I tried to help him find a solution with care and understanding. After several conversations, he eased, but did not fundamentally eliminate his fears. Finally, under the guidance of professional teachers in the school mental health center, he gradually became cheerful and worked hard in the face of learning. Through this incident, I also saw the role of professional knowledge in helping students grow up, which made me realize my deficiency in mental health knowledge and felt full of satisfaction in the process of helping students. I realize that problems are always the best opportunity for progress, but this is the first step to help you face the problems. In the process of helping students get rid of confusion and grow up, why not constantly enrich and improve themselves?
Knowing your own shortcomings and theoretical knowledge may not be easy to really practice. As an ideological and political educator of college students, we must understand the ideological and psychological trends of students at all stages. To truly integrate into students, we need not only to master rich knowledge of mental health education and management skills, but also to always pay attention to the political trends of the country, grasp the ideological and political orientation of young students, and be a good ideological guide for college students. Only in this way can we give full play to the value of college students' ideological and political educators.
References:
[1] Shi Ping. Reflections on the Construction of Teachers' Morality in Education Reform [J]. New Curriculum Reform and Practice, 2009,4 (9):166-167.
[2] Jiang Meimei. Reflections on Young Teachers' Early Professional Ethics [J]. China Education Development Research, 2009,6 (11): 4-5.
[3] Cheng Cuiping. On the teaching method of ideological and political theory course from the psychological characteristics of college students [J]. Forum on Higher Education, 2009, 10 (10): 55-57.
[4] Feng Deqing. My opinion on teachers' morality [J]. China Education Development Research, June 2009 (11): 87-88.
[5] Rebecca. On the Formation of Teachers' Style [J]. Journal of Liaoning University (Social Philosophy Edition), 2006, (1): 5-33.
Yin Zuoyou, Wu Xue. Research on the Application of Knowledge in Teaching [J]. Journal of bohai university (Natural Science Edition), 2009,30 (3): 270-274.
[7] Yu, Teachers' teaching style under the new curriculum concept [J]. Journal of Guangxi Institute of Education, 2009, (3): 48-5 1.
Reflections on moral norms Part II: Moral norms, starting with me.
Teachers use good teaching mode to show the charm of ideological and moral course, and flexibly use multimedia-assisted teaching mode on the basis of traditional teaching mode. This paper analyzes the multimedia-aided ideological and moral teaching mode.
Keywords: ideological and moral quality; Teaching mode; Multimedia; Morality and society
A harmonious society requires people to have good ideological and moral qualities, which should be cultivated from childhood, starting with dolls. Therefore, when offering the subject of primary school ideology and morality in primary schools, teachers should highlight the charm of ideology and morality with good teaching mode, and flexibly use multimedia-assisted teaching on the basis of traditional teaching mode to stimulate students' enthusiasm in ideological and moral lessons, and look at social moral behavior, moral emotion and moral quality from the perspective of multimedia.
Multimedia teaching shows classroom knowledge to the fullest, which makes students have a deeper understanding of the content of ideological and moral course and the significance of setting up this subject. Teachers' decisive choice of multimedia teaching mode among many teaching modes can be said to be the performance of modern avant-garde and the frontier of improving modern teaching level. Using multimedia teaching mode to make students better understand the true meaning of knowledge. Then, how should teachers skillfully use multimedia teaching mode to explain the subject of ideology and morality?
1 Improve the initiative of exploration.
Bruner, a famous educator, said: knowledge acquisition is an active process, and learners should not be passive recipients of information, but active participants in the acquisition process. In this case, teachers should know that students' learning knowledge is not blindly instilled by teachers, but constantly guides students to actively pursue and explore, so as to better grasp the true meaning of knowledge. How can students open their thinking space and stimulate their interest in exploring knowledge? The traditional teaching mode is not effective, but the application of modern educational technology can improve students' active exploration of knowledge. Modern teaching methods use unique attributes to make knowledge alive, concretize some abstract knowledge, skillfully present some basic moral concepts to students, and let their young hearts be touched by knowledge. When students see the activation of textbooks, driven by curiosity, they will love ideological and moral lessons more, and naturally increase their desire to explore actively, thus achieving the expected results of teachers.
2 Harmonious teaching, role participation
In the teaching process, teachers should use efficient teaching mode to convey ideological and political knowledge to students. The single mode is only explained by the teacher, which is not novel and the students don't understand it thoroughly. Under the impetus of multimedia teaching mode, teachers can make knowledge into slides to show the connotation of knowledge. Teachers can play some moral events to effectively explain the nature of knowledge, guide students to become examples, participate in roles and let students perform stories. In this way, students can highlight the essence of the whole story by playing the story characters and better understand the ideological connotation of the text. At the same time, tell students some similar social experiences through examples, so that everyone has the feeling of being there. After students play a good role, they can be evaluated by other students, and they can also understand the specific meaning of knowledge. The teacher finally gave some advice. Only in this way can students fully devote their energy and see the root of social morality through their words and deeds.
For example, in the class of "Parents' Love", teachers let students play their own parents, experience their parents' good intentions in the form of drama, further understand their parents' selflessness and greatness, let students feel their parents' affection, and let them better understand how to honor their parents and respect their elders.
3 Understand the true meaning of knowledge
The effective application of multimedia teaching mode in ideological and moral lessons in primary schools can improve students' understanding ability and make them understand the connotation of knowledge. Nowadays, the society requires people to have a good moral level and the teaching department to teach students moral knowledge in a targeted manner. And primary school is the basic stage of moral learning. Teachers should innovate the teaching mode, show many life examples to students by using multimedia, and let everyone understand why they should study ideological and moral lessons. In the process of imparting knowledge, teachers constantly expand the content, while the traditional model can only make everyone understand, but not really make students understand. Multimedia teaching mode can explain knowledge well.
In the classroom of primary school teaching thinking, teachers can show a teaching example with multimedia and then teach moral knowledge. Students can give their own examples after understanding. In this way, students are just like watching TV. After watching the program, they can have a feeling. For example, in teaching the lesson "Save Water from Me", teachers can broadcast some programs about the thirst for water in arid areas through multimedia. Students can see from the programs that children of the same age save water for several days or even a month, without washing their faces or taking a bath, which makes it difficult to drink water. They will be filled with emotion when they see this place, and then everyone will talk about the waste of water they have encountered. This kind of teaching is much better than the traditional single mode, which constantly promotes students' active learning.
Organize debates to deepen understanding.
Pupils' moral knowledge should not be confined to books. Teachers should activate boring things and let students enter real life. Teachers can organize activities in class, so that students can really apply what they have learned to their lives. In the thinking class of primary schools, teachers can organize various activities, such as debates, speeches, plays and so on. By creating moral cognitive conflicts or grasping students' cognitive conflicts, students can solve problems through debate. This can stimulate students' interest in learning and promote their thinking and speculative ability. In the debate, students can improve their moral judgment ability and moral behavior ability. Teachers' effective teaching in class can make students have advanced performance ability. Among them, in the process of student activities, teachers can also effectively understand students' ability to master knowledge and see where there are shortcomings. Teachers constantly create conflicts of moral cognition in the whole teaching process, and at the same time create an activity environment for students. Only in activities can students master the connotation of knowledge.
5. Carry out practice and integrate knowledge with practice.
The teaching of thinking class in primary schools needs to pay attention to understanding and extracurricular guidance. In classroom multimedia teaching, students have understood the classroom knowledge, but in ideological and moral teaching, teachers should help students understand the essence of knowledge with practical activities. In addition to classroom training, teachers should also practice and train students' thinking in school, so that students can carry out targeted practical activities, gain a lot of knowledge in practical activities, and gain perceptual knowledge at the same time, and finally form moral evaluation ability. While learning moral evaluation, we should also know and understand moral behavior and moral emotion, which can also promote the improvement of students' moral quality. Now most students are only children, and most of them are spoiled by their parents. They often ignore moral feelings and moral concepts and have no moral bottom line for others. In view of this situation, teachers can organize practical activities to let students feel the moral behavior around them in their lives. Tao Xingzhi, a famous educator in China, emphasized the integration of doing, learning and teaching. He said: "dry teaching is true; Students learn practical learning. " The practice of ideological and moral course is a manifestation of "learning by doing", which promotes the transformation of students from "knowledge" to "action", thus realizing the unity of knowledge and practice.
6 knowledge summary, profound experience
The thinking concept of primary school students is not very mature. Teachers should constantly sum up in the teaching process to help students strengthen their memory, constantly promote their understanding of knowledge and consolidate their knowledge in an all-round way. In this link, teachers can use multimedia teaching mode to summarize knowledge, so that students can better understand knowledge. The traditional way of summarizing is that teachers only explain and summarize knowledge, while multimedia teaching mode can help students in a flexible way and let them deeply understand knowledge.
7 abstract
In a word, multimedia teaching mode can help students better understand knowledge. Primary school students are at the age of moral formation, and efficient teaching mode of ideological and moral course can promote the formation of students' noble moral character. Teachers should create rich, flexible, intuitive and open activities to improve teaching efficiency and students' participation ability. Harmonious society requires people to improve their moral quality. Therefore, teachers should constantly innovate teaching methods and educate the new generation with noble morality.
refer to
[1] Yan Zhenbu. On the cultivation of divergent thinking in the process of thinking [J]. New Curriculum: Middle School, 2010 (11): 96.
[2] Liu Jian. Primary School Students' Ideological and Moral Evaluation [J]. New Curriculum Research: Basic Education, 2007(9).
[3] Guo Qiufen. Thinking about the "point" of classroom teaching [J]. China Educational Technology Equipment, 2010 (1):143.
Reflections on Moral Norms Part III: Accounting Professional Ethics
Abstract: With the development of market economy, accounting is also developing. It is the common aspiration of the whole society to establish a market economy based on honesty. In recent years, the issue of accounting professional ethics has increasingly become the focus of attention, which fully demonstrates the importance of accounting professional ethics. This paper discusses some personal views from eight aspects of accounting professional ethics.
[Keywords:] accounting professional ethics
Professional ethics is the moral standard that people engaged in a certain profession follow in their professional activities. It is not only a moral requirement for the behavior of people in this industry in their professional activities, but also a moral responsibility and obligation that this industry should bear to society. Accounting professional ethics is the concrete embodiment of general social morality in accounting work, and it is a social norm that guides and restricts accounting behavior and adjusts the relationship between accountants and society, accountants and different interest groups and accountants. It belongs to the ideological category and is an important aspect of socialist professional ethics. Below, make a simple discussion on accounting professional ethics.
First, love and dedication is the primary premise of accounting professional ethics.
Love and dedication require accountants to love accounting work, feel at ease, be loyal to their duties, do their best and do their duty.
Attitude is everything. As an accountant, we should have a good professional attitude and closely link the development of the unit with our own work, which is the primary premise of accounting professional ethics and the starting point of doing all the work well. As an accountant, we should fully understand the position, nature and role of our job in the whole process of economic and social development, understand the social significance and moral value of our job, cultivate professional pride and sense of responsibility, correct professional thinking, clarify the purpose of service, establish good professional quality, rigorous work style, have strong professionalism, enterprising spirit and excellent basic skills, and be careful and meticulous. A few days ago, I was lucky enough to listen to the speech of the advanced deeds propaganda group of "Guo Nalu Flight". The main reason why they have made extraordinary achievements in ordinary posts is that they really love their work and do their best with a high sense of professionalism and responsibility.
Two, honesty and trustworthiness is the basic requirement of accounting professional ethics.
Honesty and trustworthiness require accountants to be honest and trustworthy, tell the truth, do honest things, be cautious in practice, have the highest reputation, and not be tempted by interests, cheat or reveal secrets.
"Take honesty as the foundation, put morality first, abide by the rules, and don't make false accounts". This is Zhu? Premier Ji's requirements for accounting work are also the basic professional ethics and code of conduct for accountants. Since ancient times, people regard honesty and trustworthiness as the highest realm of morality, and also regard it as the basic requirement of morality and the basic criterion of being a man. Honesty and trustworthiness require accountants to stress credibility in their work, conduct accounting according to actual economic business, not to resort to deceit, not to be tempted by interests, and to maintain good personality and quality. At present, accounting fraud occurs from time to time, and the reason is that it violates the basic professional requirement of honesty and trustworthiness.
Third, honesty and self-discipline are the inherent constraints of accounting professional ethics.
Honesty and self-discipline require accountants to be clear about public and private, not greedy and not possessive, law-abiding, honest and clean.
Honesty is the basis of accounting professional ethics self-discipline, and self-discipline is the guarantee of honesty, and the two cannot be neglected. Honesty and self-discipline is an important feature of accounting professional ethics, and it is also the basic measure to measure accounting personnel's professional ethics. Only by adhering to principles and not seeking personal gain in our work can we handle all aspects of relations well. Accountants deal with money and things all day. If they can't be honest and self-disciplined, they may embark on the road of crime and eventually ruin their future. As the saying goes, "take someone's hand short and eat someone's mouth soft." If you are greedy for a short time, you will do things that violate professional ethics over time, and you will not have the courage to point out some violations of laws and regulations in your unit. If you let yourself go, you are more likely to get involved and end up with a sad end. Our accountant just wants to "walk by the river forever and don't get wet"!
Fourthly, objectivity and justice are the core soul of accounting professional ethics.
Objective justice requires accountants to have a correct attitude, act according to law, seek truth from facts, be impartial and maintain their due independence.
In their work, accountants must faithfully and accurately reflect various economic activities in a spirit of seeking truth from facts and an objective and fair attitude, and must not resort to deceit. Maintaining the authenticity of accounting information is the minimum requirement of accounting professional ethics, the soul of accounting personnel's professional ethics, and the professional quality that every accounting personnel should have. Objectivity and fairness require accountants to abide by various laws, regulations, standards and systems in their work, record and reflect the production and business activities of their own units objectively and fairly according to law, and leave the actual objective economic matters, so accounting treatment can only be false accounts. In practical work, some accountants work hard and seriously, but turn a blind eye to some illegal acts. There are always some things that have nothing to do with themselves and hang high, thinking that as long as they are not greedy, they will lose the function of accounting supervision and lack a sense of objectivity and justice.
Five, adhere to the standards is the top priority of accounting professional ethics.
Adhering to the standards requires accountants to be familiar with the national laws and regulations and the unified national accounting system, always adhere to the requirements of laws and regulations and the unified national accounting system for accounting, and implement accounting supervision.
This is the code of conduct and specific requirements that accountants abide by in accounting work, and it is the top priority of accounting professional ethics. As an accountant, in order to better perform their duties and adapt to the work, we must first seriously study and be familiar with the laws and regulations of the country and the unified accounting system of the country, so as to know the law and break the law in handling economic business without being influenced by subjectivity or the will of others. In the process of accounting and supervision, accountants should be brave and good at implementing various laws and regulations, resolutely act according to the law and regulations, and not yield to external pressure, thus safeguarding the interests of the state and investors. Therefore, accountants are required to have a high sense of political responsibility, and keep a clear head at all times while firmly establishing financial and legal awareness.
Six, improving skills is the requirement of the times of accounting professional ethics.
Improving skills requires accountants to enhance their consciousness and sense of urgency to improve their professional skills, study hard, study assiduously, keep forging ahead and improve their professional level.
Accounting is a professional, technical and practical job, which requires accountants to have solid professional knowledge and skills. With the development of market economy, the requirements for accounting are getting higher and higher. With the deepening of reform and opening up, many new problems and situations have emerged in economic life. The accounting profession is facing many brand-new topics, and the accounting knowledge and theory are updated at an unprecedented speed. Not studying means falling behind and being eliminated by the times. Therefore, accountants must constantly study and study hard in practice to meet the needs of work development. Our bureau organizes accounting business competitions every year, such as abacus competition, accounting knowledge quiz and so on. , has played a certain role in promoting the professional level of accounting personnel.
Seven, participation in management is an effective way of accounting professional ethics.
Participating in management requires accountants to study related businesses while doing their jobs well, be fully familiar with the business activities and processes of their own units, take the initiative to put forward rationalization suggestions, assist leaders in making decisions, and actively participate in management.
Accounting personnel should be familiar with the production and operation management of their own units, master their production and operation capabilities, technical equipment capabilities, product markets and resource conditions, demonstrate the feasibility of input and output from the perspective of accounting work, actively make suggestions for leaders, take the initiative to put forward rationalization proposals, participate in the operation and management activities of their own units, truly play the role of financial management masters, and become staff assistants at the decision-making level, and cannot passively keep accounts, settle accounts and submit accounts.
Eight, strengthening service is the fundamental guarantee of accounting professional ethics.
Strengthening service requires accountants to establish service awareness, improve service quality, and strive to maintain and enhance the good social image of the accounting industry.
The service attitude of accountants is directly related to the reputation of the accounting industry and the efficiency of the whole industry. Good service attitude, strict law enforcement and thoughtful service of accountants can improve the reputation of accounting industry. Therefore, accountants should establish a strong sense of service, constantly explore and innovate, strive to improve service level, service quality and service efficiency, and use the accounting information and accounting methods they have mastered to serve the economic subjects and the public.
To sum up, a profound understanding and accurate grasp of the basic connotation of accounting professional ethics is the premise and foundation for educating and guiding the accountants to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, stress morality and honesty in their life and work, and truly become conscious moral practitioners in accordance with the provisions on accounting professional ethics in the Basic Accounting Work Standard, the Implementation Outline of Chinese Citizens' Moral Construction and the Socialist Concept of Honor and Disgrace put forward by Comrade Hu Jintao. Be a qualified accountant.
References:
[1] Li. Accounting professional ethics. beijing institute of technology press
[2] Li Ling. On accounting professional ethics, Traffic Accounting, 20 10.6.
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