1. A customer who applies for a real estate development loan from China Bank shall meet the following conditions:

(1) A real estate development enterprise approved by the national real estate administrative department, registered with the industrial and commercial administrative department, obtained the business license of enterprise as a legal person and passed the annual inspection, and obtained the qualification grade certificate of real estate development enterprise issued by the industrial and commercial administrative department.

(2) The development project is consistent with the customer's own qualification level.

(3) The loan card issued by the local people's bank has been processed.

(4) The purpose of the loan conforms to the national industrial policy and relevant laws and regulations.

(five) a sound management organization, qualified leaders and strict management system.

(6) It is in good operating, financial and credit conditions and has the ability to repay the principal and interest of the loan.

(7) Being able to implement the guarantee method approved by China Bank.

(8) You must open a deposit account with China Bank and handle a certain amount of deposit settlement business.

(9) The project development procedures are complete, complete, true and effective, and the land use right certificate, construction land planning permit, construction project planning permit and construction permit are obtained, and the land transfer fee is paid in accordance with the regulations and construction starts. The termination time of the land use right shall not be earlier than the termination time of the loan term.

(10) The actual function of the development project is consistent with the planned purpose, which can effectively meet the local housing market demand and has a good market rental and sales prospect.

(1 1) The project budget and construction plan of the development project conform to the relevant regulations of the state and local governments, and the total investment in the project budget can meet the needs of additional budget due to inflation and unforeseen factors before the project is completed.

(12) The self-owned funds of the development project should reach 35% of the total investment in the project budget, and be put into the project construction before the bank loan is in place.

2. Customers applying for land reserve loans shall meet the following conditions:

(1) has obtained the qualification of enterprise (institution) as a legal person, and has gone through the business license and annual inspection procedures in relevant departments.

(2) The local government has established a land reserve management system, which can monopolize and manage the primary land market through unified acquisition, unified requisition and unified transaction, and the market behavior of local land acquisition, reserve, transfer, real estate appraisal and other industries is relatively standardized.

(three) land acquisition, storage, transfer and other business activities in line with national and local laws, regulations and policies, there are relatively perfect work rules and regulations and financial management system.

(4) Having a certain amount of capital, having a certain ability to resist risks, and being able to extract a certain proportion of retained earnings from land transfer income or replenish capital by other means.

(5) The overall utilization plan and annual utilization plan of the land to be purchased, requisitioned and reserved for loan application have been basically defined.

(6) Obtaining a loan card issued by the local people's bank.

(7) The loan applied for must correspond to the specific plot, and the land reserve loan should be secured by necessary means such as mortgage. The loan amount shall not exceed 70% of the assessed value of the acquired land, and the longest loan period shall not exceed 2 years.

(8) You must open a deposit account with China Bank and handle a certain amount of deposit settlement business.

The above contents are for your reference. Please refer to the actual business regulations.

What do banks mainly consider when granting loans for real estate development?

When granting real estate development loans, banks mainly consider whether they comply with the relevant provisions of financial laws and regulations and bank credit policy system, grasp the basic situation of customers, analyze development prospects and other factors.

Banks mainly consider the following factors when granting loans for real estate development:

1, whether it complies with the relevant provisions of financial laws and regulations and bank credit policy system.

2. Grasp the basic situation of customers and analyze the development prospects.

3. Grasp the total amount, structure and quality of customers' bank financing, and analyze customers' financing ability and credit status.

4. Comprehensively analyze the financial situation of customers and verify their comprehensive solvency.

5. Find out the customer relationship.

What are the application conditions for real estate development loans of Postal Savings Bank?

1) application conditions

An enterprise legal person with loan qualification and real estate development qualification approved and registered by the industrial and commercial administration or the competent authority.

2) Processing channels

You can do it at the local Postal Savings Bank branch that provides corporate credit services.

3) treatment process

Application → field investigation → examination and approval → signing contract → implementing examination and approval conditions → loan issuance and disbursement.

4) Application materials

1. Organization code certificate, business license, tax registration certificate after annual inspection, basic account account opening permit, valid identity certificate of legal representative or power of attorney of legal representative; Articles of association and password of the company's credit card; Qualification certificate of real estate development enterprise;

2, nearly three years of annual financial reports and the first phase of financial statements (including notes);

3, reserved signature card, the legal representative and authorized agent signature style;

4, real estate project approval or filing approval;

5. Necessary permits or approval documents such as project EIA approval, state-owned land use right certificate, construction land planning permit, construction project planning permit, construction permit, and pre-sale permit for commercial housing;

6, the implementation of the financing plan and sources of funds;

7. Other materials required for handling loans.

5) What is the maximum amount?

The loan amount, term, interest rate and repayment method that customers can obtain are comprehensively decided by the Postal Savings Bank according to their personal credit status.

Warm reminder: The specific business is subject to the announcements and regulations of local outlets, and the final interpretation right belongs to China Postal Savings Bank.

What does development loan mean?

Development loans generally refer to loans used to develop natural resources, which are characterized by long payback period, and once the loans are invested, they are generally immovable and difficult to transfer or sell; Loans are mainly used to expand reproduction, March into production breadth and form new production capacity. This kind of loan will be very cautious when it is issued. Usually, scientific demonstration and feasibility study are needed from the aspects of economy, ecology and technology before issuance, so as to accurately predict its benefits and prevent losses caused by blind lending.

Individuals can apply for loans directly from banks. After submitting the information according to the requirements of the bank, the bank will review it and get the loan after meeting the requirements of the bank. It should be noted that the loan amount and interest rate given by different loan types are different. Users must repay the loan on time after handling it, and there can be no overdue repayment, because credit information will be recorded after overdue repayment, and penalty interest will appear, which will increase the burden of subsequent repayment.

According to the different development contents, there are the following types of development loans:

1. Housing development loans refer to loans issued by banks to real estate development enterprises for the development and construction of market-oriented houses.

2, commercial housing development loans, refers to the bank to real estate development enterprises for the development and construction of market sales, mainly for commercial activities rather than family housing loans.

3. Land development loans refer to loans for land development issued by banks to real estate development enterprises. (This business type has been stopped. According to the Notice on Standardizing Land Reserve and Fund Management (Caizong [2065438+06] No.4) jointly issued by the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the People's Bank of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission in 20 16, all localities are not allowed to raise funds from banking financial institutions since 2016. )

Application conditions

In addition to the general loan requirements, the borrower applying for a real estate development loan shall also meet the following conditions:

1. has a business license as an enterprise legal person.

2. The land use right of the loan project has been obtained, and the termination time of the land use right is longer than the loan termination time.

3. The planning investment permit, construction permit, construction permit and pre-sale permit of commercial housing for the loan project have been obtained, and the project establishment procedures have been completed, and all project documents are complete, true and effective.

4. The application purpose of the loan project is consistent with its function, and it can effectively meet the needs of local urban planning and real estate market.

5. The project budget and construction plan of the loan project comply with the relevant provisions of the state and local governments. The total investment in the project budget can meet the needs of additional budget due to inflation and unpredictability before the project is completed.

6, with a certain proportion of its own funds (generally should reach 30% of the total investment in the project budget), and can be put into the project construction before the bank loan.

7. Open an account in a bank to maintain normal business dealings.

8. The developer must insure the real estate under construction, and the first beneficiary is the loan bank.

Small and medium-sized banks get together to develop self-operated cash loans, and a new round of reshuffle may begin.

Author | Hot Spring

In the last two weeks, Xuan Lu (pseudonym), an executive in a risk control service provider, began to enrich himself, completely changing the work pace slowed down by the epidemic after the Spring Festival.

Many banks ask risk control service providers to develop online self-operated cash loan products, which are aimed at users who are more sinking than credit cards. After small-scale communication with peers, Xuan Lu found that dozens of banks have made such demands only according to the information currently available.

This is not the first time that the bank's self-operated cash loan products have appeared, but it is the first time that such a large number has appeared. Xuan Lu remembers that this kind of products first appeared in the market around 20 15. China Merchants Bank's "lightning loan" was an early and well-known product, but it was still sporadic at that time, mainly in medium and large banks and Internet banks. In the middle of last year, small and medium-sized banks began to launch such products. At that time, according to interest statistics, there were only 16 small and medium-sized banks with such products.

The emergence of such products is forced by the dual factors of epidemic situation and supervision. The outbreak of the epidemic has accelerated the online process of offline banks. In the past, in terms of online small consumer loans, banks relied more on lending institutions based on channels, customer groups, risks and many other factors. However, this time, due to the introduction of a number of policies on the eve of the Spring Festival, and the decline in the profit of the loan-helping business caused by the epidemic, the prospects of the loan-helping business are dim in the short term, and the development environment has also undergone profound changes. On the basis of cooperation with lending institutions and their own financial advantages, more banks began to try self-operated cash loans.

It seems that banks' compulsory self-operated cash loans are becoming a new starting point for banks to carry out consumer finance business.

Compared with similar products on the market, banks lend their own cash to customers at a lower interest rate and a larger amount. Moreover, due to strict supervision, such products do not have the phenomenon of irregular operation such as "beheading interest" which has been criticized in the current consumer finance market, and their business compliance has been greatly improved.

At present, the cash loan market is not dominated by banks. The cash loan market opened around 20 15, and then experienced the rapid development and rectification storm of campus loans. At present, there are many competitors in the cash loan market, such as large and medium-sized Internet companies, licensed consumer finance companies and unlicensed Internet finance companies, which are more sinking than credit cards.

Now, a large number of banks have rushed in. For small and medium-sized banks, it is the consumer finance business that has collectively opened a new business model after helping loans. For the market, a new round of reshuffle in the cash loan market may have quietly started.

High profit phenomenon

The author and friends around me made a comparative test of several products launched earlier, and found that, on the whole, the self-operated cash loan products of banks have lower interest rates and larger quotas, which are more competitive than other similar products.

The author's friend is a white-collar worker. He once borrowed money from ants, and the maximum loan amount was 70 thousand yuan. At present, he has not used it for a long time, and the re-application amount is only 20,000 yuan, and the annualized interest rate is 12.32%. A friend applied for repayment, with the amount of 9000 yuan and the interest rate of 18.88%. However, this friend applied for a "Meow Meow Loan" from Tianjin Binhai Rural Commercial Bank, with a quota of 300,000 yuan and an annual interest rate of only 12.24%.

Compared with licensed consumer finance companies, banks have obvious advantages in self-operated cash loans. I applied for a loan by myself, with a line of 654.38 million yuan and an annualized interest rate of 654.38+ 04.6%. Apply for products from a city commercial bank in northwest China, with a quota of 182200 yuan and an annualized interest rate of 16.35%. The author applied for the comfort flower under the immediate consumer finance, with a quota of only 20,000 and an annualized interest rate of 35.47%. Apply for a good term loan, the amount is only 1900 yuan, and the annualized interest rate is 22.438+0%.

Such loans are similar to bank credit cards when applying, and WeChat applet is the most convenient way to obtain these loans. Search for the name of the corresponding loan product in the WeChat search box, such as "Meow Meow Loan", and you can find the "Meow Meow Loan" applet of Tianjin Binhai Rural Commercial Bank. After clicking, you need to be authorized to query location information, upload the front and back of your ID card, identify the face and voiceprint password, and submit a series of personal information (including industry, rank, company name, residential address, common email address, emergency contact information, etc.). ). After submitting the information,

However, such products are different from credit cards. A bank insider told Zero One Finance that such products are priced differently according to customer groups, and the interest rate is generally higher than that of credit cards, so they are mainly aimed at people who are more sinking than credit card customers. But at present, the bank's customer selection is still conservative, and its main goal is to get better customers among the sinking crowd.

For banks, this is the offline business online, which is a part of the digital transformation of business. The person admitted to Zero One Finance that this is a big trend, because now all kinds of life scenes are going online, and the retail business of banks must also conform to this trend and provide customers with financial services at your fingertips by accelerating integration into consumption scenes.

At present, this business can get higher profits than credit cards. The above-mentioned person said that, generally speaking, credit cards mainly earn the handling fee for customers to swipe their cards, with little profit and limited room for improvement. The higher profit is the large-scale installment business of credit cards, but the scale of large-scale installment business can't go up. "Credit card holders are generally of high quality, generally unwilling to stage, and have too high interest rate requirements; Those who are willing to go on stage are low-and middle-income people. Credit cards are worried about risks and are unwilling to underwrite. " He said frankly. According to Zero One Finance, according to the different capital costs and pricing levels of banks, the profits of self-operated cash loans of banks are different, but as long as the risk control management is done well, even if customers sink properly, they can achieve considerable profits.

An insider showed the profit rate to Zero One Finance: Generally speaking, the interest rate charged by banks for self-operated cash loans is within 18%. The cost of bank self-operated cash loan includes three parts: capital cost, customer acquisition cost and risk control cost. The capital cost is the interest of bank demand and time deposit, which is generally around 3%, and the capital cost of small and medium-sized banks is above 4%; The cost of risk control is mainly the personnel salary, data cost and bad debts invested by banks for risk control. During the epidemic period, the bad debts were about 2%, and the salary of risk control personnel and data cost added up to about 1%. In this way, the bank's profit is about 8%- 10%.

Profit of self-operated cash loans of banks = customer interest rate (within 18%)-capital cost (above 4%)-risk control cost (that is, "bad debts due to personnel salary data costs", totaling about 3%)- customer acquisition cost (unequal) = 8% ~ 10%.

In contrast, the profit of consumer finance's loan-assisting and joint loan business is around 7%-8% and 4%-6%, and the profit rate is not as good as that of bank's self-operated cash loan. The aforementioned bankers told Zero One Finance that apart from profits, the biggest advantage of self-operated cash loans of banks is that banks have the initiative in operation, unlike in the business of helping loans and joint loans, banks lack bargaining power and are relatively passive.

Moreover, during the epidemic, the profit of the loan-helping business further declined. Informed sources revealed to Zero One Finance that the overdue rate of loan-aiding products generally increased during the epidemic. For example, the 30-day overdue rate of vintage, the head cash loan product in the market, has risen from 1.5% before the epidemic to 2.5% at present, and the product requires small and medium-sized banks to have a pass rate of no less than 70% for their recommended customers, which makes it impossible for these banks to control the pass rate to reduce bad debts and further reduce their profits. Moreover, this product is a very high-quality first loan product on the market, and the overdue rate of other loan products will only be higher.

Bank's breakthrough

The emergence of such products is a breakthrough for small and medium-sized banks-this is the first time that small and medium-sized banks have made huge profits in the self-operated consumer finance business in the sinking market on the premise of meeting the regulatory requirements.

Before, banks did not enter this market in large quantities because the risks and benefits did not match. In the past consumer finance field, in the sinking market other than mortgage, car loan and bank credit card, it was mainly the head e-commerce platform and licensed consumer finance companies that could set the customer interest rate within 18%. The risk control level of banks is not low, but in the sinking market, banks lack customer data, and it is difficult to make a profit with low customer interest rates.

Bank self-operated cash loan products first appeared around 20 15. However, most banks that were able to launch similar products at that time were state-owned banks and joint-stock banks. There are no more than 65,438+08 banks in total. There are more than 4,000 banks in China, and most other banks are unable to launch such products.

The reason is that it is more difficult to control the risk of self-operated cash loans. A bank insider told Zero One Finance that customers of self-operated cash loan products are more extensive than credit cards, including customers who are more sinking than credit cards. These customers have no credit records in the previous credit information system. To judge their credit, we need to use data outside the banking system, such as various behavioral data on the Internet. Using Internet big data for risk control modeling requires that the bank's risk control system should have compound talents who are proficient in mathematics, computer and banking business. These talents earn tens of millions of dollars a year in the market, and most of them are located in a few first-and second-tier cities. State-owned banks and joint-stock banks have strong financial strength, strong investment and R&D strength in the field of financial technology, and generous treatment can attract relevant talents to join and form teams. However, many city commercial banks and rural commercial banks can't keep up with the lack of financial strength, can't provide enough financial technology talents, and it is difficult to recruit these talents because of the operating system and geographical environment.

Previously, most banks made up for it by developing loan assistance and joint loan products, that is, cooperating with Lending Bao, Micro-loan, Baidu Youhuahua, Jiufuwanka and Paipai Loan. This business model emerged on 20 16.

However, the biggest problem encountered in the loan-aiding and loan-pooling model is the concern of supervision on "risk control outsourcing". Risk control is the core competitiveness of banks. If banks completely outsource risk control, they will gradually become cheap fund wholesalers.

Since 20 19, some small and medium-sized banks have begun to explore self-operated cash loan products. Zero One Finance said that most of these small and medium-sized banks buy the risk control services of financial technology companies, which enables small and medium-sized banks to break through the bottleneck and have the foundation of online self-operated online consumer loan products. For example, the model of New Hope Jinke is to buy more products and cooperate with dozens of traditional banks to export technology and risk control.

However, banks need many third-party risk control service providers to use the model of financial technology companies. Many financial technology companies like New Hope Jinke only sell models to banks and do not provide follow-up services. In this way, banks still have problems in using the model, that is, they can't understand the model and can't maintain and upgrade iteratively, because most of the bank's risk control talents are familiar with traditional risk control logic methods and lack the ability of big data risk control based on information technology and algorithms. Therefore, banks need third-party risk control service providers to help banks adjust their models and strategies according to their risk preferences and risk control strategies, train professionals within banks, and gradually improve their big data risk control capabilities.

"Banks also look at each other. Not many banks tried this kind of business last year, just testing the water. However, many banks found that the profitability of self-operated cash loans was very good this year, so they followed up. " Xuan Lu told Zero One Finance.

Shuffle and new market

Without the epidemic, the bank's self-operated cash loans will also increase this year, but the epidemic has accelerated this process.

On the one hand, the epidemic has accelerated the process of online banking. A bank insider told Zero One Finance that his bank is now trying to move all kinds of business processes, including mortgages, to the Internet, so that customers don't have to come to bank outlets to do business as much as possible. Without the epidemic, many enterprises would not go online so soon.

On the other hand, the epidemic has given small and medium-sized banks a short time window. After the outbreak of the epidemic, many consumer finance companies tightened their loans, which gave small and medium-sized banks the opportunity to grab high-quality customers in the consumer finance market.

The biggest impact that can be seen in the short term may be that high-quality customers who are sinking more than credit cards in the consumer finance market are taken away by banks. This will affect some Internet companies and licensed consumer finance companies.

However, this change may not be too fast. Many people in the industry told Zero One Finance that it is a difficult problem for banks to obtain self-operated cash loans. Taking the "meow loan" of Tianjin Binhai Rural Commercial Bank as an example, the author found the meow loan. I first heard people in the industry talk about this product, knowing that this product can be found in a small program, and then I used the name "Meow Meow Loan" to search for this product on WeChat. When users need a loan, they usually get it through the most convenient way available at that time, but they don't know that there is a product called "Meow Meow Loan", although it may provide a larger loan amount and lower interest rate.

The fundamental solution to the problem of obtaining customers depends on the progress of "opening banks" this year. An insider of a bank who launched a self-operated cash loan earlier told Zero One Finance that one of the key tasks of the bank's retail business department this year is to connect this product with more consumption scenarios. He said: "In the future, there will be no shortage of products in the market. What is lacking is the user experience and scene penetration. "

In addition, an insider of a risk control service provider who has served a number of banks told Zero One Finance that it will take time to do a good job in risk control of self-operated cash loan products of banks, because the data governance of small and medium-sized banks is chaotic, the risk control data management lacks a system, and there is also a lack of talents in risk control modeling.

In the long run, the introduction of self-operated cash loans by banks has actually formed 20 13 * * knowledge under the general trend of "bank customers sinking". 20 13,13 In June, Ba Shusong, then deputy director of the Financial Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center, said at the Boao SME Forum that the sinking of bank customers has become industry knowledge. "Bank transformation" refers to the transformation from the original mode of chasing large households to the decentralized retail mode of small and medium-sized enterprises.

In the past two years, the sinking of bank customers has really landed.

20 15 Chen daofu, director of the comprehensive research office of the financial research institute of the State Council development research center, said that local governments have long been important customers of commercial banks and an important force supporting the scale expansion of some banks. In the future, local government-led investment will be less and less, and commercial banks must sink their customer structure.

At the end of 20 19, the head of the credit management department of a provincial credit cooperative in Central China complained in an interview with National Business Daily. From the beginning of 20 19 to the end of 2009, the loan of state-owned bank inclusive finance sank, which brought great pressure to local legal entities including rural commercial banks, rural credit cooperatives and city commercial banks. After the sinking of large state-owned commercial banks, it attracted a large number of high-quality customers.

As a risk control service provider, companies in Xuan Lu are currently receiving demand to develop online loans for small and micro enterprises and individual merchants.

The sinking of bank customers will bring about the remodeling of the existing competition pattern in consumer finance market and small and micro enterprise financial market. This is a chain reaction. If high-quality customers are taken away by banks, it means that customers of other consumer finance companies and small and micro enterprise financial services companies may also need to sink further.

In this process, as a third-party risk control service provider, it may also usher in a great opportunity.

Xuan Lu summarized the "trilogy" of bank sinking service risk control: the first part, doing loan assistance or joint loan; The second part, self-operated products are launched, but the risk control ability is still weak; The third part, completely establish their own independent risk control ability.

As far as Xuan Lu is concerned, only a few state-owned banks and joint-stock banks have independent risk control ability in sinking service, which is in the third stage. At present, most banks are still in the first stage, and more banks in South China and East China have entered the second stage.

"Unlike people who say big data risk control every day in our circle, when we went out to do projects for banks, we found that banks in many places had never even heard of big data risk control before. This market is too big and has just begun. " Xuan Lu concluded.

End.

What does development loan mean?

Hello development loan refers to the loan generally used to develop natural resources. Its characteristics include long recovery period, and once the loan is invested, it cannot be moved.