Enterprise Integrity Paper 1 On the Integrity of Private Enterprises
At present, China is in a major social transition period, and the lack of honesty in private enterprises is a common phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the credit status of private enterprises under the condition of socialist market economy, as well as the current situation and reasons of the credit problems of private enterprises, and to formulate measures to deal with the lack of credit in private enterprises from various aspects. This has reference significance for the governance of the current lack of integrity in private enterprises.
Keywords private enterprises; Honesty; Problem research
In recent years, in the process of China's market economy operation, the phenomenon of lack of honesty in private enterprises is rampant, from milk powder to furniture, from real estate to home appliances, and even medicines and foods. Quality gate? Frequent incidents have greatly reduced our trust in product quality, greatly increased consumers' doubts and worries about food, clothing, housing and transportation and even the whole social living environment, and stripped the trust between people and society. While private enterprises in China have made impressive achievements, some private enterprises have also left a painful place-lack of integrity. This not only affects the development of private enterprises, but also brings adverse effects to social and economic development. The serious dishonesty of private enterprises is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
(1) The relationship between private enterprises and the government lacks integrity.
Judging from the legal and credit relationship between private enterprises and the government, the government has very strict restrictions on the lending of private enterprises, which leads to the non-national treatment of private enterprises, which is a manifestation of the government's distrust of private enterprises and its wariness. At the same time, some private enterprises engage in illegal activities such as tax evasion, tax evasion, smuggling, foreign exchange fraud and export tax rebate fraud, as well as making false accounts and providing false financial reports to cope with the inspection by government departments, which further deepens the government's overall distrust of private enterprises.
(2) Private enterprises lack the trust of consumers.
Many private enterprises lack the necessary concept of good faith in treating consumers, do not act according to the principle of good faith, practice fraud in business activities, and even violate the principle of good faith management. They only consider their immediate actual interests, not long-term interests, not the interests of consumers, and all kinds of behaviors that harm the interests of consumers have appeared, seriously damaging the image of enterprises.
(3) Lack of honesty in the relationship between private enterprises.
The unfair competition between private enterprises is the first manifestation of the lack of mutual credit. Including counterfeiting registered trademarks of others; Fabricating and spreading false facts, damaging the business reputation of competitors; In order to crowd out competitors and engage in low-price dumping, it not only hurts their relationship, but also leads to consumers' distrust of private enterprises as a whole.
(4) Private enterprises lack credibility with employees.
In terms of human resources policy, private enterprises are often deeply influenced by the traditional patriarchal clan system, and the relationship between people is always treated differently according to the distance. Carry on the father's footsteps and be crony? It is a common phenomenon in private enterprises. In private enterprises, family members have obvious sense of superiority, while non-family members, even if they work very hard, are difficult to integrate into the family circle and enter the core of enterprise leadership. Many excellent talents leave because they can't give full play to their talents. At the same time, private enterprises generally have no trade union organizations, and labor disputes are growing faster than other enterprises, which leads to the inability of enterprises to retain outstanding employees and limits their development. In the modern fierce market competition, the quality and quantity of talents are the key to the success or failure of enterprises, and the obvious defects of private enterprises in employing people are self-evident. It should be noted that private enterprises will never grow up if they don't trust their employees and rely on a narrow internal talent network.
In view of the current situation of the lack of honesty in private enterprises, the author puts forward the construction of honesty mechanism combining internal and external of private enterprises as a policy.
(1) Strengthen the government's supervision over private enterprises and improve the government's supervision and guarantee mechanism.
On the one hand, the government should become the builder of social credit system, guarantee credit behavior, establish credit systems such as breach of trust restraint and punishment mechanism, and strengthen the management of credit reporting industry by means of government and industry management; At the same time, the government should also become the defender of the social credit system and supervise the disclosure and use of information by market economic entities according to law. The government should cooperate with social credit information intermediaries, establish an open social credit and enterprise credit information network, cultivate and promote the development of intermediaries, and supervise the legality and authenticity of their information disclosure. Reduce the number of enterprises and governments, enterprises and intermediary organizations, enterprises and enterprises? Black box? Operation, encourage and support enterprises and consumers to resolutely avoid economic relations with enterprises and operators who contact dishonest network files, so that untrustworthy enterprises have nowhere to hide, and truly realize the supervision and guarantee role of the government.
(2) Strengthen the construction of credit legal system, and establish the punishment mechanism for safeguarding rights and breaking promises of private enterprises.
The construction of credit legal system in China is the most important guarantee for the establishment of credit mechanism of private enterprises, and it is also an essential weapon for the orderly development of market economy. Market economy is both a credit economy and a legal economy. Only by establishing a complete legal system can we play an effective heteronomy role in all subjects of economic activities and make up for the defects that moral constraints sometimes fail to achieve. Our country pursues? There are laws to follow, laws to be followed, strict law enforcement and violators to be prosecuted? The application of judicial principles in the construction of credit legal system requires complete legislation and strict law enforcement.
(3) Improve the property right system of private enterprises and lay the foundation for the credit construction of private enterprises.
Many private enterprises are partnerships, and quite a few are family businesses. This kind of partnership is legally unlimited liability, and the property rights of each partner are not clear. Each partner is one of the owners and one of the operators, and they have to bear all the risks of the enterprise. Therefore, if such enterprises grow bigger, unclear property rights will inevitably lead to two problems, namely, conflict of interest and conflict of decision-making. Many private family businesses have declined because of this internal conflict. Therefore, this enterprise system is not conducive to private enterprises to become bigger and stronger. Facing the rapid development of market economy, the family management system of private enterprises has lagged behind the requirements of economic development. Private enterprises urgently need to move from traditional enterprise mode to modern enterprise system, establish joint-stock enterprises, clarify property rights, and define the rights, responsibilities and interests of shareholders by shares.
(4) Enhance information symmetry and transparency, and build a credit information sharing mechanism.
Establishing the credit mechanism of private enterprises is a huge systematic project. In addition to the corresponding legal measures and government actions, the development and growth of social credit intermediaries is also very important. Credit intermediary is a company that conducts enterprise credit investigation, collection, evaluation, guarantee and consultation. In China, only by taking credit intermediaries as the main body and establishing a modern credit organization that meets the requirements of market economy can we build a credit information sharing mechanism that is beneficial to all members of society, enhance the symmetry and transparency of information, and curb the dishonesty of private enterprises.
(5) Take honesty as the core of corporate culture and build the honesty culture of private enterprises.
For private enterprises, the integrity content of corporate culture is one of the essential elements of corporate philosophy. Most private enterprises lack modern management system, and the rule of man is greater than the legal system. To be sure, health and honesty are deeply rooted in corporate culture, which can weaken or even replace the excessive existence of personal influence in enterprises, reduce the probability that private entrepreneurs can't resist the temptation of interests and make dishonest behaviors, and create favorable conditions for the honest operation and stable development of enterprises.
On Enterprise Integrity Management II
At present, the serious lack of enterprise credit has become a major obstacle to the establishment and improvement of the socialist market economy. The reasons lie in the imperfect legal system, the imperfect social credit system, the low cost of dishonesty, the high cost of credit collection and the existence of local protection. How to establish and improve the punishment mechanism for dishonesty, continuously improve the social credit environment, realize the sharing of credit information and establish the internal credit management system of enterprises through the efforts of the government, enterprises and society has become an urgent problem.
Integrity management; Credit system; Breach of trust punishment
Since the reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements, but with the economic development, there have also been many problems that people do not want to see. Poisoned rice, waste oil, poison capsules and other incidents occur constantly. It is not uncommon to evade debts and deceive the government and investors by making false accounts, and false advertisements and false information abound. The lack of enterprise credit has become a prominent problem in China's economic construction. This not only disturbs the market economic order, increases the social operation cost, reduces the economic efficiency, corrupts social morality, damages the image of China enterprises and the country, but also seriously hinders the sustainable development of the national economy. Discuss the reasons from the following aspects.
First, the reasons for the lack of corporate integrity in China
At present, there are many reasons for the lack of honesty in the economic life of enterprises in China, specifically the following aspects:
(A) the legal system is not perfect, the law enforcement is weak, and the cost of dishonesty is too low.
Under the condition of market economy, enterprises are profit-oriented economic organizations, and enterprises pursue the maximization of profits. There are bounded rationality and opportunistic behaviors in enterprise economic activities. So far, China has not formulated a law directly related to credit management. Although there are relevant provisions on honesty, law-abiding and illegality in relevant laws, they are still not enough to form strong legal norms and constraints on various acts of dishonesty in society, and obviously cannot control the changeable situation of enterprises on credit issues. The blank that cannot be followed in the implementation process has left legal loopholes for the faithless and forgers, and also caused difficulties in law enforcement. Secondly, in the process of law enforcement, if the law is not obeyed, the law enforcement is unfair, or the execution of the judgment results is not strong, the seriousness and coercive power of the law will be lost, and the untrustworthy will not be severely punished in time, that is, the punishment for the untrustworthy is too light and the cost of dishonesty is too low, so that the enterprise will still be profitable after being punished.
(2) The credit information, credit supervision system and credit service market are not perfect.
There is no perfect credit investigation, credit supervision system and credit service market in China, which is manifested in the lack of laws, confusion of supervision subject and authority, unclear positioning of supervision content and supervision object, ineffective protection of subject rights and interests, and imperfect supervision methods. To know the credit status of an enterprise is either very difficult or the cost is too high. The inequality and unsmooth information have contributed to the illegal growth of some enterprises.
(C) the government's behavior orientation and management supervision of functional departments are weak.
Government behavior orientation.
At the present stage of China's economic transition, social transformation and the initial establishment of market economy system, the government's ruling concept, means and integrity, as well as the transformation of government functions, directly affect the integrity management of enterprises and the integrity of the whole society. Under the condition of market economy, all problems that can be solved through fair competition in the market and the mechanism of survival of the fittest should be handed over to the market or social intermediary institutions to solve. The government's management of enterprises is mainly to be a good referee, supervise and punish enterprises' breach of contract and illegal behavior, provide social services for enterprises, standardize market order, and create a good social environment to encourage and promote enterprises' honest operation.
Government functional departments are disorderly in management, with multiple policies and policy fights, and there are problems of buck passing, poor supervision or unfair supervision; The interests of functional departments are inflated, fees are charged indiscriminately, fines are imposed indiscriminately, and levies are imposed indiscriminately. For the sake of local economic development and their own achievements, some local governments deliberately favor local enterprises, turn a blind eye to the phenomenon of counterfeiting and malicious deception of consumers, and even directly act as their umbrella. The deepest harm to the connivance of dishonesty is the bad influence on society, which makes the wind of enterprise dishonesty spread and harms the whole society, which will lead to the public's lack of confidence and belief in social development and disintegrate people's insistence on honesty.
Second, the government, enterprises and social response measures
Paying attention to credit is the basic principle to deal with the relationship between market economy, and strictly observing credit is the basic premise for the normal operation of the whole economic system. How the government, society and enterprises construct a perfect modern market system and promote the honest management of enterprises is a key problem to be solved urgently.
(1) government countermeasures:
Accelerate the construction of social credit system. Pay close attention to the establishment of enterprise and individual credit information collection system, credit market supervision and management system and dishonesty punishment system. Integrate * * * to enjoy the existing credit information resources, on the basis of realizing the interconnection of credit information in industries and regions, vigorously promote the interconnection of credit information nationwide, give full play to the supervision and restraint of credit information on dishonesty, and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's credit information service industry.
Strengthen supervision and improve the credit service market system. Standardize the development of credit service agencies and rating agencies, formulate the basic code of conduct for credit service agencies, and strictly implement the access standards for credit reporting agencies and their employees. Strengthen the construction of government integrity. The government and its departments should play an exemplary role, adhere to administration according to law, promote the openness of government affairs, and constantly enhance their credibility. Establish and improve a systematic legal system for credit management and strengthen legislation and law enforcement. Strengthen legislation, make efforts to make up for the loopholes in the market economic order, turn standardizing the market economy into legal acts by relying on the power of law, severely crack down on all kinds of dishonest acts, try cases fairly and quickly, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and consumers.
Accelerate the separation of government from enterprise and standardize government behavior. Transform government functions, completely cut off the connection between government administrative power and the market, especially reduce the trading behavior of government departments. Adhere to the principle of transparency, the form of administrative power should be clear and detailed, and avoid using these powers to interfere with enterprises at will.
In addition to providing rules and maintaining good faith order, the government also undertakes the role of providing a wide range of public services in policy promotion, market access, operation supervision, infrastructure construction, value guidance and so on. Under the condition that we strictly supervise the construction of corporate integrity, we call on intermediaries, mass media and other organizations to strengthen the supervision of corporate integrity construction and not give enterprises an opportunity.
(B) enterprise countermeasures
The enterprise credit system with reputation, product quality and service as the main body is a necessary condition for the survival and development of modern enterprises. Stie Gerriets, the former chief economist of the World Bank, believes that in the operation of market economy, the allocation of resources does not depend entirely on the price factor, and sometimes it depends more on the reputation of enterprises. Perfect internal credit management system is the key to the future development of Chinese enterprises. People can't stand without faith? Without credit, enterprises cannot survive and develop.
First, it is necessary to establish a credit management system, establish and improve a top-down and bottom-up credit responsibility supervision and management system within the enterprise, comprehensively decompose the credit responsibility of the enterprise, implement the credit responsibility layer by layer, ensure the formation of a credit responsibility chain, and ensure the smooth progress of credit construction within the enterprise.
Second, establish an independent credit management department. Independent of finance and sales departments. Enterprises carry out credit control before, during and after the whole operation and management process to help enterprises maximize sales and minimize risks and costs.
The third is to establish a good faith reward and punishment system. According to the credit performance, credit behavior and credit belief of managers and employees, they are promoted and rewarded. When the managers and employees of an enterprise violate the credit standards and bring damage to the image and interests of the enterprise, they must be given the necessary punishment and must not be tolerated.
The fourth is to establish the integrity consciousness of all employees and build a corporate integrity culture. Honesty is not only an act, but also a moral concept. The establishment of ideas is the basis of behavior, because the most direct leading factors of enterprise behavior are ideology and moral concepts.
Therefore, the first task of establishing enterprise integrity is to establish the moral concept of integrity. By strengthening the integrity publicity and education within the enterprise, we can enrich the integrity knowledge of employees and improve the integrity level of their operations. Honesty is glorious, but dishonesty is shameful? Cultural atmosphere. In addition, the content of honesty education should be designed according to the actual situation of enterprises, and it is best to tell employees what to do and what not to do through cases. Honesty education is a long-term work, which can't be immediate and can't be sustained by enterprises once and for all.
(3) The social countermeasure is to strengthen the supervision of public opinion and create a healthy and honest business environment.
Intensify social credit propaganda and raise the credit awareness of the whole people. ? People can't stand without faith, and countries can't be ruled without faith? . Cultivating credit awareness is an important part of professional ethics, which is conducive to the establishment of credit system, the self-discipline of market players and the development and utilization of credit resources. At present, we should make full use of all kinds of public opinion tools to publicize the long-term strategic significance of credit as a resource for enterprise development, so that enterprises can cherish existing credit and strive to create new credit and form it in the whole society? Keep your promise and be ashamed of breaking it? Public opinion environment; The second is to give full play to the role of trade associations in enterprise credit construction. Trade associations can play an important role in formulating industry standards and standardizing enterprise behavior. With the deepening of China's economic system reform, the role of trade associations has gradually become an important institutional arrangement to standardize the market economic order and promote enterprise credit transactions. By accurately defining the functions of trade associations, enhancing their independence and giving them the necessary support and norms, it is the healthy development of trade associations and plays its due role in the construction of credit system of trade enterprises.
Reality tells us that the more the market economy develops, the more it needs to operate with integrity. Credit should not be allowed to become a scarce resource in China. It is a long-term and arduous national project to establish a good enterprise credit level and build an enterprise credit system that meets the requirements of the development of modern market economy, which requires the long-term efforts of the whole society from top to bottom and all aspects.
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