Blind evaluation refers to a system of organizing expert group evaluation, that is, anonymous submission, which means that the evaluation tutor does not know who the author of the paper is. In this way, the false positive rate of scores is low, which is generally used in college marking.
The blind evaluation system is to send dissertations without the author's name to experts who can't know the author for evaluation, so the score should be the most objective. Colleges and universities in general, especially graduate schools, have relevant regulations on blind examination of papers on a regular basis, and most of them randomly select a certain number of papers for blind examination.
External auditing refers to sending papers to experts from other units for auditing. Some schools are managed by the degree office in a unified way, while others are guided by tutors. 90% of the papers are submitted by experts appointed by the tutor.
The right of reply can only be obtained after the blind trial and the external trial are passed, and you can't graduate if you fail to reply. As long as two experts pass the blind trial or two experts pass the external trial, they have the right of reply. The defense Committee does not include experts from external auditors, and only half of them can graduate.
Papers are often used to refer to articles that conduct research in various academic fields and describe academic research results, which are referred to as papers for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in academic research, but also a tool to describe academic research results in academic exchanges. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on.