Eternal regret is Eternal regret, which is a touching seed buried in the poem. As for what you hate, why do you hate it for a long time? The poet doesn't directly describe and express, but through his poetic stories, he shows them to readers layer by layer, realizing that people should try to figure out, remember and feel. According to the content and plot development of the whole poem, the whole poem can be divided into four levels: the first level is from "the emperor of China, eager for the beauty that might shake an empire" to "the emperor's eyes can't fix enough on her", describing how Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty emphasized color and sought for color before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guiji, "If she just turned her head and smiled, she would have a hundred spells". After Guiji entered the palace, she was spoiled and spoiled. Not only did he "inherit kindness", but after repeatedly exaggerating the imperial concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, "her sisters and her brothers were given titles" and completely indulged in singing, dancing and debauchery. The first sentence of the book not only implies the tragic factor of the story, but also plays a role in arousing and guiding the whole poem. The second layer, from "until the war drum, from the boom of Yuyang, the earth shook" to "when he turned to look later, it was a land of blood and tears", describing the Anshi rebellion, Xuanzong's escape, being forced to give the imperial concubine the death penalty, and writing the "Song of Eternal Sorrow" is the basis of the tragic story. The poet deliberately played down the Anshi chaos caused by Xuanzong's extravagance and wrong country, and deliberately described where they would go. Readers are infected by the tragic atmosphere, rather than rational criticism of history. Chen Hong's theory of "punishing stunners and smothering chaos" in Song of Eternal Sorrow is to make a fuss with a straight face, so it cannot be used as the writing motivation of this poem. The third layer, from "hiding in the yellow dust blown by a cold wind" to "not dreaming", describes the loneliness and sadness in Shu after Yang Guifei's death, which is a kind of "sad color" and "heartbroken sound". When Chang 'an returned to Korea after the recovery, it surpassed Mark and "that memory, that depression. Where is her jade-white face? " . After returning to the palace, Chi Yuan is still the same. Things have changed, and the lingering lovesickness makes people sad. The fourth layer, from "there is a Taoist who lives in Lingqiong" to "this worry is endless", describes that Xuanzong sent alchemists to find Yang Guifei's soul, focusing on her lonely and sad memories of her past love life. The poet used romantic methods to go from heaven to earth, and finally let the imperial concubine reappear the fairyland on the ethereal fairy mountain with the image of "tears falling from her white face, like spring rain falling on pear flowers". The expression of "love" has gone beyond the emotional entanglement between emperors and concubines, and is more of a poet's subjective ideal element, which has already gone beyond the scope of historical facts, showing the contradiction between subjective desire and objective reality. The last sentence "everlasting, everlasting; One day both will end, and this endless sorrow will last forever "is a sigh and cry of love, which is a lament that love is spread by fate and destroyed by political ethics." This hatred has transcended time and space and entered an infinite realm. In this way, the poet expressed eternal love with "everlasting regret", that is, pointed out the theme of the whole poem. Therefore, we think "Song of Eternal Sorrow" is not a political satire, but a poem praising love. If Li and Yang's Where Are You Going is a love tragedy, it is regrettable that the maker of this tragedy will eventually become the hero of this tragedy. The historical theme of Song of Eternal Sorrow is a fictional love story between emperors based on historical facts, and the hero of the story, Tang Xuanzong, is a key figure in the historical turning point of the Tang Dynasty. Because of the deep-rooted traditional concept of attaching importance to morality and treating love as evil, readers often wander between historical truth and artistic truth, or confuse the evaluation of historical figures with literary criticism, or replace aesthetic evaluation with ethical criticism, resulting in confusion and disagreement in understanding. This difference probably existed when Bai Juyi wrote this poem. At that time, Bai Juyi, Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu talked about the story of Xuanzong and Yang Fei. Wang Zhifu said, "Lotte is more profound than poetry and more noble than lovers. How about trying to sing? " He expects Bai Juyi to express his love. Chen Hong, on the other hand, thinks that Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow "not only feels his feelings, but also wants to punish the stunner, smothering the chaos and hanging the future." (2) Giving the Song of Eternal Sorrow the meaning of ethical preaching. Bai Juyi himself thinks that poetry is "full of amorous feelings", which is not as correct as Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu. Only in this way did he classify it as a sentimental poem when he edited it. In the author's own words, "things are outside, and reason is inside." (3) The theme of Song of Eternal Sorrow centered on "love" is always swirling in the whole poem. When Bai Juyi takes "emotion" as the object of description, the emotion tide recognized by everyone will rush to the pen with its inherent beauty of human nature. Even if he is satirical, as long as he deliberately goes deep into the emotional field, his works will not appear in the form of satirical preaching. At the beginning of the writing of Song of Eternal Sorrow, the idea of "punishing stunners and suppressing chaos" never appeared, but the result of writing was a love description full of the author's feelings. According to normal artistic feelings, it is difficult for readers to feel that women are a disaster, and the love between Li and Yang is the fundamental reason for the decline of the Tang Dynasty Empire. If Bai Juyi really writes this story as a satirical poem, which makes the whole poem full of satire and preaching about "stunner", what will its value be? I find it difficult to compete with this article. Poets take history as their material, but they are not limited to historical facts. They seek a balance between literature and history, transcend time and space restrictions, resonate with people's general feelings, and thus achieve aesthetic success. Readers may even ignore the root of this love tragedy and focus their aesthetic consciousness entirely on the sentimental rendering between Li and Yang. The grief and indignation, lingering hatred, touching legend and illusory fairyland of Where Are You Going, bring readers into a transparent and pure world. It is free from the noise and filth of the world, embodies the poet's thoughts and accumulates the ideals of readers in past dynasties. A yearning for truth has given this poem eternal charm. Judging from the unfolding of the story "Song of Eternal Sorrow", the two episodes "The Favorite Princess in the People's Palace" and "Ma Wei Mutation" have historical records, which mainly involve a problem of "Favorite Princess" and related historical concepts such as "female disaster". In the mid-Tang Dynasty, the stubborn review of this period of history also reflected a great nostalgia for the prosperity of Kaiyuan. Compared with other pet stories, the special charm of Li and Yang's stories is really related to their political content. This story has just become the center and fuse of an Shi rebellion, a major historical event. Due to the power structure and political system of feudal society, the emperor was placed at the center of political life, and the rise and fall of the world depended on the monarch alone, which caused problems for the monarch. Therefore, when people summed up the lessons of this historical event at that time, they could basically only focus on the political history of the imperial court, and the relationship between Li and Yang became the central topic of discussion. However, after introducing the central figures of these two events and determining the condemned objects, the stories of Li and Yang did not smoothly develop into a political explanation mode of moral loss, famine and famine, but turned to the theme of praising female beauty and loyal love, which basically belonged to folklore. Therefore, in this theme change, the folk narrative mode and the public psychology it reflects play a key role. Of course, the change of this theme also includes the important issue of Yang Guifei's image change. This is also one of the basic reasons for the success of Song of Eternal Sorrow, which conforms to the general trend of beauty and love works and meets the general needs of human feelings, without overemphasizing the political significance of the story against this trend. It is precisely because of the poet's pursuit of utility and the deepening of art that he depicts the moving scene of China's version of Ghost with "love" as the center, which is the perfect combination of realism and romanticism. It embodies the poet's thoughts and accumulates the beautiful ideals of readers in previous dynasties. Praise for human nature makes the author interact with readers. Only the persistent "deep-rooted" theme of Dougu and the yearning and pursuit of true feelings make this poem gain eternal charm.