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abstract

According to the functions and characteristics of logistics, logistics information technology includes computer technology, network technology, information classification and coding technology, bar code technology, radio frequency identification technology, electronic data exchange technology, global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS) and so on. Logistics information technology is an important symbol of logistics modernization and the fastest developing field of logistics technology. From bar code system used for data acquisition to microcomputer and Internet in office automation system, various terminal devices and computer software are developing with each passing day. At the same time, with the continuous development of logistics information technology, a series of new logistics concepts and new logistics management methods have emerged, which has promoted the reform of logistics. In supply chain management, the development of logistics information technology has also changed the way for enterprises to gain competitive advantage by applying supply chain management. Successful enterprises support their business strategy and choose their business by applying information technology. Using information technology can improve the efficiency of supply chain activities and enhance the management decision-making ability of the whole supply chain.

Keywords: modernization; Automation; Change; competitive edge

catalogue

1. Overview of logistics information 1

1. 1. Data, information and decision 1

1.2. Logistics information 1

1.3. Logistics information technology 1

1.4 application and development of modern logistics technology in China logistics enterprises 1

2 data organization and management technology 1

2. 1. File organization technology 2

2.2. Database technology 2

2.3. Database Design 2

2.4. Distributed Database System 2

3. Logistics enterprise network technology 2

3. 1. Intranet Internet2

3.2. Logistics enterprise network planning. 2

3.3. Logistics Enterprise Network Design 3

3.4. Logistics enterprise network software design 3

4. Logistics barcode technology 3

4. 1. Overview of barcode technology 3

4.2. Logistics barcode standard system 3

4.3. 2D Barcode 3

5.4 logistics bar code identification technology. four

4.5. Application of logistics barcode technology 4

5. Logistics EDI technology 4

5. 1. Overview of logistics EDI 4

5.2. Structure of EDI system 4

5.3. Electronic Data Interchange and Internet 4

5.4. The application of EDI in the logistics industry 5 pages

6.GIS technology 5

6. Overview of1.gis5

6.2. Data organization and management of GIS 5

6.3. Development and Application of Geographic Information System

7.GPS technology 5

7. 1.GPS overview 5

8.2.GPS working principle 6

7.3. Application of GPS in transportation

7.4. The application of network GPS in the logistics industry 6 pages

8. Logistics and e-commerce 6

8. 1. Overview of e-commerce 6

8.2. Electronic Commerce and Logistics 6

8.3. China e-commerce logistics distribution system construction 7 pages

8.4. Logistics Information and E-commerce Security

8.5. China e-commerce application mode 7

Main conclusions and shortcomings 7

Reference 8

1. Overview of logistics information

1. 1. Data, information and decision-making

Data is a recorded and recognizable symbol that people use to reflect objective things, and it is the basic expression of objective things. The data has (1) data name: tonnage, brand and quantity; (2) Data type: integer and character; (3) Data length: 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 3 bytes of information are the objective facts of data expression. Information refers to documents, tables and charts that are meaningful and useful to people after data processing. Decision-making: 1, strategic decision-making 2, tactical decision-making 3, daily business activities decision-making.

1.2. Logistics information

Logistics information refers to the knowledge, data, images, data and documents that reflect the contents of various logistics activities. (1) logistics information in a narrow sense. Logistics information in a narrow sense refers to information related to logistics activities. ⑵ Generalized logistics information. Broadly speaking, logistics information not only refers to information related to logistics activities, but also includes information related to other logistics activities, such as commodity trading information and market information.

1.3. Logistics information technology

Refers to the information technology used in all aspects of logistics. It is a variety of technical applications based on computer and network communication technology platform, including hardware technology and software technology.

1.4 application and development of modern logistics technology in China logistics enterprises

The present situation of informatization of logistics enterprises in China The logistics industry in China has a vast development space and huge market potential. Modern logistics industry will become an important industry and a new economic growth point in China's economic development. At present, China has built a comprehensive transportation system consisting of five modes of transportation: railway, highway, waterway, aviation and pipeline. Plan and improve information construction, information security environment and security system, financial system construction, legal policy environment and related professional personnel training.

2 data organization and management technology

Compared with ordinary three-dimensional applications, the data scale of virtual building environment is large, the data types are rich and diverse, and the graphic data of the scene is highly complex, which brings unprecedented difficulties to data management and scene description. Massive and complex three-dimensional spatial data is the main obstacle to application, and data organization and management technology has become the core content.

2. 1. File organization technology

File classification 1. Files are divided into system files, inventory files and user files according to their purposes; 2. Conventional operation features are divided into read-only files, read-write files and protected files; 3. According to their different organization and objects, they can be divided into logical files. Physical files are divided into constant files and variable length files according to their fixed and unfixed recording lengths.

2.2. Database technology

Because of its powerful function and flexibility, database is one of the fastest developing fields in computer science and technology, and it is also one of the most widely used technologies. It is widely used in various fields and has become an important part of computer information system. Among many database systems, Visual FoxPro(VFP) is a relational database management system.

2.3. Database design

Characteristics of database design. Database construction is a combination of hardware, software and middleware. Three-point technology, seven-point management and twelve-point basic data. The interface between technology and management is called "middleware". Database design should be combined with application system design. Structure (data) design: the design of database framework or database structure. Behavior (processing) design: the design of applications, transaction processing, etc. Design of separating structure from behavior.

2.4. Distributed database system

The distributed database has 1. It has data independence. 2. It focuses on the self-made control structure. 3. It appropriately increases the reliability and systematicness of data. 4. It is global consistency, serializability and complexity. Its goal is to adapt to the distributed organizational structure, reduce the cost, improve the reliability and availability of the system, improve the utilization rate of centralized database by using database resources, and gradually expand its capacity and system scale.

3. Logistics enterprise network technology

3. 1. Intranet Internet

Internet, also known as Internet, is a network system integrating communication technology, information technology and computer technology. Intranet, also known as enterprise intranet, is an electronic network based on the Internet, which connects all branches and management departments within the enterprise and realizes the information flow within the enterprise.

3.2. Logistics enterprise network planning.

The most important link in the construction of logistics system is to plan the network organization of the system under the guidance of the basic principles of logistics system, and to determine the overall logistics channel and organizational structure of products from procurement to final sales. Among them, the acquisition and informatization of logistics system construction data, the choice of planning model, the location of logistics nodes and the optimization of transportation routes are important links in building logistics networks. Constantly optimizing and reorganizing the logistics system organization can make enterprises save logistics costs and improve customer service level, and scientific and reasonable network planning is the premise to ensure the efficient operation of logistics system.

3.3. Logistics enterprise network design

The quantity, scale and geographical relationship of logistics facilities actually affect the ability and cost of providing services to customers. Logistics facilities are working conditions among manufacturing plants, warehouses, docks and retail stores. Determining the number, geographical location and work undertaken by each facility is a very important part of network design. It must also determine how each factory performs inventory operations, how much inventory to keep, and arrange where to deliver customer orders.

3.4. Logistics enterprise network software design

The design of waste reverse logistics network is related to economic and social benefits. Considering meeting the public's wishes, a multi-objective integer programming model is established to minimize the total construction cost and negative utility to the public. A heuristic two-stage decomposition algorithm is designed to solve this problem, so as to build a multi-layer reverse logistics network for waste recycling.

4. Logistics barcode technology

4. 1. Overview of barcode technology

An automatic identification technology produced and developed in the practice of computer application. It aims to realize automatic scanning of information. It is an effective means to collect data quickly, accurately and reliably. The application of bar code technology has solved the problem and bottleneck of data entry and data collection, and provided strong technical support for supply chain management.

4.2. Logistics barcode standard system

At present, the bar code standard system is divided into three layers. The first layer includes all bar code standards in China. The second layer is developed from the first layer and has 20 aspects. The third layer is extended from the second layer, and each aspect consists of several standards, forming a series of standards. The third layer consists of specific personal standards.

4.3. 2D Barcode

Two-dimensional bar code technology is produced on the premise that one-dimensional bar code can not meet the practical application requirements. Due to the limitation of information capacity, one-dimensional bar code is usually the identification of an item, not the description of the item. The so-called item identification is to assign a code to an item. Codes are identified on articles in the form of bar codes to identify articles for automatic scanning equipment to read. The code or one-dimensional barcode itself does not represent the descriptive information of the product.

5.4 logistics bar code identification technology.

Bar code is a set of bars and empty symbols arranged according to certain coding rules, which is used to represent information composed of certain characters, numbers and symbols. Bar code system is an automatic identification system composed of bar code symbol design, production and scanning reading. It is an effective means to collect data quickly, accurately and reliably.

4.5. Application of logistics barcode technology

At present, the barcode types widely used in the world include EAN, UPC (commodity barcode, which is used to uniquely identify a commodity in the world, and is the most common barcode in supermarkets), Code39 (which can represent numbers and letters and is most widely used in management field), ITF25 (widely used in logistics management), Codebar (mostly used in medical and book fields), Code93 and Code 66.

5. Logistics EDI technology

5. 1. Overview of logistics EDI

Logistics EDI business data interaction system is not only an EDI transmission tool customized for logistics intermediary agents or production enterprises, but also supports multi-path bidirectional transmission function. The data interaction system of logistics EDI business must support data interaction between upper and lower users, that is, upstream users can directly send business receipts to lower users through the system, and business users with transmission protocol relations can also carry out point-to-point message and data transmission.

5.2. Structure of EDI system

Message generation and processing module The message generation and processing module has two functions. The first is to receive commands and information from the user contact interface and internal contact interface module of other information systems or databases, and generate messages according to EDI standards; The second function is to accept and process external EDI messages.

5.3. Electronic Data Interchange and Internet

Using EDI technology greatly reduces the workload of paper file transmission and saves the time of information transmission. Using EDI technology in the international trade between Shenlong and Citroen makes the transmission of a large number of data and documents such as orders, delivery notices and invoices reliable and smooth, reduces inefficient work and non-value-added activities, enables both parties to obtain information quickly, communicate and contact more conveniently, and improves the level of mutual service. For most domestic suppliers or distributors, the most economical and practical way is to establish the Internet to achieve the purpose of e-commerce, synchronous operation and resource sharing.

5.4. The application of EDI in the logistics industry

The purpose of applying EDI in logistics industry is to assist the smooth operation of related businesses. Logistics EDI users are all over retailers, suppliers, freight companies, distribution centers and so on. According to their own business characteristics, logistics systems in different industries apply EDI to handle ordering, purchasing, receiving orders, delivery, distribution, reconciliation and transfer. For example, retailers use EDI to handle purchasing, reconciliation and transfer, while wholesalers use EDI to handle receiving orders and transportation.

6.GIS technology

6. 1. Overview of Geographic Information System

Geographic information system for short. As the name implies, geographic information system is a system for processing geographic information. Geographic information refers to information directly or indirectly related to the spatial position on the earth, and is also often called spatial information.

6.2. Data Organization and Management of Geographic Information System

The effective organization and management of data is the key to the success of GIS application. It mainly provides the ability to store, query, retrieve, modify and update spatial and non-spatial data. Vector data structure, raster data structure and vector-raster integrated data structure are the main data structures for storing GIS. The choice of data structure largely determines the functions that the system can perform.

6.3. Development and Application of Geographic Information System

The development of China Geographic Information System is marked by the beginning of the Seventh Five-year Plan. As a government action, the research of geographic information system has been formally included in the national scientific and technological research plan, and scientific research, applied experiments and engineering construction are carried out in a planned, organized and targeted manner. Many departments have carried out the research and development of geographic information system at the same time. Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used in resource investigation, evaluation, management and monitoring, urban management, planning and municipal engineering, administrative management and spatial decision-making, disaster assessment and prediction, cadastral management and land use, as well as transportation, agriculture, public security and many other fields.

7.GPS technology

7. Overview of1.GPS

Global positioning system. Simply put, this is a satellite system consisting of 24 satellites covering the whole world. This system can ensure that four satellites can be observed at any point on the earth at any time, thus ensuring that satellites can collect the latitude, longitude and height of observation points, thus realizing the functions of navigation, positioning and timing.

8.2. The working principle of GPS

The ground monitoring part includes four monitoring stations, an uplink injection station and a main control station. The monitoring station is equipped with a GPS user receiver, an atomic clock, a sensor for collecting local meteorological data and a computer for preliminary data processing. The main task of the monitoring station is to obtain satellite observation data and transmit them to the main control station.

7.3. Application of GPS in transportation industry

At present, the accuracy of GPS is not below 1 meter, and its development prospect is very uncertain, but aside from these factors, GPS is still an effective tool in the transportation industry. Although "en route navigation" is a remarkable application of GPS technology in transportation industry, for GPS receiver, "automatic vehicle positioning" improves the speed of vehicles reaching their destinations. AVL system can also be combined with third-party application software, allowing drivers to provide electronic reports by using mobile data terminals and customized user software after each work or transportation task, instead of providing written documents, thus reducing the workload of paperwork and making information feedback more timely.

7.4. Application of network GPS in logistics industry

China urgently needs to strengthen the application of geographic information system (GIS) and satellite positioning system (GPS) in modern logistics industry. Modern logistics is a modern full supply chain management system based on logistics enterprises, with transportation and information as the platform, involving the whole process of production, circulation and consumption. The realization of GPS and the informationization, networking and socialization of logistics are the inevitable trends of modern logistics development. Usually used in transportation, it will play a positive role in optimizing resource allocation and improving market competitiveness of logistics enterprises.

8. Logistics and e-commerce

8. 1. Overview of e-commerce

E-commerce, English is e-commerce, abbreviated as EC. E-commerce usually refers to a new business operation mode in which buyers and sellers conduct various business activities without meeting each other in a wide range of business and trade activities around the world under the open network environment of the Internet, and realize online shopping for consumers, online trading for merchants and online electronic payment, as well as various business activities, trading activities, financial activities and related comprehensive service activities.

8.2. Electronic Commerce and Logistics

E-commerce promotes the improvement of logistics infrastructure and logistics management level, and the high efficiency and globalization of e-commerce require logistics to achieve this goal. To achieve this goal, a good transportation network, communication network and other infrastructure is the most basic guarantee. Only by improving the management level of logistics, establishing a scientific and reasonable management system and applying scientific management means and methods to logistics management can we ensure the smooth progress of logistics, realize the rationalization and efficiency of logistics and promote the development of e-commerce.

8.3. Construction of e-commerce logistics distribution system in China

The modernization of logistics distribution is the foundation of e-commerce. E-commerce can easily solve the problems of information flow, business flow and capital flow through fast and efficient information processing means, and deliver goods to users in time. Rationalized and modern logistics can reduce costs, optimize inventory structure, reduce capital occupation and shorten production cycle by reducing costs, thus ensuring the efficient implementation of modern production. Top ten business flows of logistics services In e-commerce, consumers complete the delivery process of commodity ownership by clicking online shopping, that is, the business flow process. However, the activities of e-commerce are not over, and commercial activities will come to an end only when goods and services are really transferred to consumers. Logistics is actually the successor and server of business flow.

8.4. Logistics Information and E-commerce Security

When legitimate businesses make online inquiries and transactions, they can protect their private information and business data from eavesdropping, tampering, replacement and illegal use when transmitting on the public network by adopting identity authentication and data encryption technology. 1. certification. Two-factor authentication technology of digital certificate authentication and password authentication is adopted. 2. When data encryption logistics information is transmitted in the network, ciphertext is usually used instead of plaintext. Only in this way can the confidentiality, reliability and security of the business be guaranteed.

8.5. Application mode of e-commerce in China

The application mode of e-commerce in China is mainly to transform information into real productive forces. It is necessary to continuously tap the ability of enterprises, realize the rational allocation of logistics resources, realize the integration of supply chain, strengthen the construction of logistics system, especially in the logistics distribution closely related to information collection and customer service, and strengthen the management application mode. It is still in the process of continuous reform and development.

Main conclusions and shortcomings

As far as the whole country is concerned, with the in-depth development of circular economy, the following two contradictions have become increasingly prominent. First, there are bottlenecks in policies, laws and systems. China has not yet established a set of perfect policies, systems and legal standards to regulate and constrain enterprises, the public and society to follow the development model of circular economy.

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