Chongqing is called "Chongqing water" because of Jialing River in ancient times, so it is called Chongqing for short. In the first year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 102), Yuzhou was changed to Duke Zhou. In the Southern Song Dynasty 16 (1 189), in the first month, the son of filial piety first conferred the title of King Gong, and in February, he became emperor, which is known as "Double Celebration". Therefore, Duke Zhou was promoted to Chongqing, hence the name Chongqing.
zone
Chongqing is located in the southwest of China, on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, surrounded by Daba Mountain, Wushan Mountain, Wuling Mountain and Dalou Mountain in the north, east and south respectively. The landform is dominated by hills and mountains, and the slope area is large, so it is called "mountain city". The terrain of Chongqing gradually decreases from north to south towards the Yangtze River basin, with hills and low mountains in the northwest and middle, Daba Mountain in the northeast and Wuling Mountain in the southeast.
climate
Fog Capital Chongqing (2 photos)
The annual average temperature in Chongqing is 16 ~ 18℃. Banan, Qijiang and Yunyang in the Yangtze River Basin are above 18.5℃, Qianjiang and Youyang in the southeast are 14 ~ 16℃, and only 650℃ in the northeast. Chongqing is rich in annual average precipitation, which is 1 0,000 ~1350 mm in most areas. Most of the precipitation is concentrated in May-September, accounting for about 70% of the annual precipitation. The annual average relative humidity in Chongqing is 70%~80%, which is a high humidity area in China. The sunshine hours in the whole year are 65,438+0,000 ~ 65,438+0,400 hours, and the sunshine percentage is only 25%~35%, which is one of the regions with the least sunshine in China, with less sunshine in winter and spring, accounting for only about 35% of the whole year. The main climatic characteristics of Chongqing can be summarized as follows: warm winter and early spring, hot summer and cool autumn, four distinct seasons and long frost-free period; The air is humid and the precipitation is abundant; Weak solar radiation and short sunshine time; There are more clouds and less frost and snow; Light and warm water are in the same season, with remarkable stereoscopic climate, abundant climatic resources and frequent meteorological disasters.
Chongqing has a mild climate and belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate. Chongqing is foggy and is known as the "foggy city of Chongqing". Chongqing is foggy because of its geographical environment. The average annual foggy days in Chongqing are 104 days, while London, which is known as the foggy capital of the world, has only 94 days, and Tokyo, Japan, which is the foggy capital of the Far East, has only 55 days. Chongqing is a veritable "foggy city", and Wu Yun in the mountainous area of Chongqing has 204 foggy days all the year round, which is called "the best in the world".
hydrology
The main rivers flowing through Chongqing are Yangtze River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Fujiang River, Qijiang River, Daning River, Apeng River and Youshui River. The main stream of the Yangtze River crosses the whole territory from west to east, with a flow of 665 kilometers, and crosses the three anticlines of Wushan, forming the famous Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge (located in Hubei Province), namely the world-famous Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Jialing River joins the Yangtze River in Yuzhong District and Wujiang River joins the Yangtze River in Fuling District.