The current situation and reasons are generally written in the text. . The following is a literature review of the current situation and causes of Internet addiction. Internet Addiction Syndrome (IAD) was put forward by a psychologist in new york in 1994. Clinical refers to the obvious abnormal psychological symptoms or accompanying physiological damage caused by patients' excessive dependence on the Internet.
According to the report of the annual meeting of American Psychology, 6% netizens suffer from Internet addiction syndrome, and teenagers are the high-risk group of Internet addiction syndrome. A study by psychologists at the University of Texas at Austin found that at least 14% of college students meet the standards of Internet addiction. In 2005, CBS broadcast a TV series about teenagers' Internet addiction. After that, tens of thousands of parents wrote to the director: "This is like our family story." In 2008, relevant American institutions indicated that Internet addiction would be classified as mental illness. As of March this year, statistics show that there are110 internet addiction patients in the United States. According to the educational and medical structure of the United States, Internet addiction has become a national headache.
South Korea's Internet penetration rate is the highest in the world, with more than 75% of its citizens surfing the Internet, so the number of netizens infected with Internet addiction is also increasing year by year. In South Korea, Internet addiction is called "network poisoning". According to the statistics of the Korean Ministry of Administration and Security, more than 2 million people in South Korea suffer from "network poisoning". In terms of age, 14.3% of young netizens suffer from this disease. Moreover, it is worrying that there are more and more internet poisoners among primary school students, and 38% of primary school students begin to contact the internet before entering school. A psychologist in South Korea pointed out that after suffering from "network poisoning", students began to play truant in Internet cafes or hide at home to play online games. What's more, they even ran away from home because their parents restricted access to the Internet. If we don't pay attention to it, this kind of mental illness will bring great harm to the society, because patients with "network poisoning" are often unsociable people who don't adapt to social life, and sometimes even have anti-social emotions. Once this kind of emotion breaks out, the consequences will be very serious. Pointed out the social problems that Internet addiction may cause.
In China, nearly 30% of young netizens have Internet addiction. Teenagers under the age of 25 account for more than 85%, and it is doubling at an alarming rate every year. Some of them are addicted to the internet, which leads to the decline of academic performance and incomplete personality development. In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Comrade Hu Jintao proposed to promote the great development and prosperity of socialist culture, mobilize all social forces to do a good job in ideological and moral education for young people, and create a good social environment for their healthy growth. Teenagers' network problems should attract close attention and great attention from all walks of life.
According to the China Youth Internet Addiction Data Report (2005), teenagers with Internet addiction accounted for 13.2% of the total number, and those with tendencies accounted for 13%, and the proportion of Internet addiction among netizens aged 13- 17./kloc-. Among them, 23.2% of junior high school students are unemployed, 2 1% of vocational high school students account for 20.5%, and10/%of senior high school students account for most Internet addiction netizens, that is, teenagers. It provides a clear expression of the phenomenon of internet addiction among teenagers in China at this stage.
A questionnaire survey conducted by Taiwan Province Golden Car Foundation in primary and secondary schools in Taiwan Province Province found that 74% of the respondents showed signs of Internet addiction; Among them, 70% people feel bad or uneasy because they are disconnected from the internet; 44% people will spend more time online than expected, 26% people will spend more time online, and 26% people will use online classes to calm their emotions; 25% people want to surf the Internet if they have problems. It can be seen that Internet addiction has become a common social phenomenon, and most teenagers' surfing the Internet has become an involuntary and hard-to-interrupt behavior, or an act used to anesthetize their nerves.
Some internet addiction research experts have begun to conduct in-depth research on the causes of internet addiction. Professor Tao Hongkai, an expert in Internet addiction research, pointed out in his "Serial Wars of Internet Addiction" that Internet addiction is a manifestation of children's abnormal behavior. The child was born with a blank sheet of paper. He needs education and guidance on his way forward. Internet addiction is not a child's natural fault. It points out the specific direction for the causes of internet addiction and the way to solve this problem.
Professor Tao Ran pointed out at the China Youth Network Development Forum of the 7th Internet Expo that Internet addiction is not only a mental influence on teenagers' attention, but also a great harm to teenagers' brains and physiology, and its accompanying symptoms also have a great influence on teenagers. The necessity of drug treatment for internet addiction is put forward.
2. the reason
1. Family factors
Studies in Li Tao and Zhang Lanjun have found that there are obvious differences in parental rearing patterns between Internet addicts and non-Internet addicts. Parental rearing patterns of internet addicts show less emotional warmth, understanding, higher rejection and severe punishment, which may be an important reason for college students' internet addiction tendency. Wang Pan and Gan Yiqun's research confirmed this point. Xi Fang Zhen and Zhang Xiaoyang's research shows that there are significant differences in parental rearing patterns between Internet addiction group and non-Internet addiction group. Family predictors of boys' Internet addiction tendency are mother's refusal to deny, surfing the Internet at home, father's severe punishment, single parent and overprotective father, while girls' Internet addiction tendency is mother's refusal to deny and surfing the Internet at home. Yan He's research shows that, in terms of parental education methods of Internet addiction teenagers, fathers' housewives show excessive interference and protection, while mothers' housewives show lack of emotional warmth and understanding, excessive interference and refusal to deny, and there are significant differences in the above aspects.
The research of Gao Wei and Huang Bizhai confirmed that there are significant differences in family environment factors between adolescents with Internet addiction and adolescents in the control group, including family structure, parent-child relationship, educational attitude, father culture, mother culture, father occupation and mother occupation. Teenagers with Internet addiction are significantly higher than the control group in single-parent families, parents' low educational level (primary school and below), parents' improper educational attitude (rude physical punishment, regardless of questions, doting and giving money rewards) and bad parent-child relationship (disharmony and hostility). The author thinks that the bad family education environment and unhealthy family education methods are the main reasons for teenagers' internet addiction. A survey by Wu Haosheng and Zhang Chunhe found that there were statistical differences in the incidence of Internet addiction among students from different families and schools. The number of teenagers living in nuclear families (families where only parents and children live together) and extended families (families where grandparents and parents and children live together) is 0. 68 and 0. Compared with other family types, teenagers are 58 times more likely to have Internet addiction. Yuan and other researchers believe that the higher the father's educational level, the lower the internet addiction rate of his children, which may be due to the dominant position of his father in the family and the way of education. The higher the father's educational level, the more he pays attention to communication with his children, guiding and helping them to surf the Internet healthily, which leads to the decline of Internet addiction rate.
2. School education
A study by psychologists at the University of Texas at Austin found that at least 14% of college students meet the standards of Internet addiction. It shows that the problem of internet addiction still exists in colleges and universities. In particular, the exam-oriented education in China only pays attention to grades, teaching but not educating people, which makes children lack ideals and hate learning. Once they come into contact with online games and online chats, they are easily addicted and addicted. The research of Xu Yaocong, Kelly and Wang Lixin proves this point. Due to the pressure of entrance and examination and the tension of interpersonal relationship under the examination-oriented education, in order to escape from life or gain a sense of self-realization, teenagers turn to the internet for a sustenance.
3. Social problems
Liu Chao pointed out in his research that China's network security system is not perfect, mainly because of insufficient purification and supervision of the network environment. Many programmers and Internet cafe operators have low moral quality, which leads to the pollution of the network environment and the nonstandard Internet cafes. The law clearly stipulates that Internet cafes are not open to minors, but some Internet cafes still allow minors to enter for profiteering, and some even offer pornographic films to attract teenagers.
As for the network subculture existing in the network, Qilu pointed out in his research that the network subculture does not refer to the network culture itself, but refers to the sum of values and social cognition formed by a group of people who live in the network virtual community, take network communication as their main lifestyle, take pleasure in chasing network pornography, network violence and network black information, or resist or resist social constraints as their main behavior.
In addition, there are studies on seeking Internet addiction from the Internet and teenagers themselves. Morahan-Martin, Schumacher, 2000) found that loneliness is related to excessive use of the Internet. When lonely individuals feel lonely, depressed or anxious, they will surf the Internet more. The Internet has become a way for them to adjust negative emotions and seek emotional support. Amikai Hamberger and Ben Az (Amikai Hamburg &; Ben-Artzi, 2003) conducted a study on women with Internet addiction, and found that it was lonely women who were addicted to the Internet rather than Internet addiction that caused loneliness. Nervous and lonely women are more inclined to use online social services. Yang used Beck Depression Scale to study the relationship between depression and Internet addiction. The results show that moderate and severe depression is related to Internet addiction, and depression may be the main factor leading to Internet addiction. Armstrong's research found that people with low self-esteem have a higher tendency of internet addiction, and speculated that people with internet addiction may use the internet as an escape means because of their poor social skills and low self-confidence, thus leading to the tendency of teenagers' internet addiction.
On the other hand, John? John suler (1996) pointed out that digital people, relationships and groups expand the time and space of human interaction. He summed up the unique psychological experience of human beings in cyberspace, a new social field, into nine characteristics: limited perceptual experience; Flexible and anonymous personal identity; Equal status; Beyond space boundary; Time extension and concentration; A permanent record; Easy to establish a large number of interpersonal relationships; Wonderful change experience; Black hole experience. It is these characteristics that make some netizens irresistible and addicted. Young's ACE model explains the causes of Internet addiction. A, C and E in the model are abbreviations of anonymity, convenience and evasion. Anonymity means that people can hide their true identity in the internet, so they can do what they want and say what they want without worrying about who will hurt them. Convenience means that network users can do what they want through the network without leaving home; Escaping from reality means that people can seek comfort and emotional support on the internet. Yang believes that it is the above characteristics of the network that induce people to indulge in the virtual network world. Zhou Qian and others discussed the problem of internet addiction from the perspective of "spreading games and pleasure", and thought that netizens would have "spreading pleasure" in the process of using the network, thus attracting users to overuse the network and leading to internet addiction. It is found that addicts spend more time on BBS, e-mail and online games than non-addicts. Among all the variables that predict Internet addiction, "the pleasure of using the Internet" is the best predictor of Internet addiction. The research of Cui and Zhao Xin shows that the network can meet the needs of teenagers in many aspects (such as interpersonal communication, self-realization, games and so on). ), and it is easy for teenagers to rely on the internet. Internet dependence will lead to life events related to their studies, such as unsuccessful exams, heavy learning burden and great pressure to enter higher schools. When there are academic problems, the external environment such as schools and parents will bring pressure to teenagers, and teenagers will be more eager to find comfort in the network.
Policy: 1. Parents must improve their own quality and study hard to absorb new ideas.
2. Improve education methods and put an end to domestic violence and cold violence.
A strengthen parent-child communication, observe teenagers' daily behavior and understand teenagers' ideological trends.
B. listen to children's complaints and understand the reasons for their internet addiction.
C. Teenagers take part in daily outdoor activities and take them on trips.
D. Expand teenagers' interpersonal communication and improve their interpersonal skills.
E. Cultivate children's self-control and improve their sense of responsibility.
3. Help yourself solve the problem of Internet addiction through other external channels, such as psychologists.