combination reaction
1. Magnesium burns in air: 2Mg+O2 ignites 2MgO.
2. Iron burns in oxygen: 3Fe+2O2 ignites Fe3O4.
3. Aluminum burns in air: 4Al+3O2 ignites 2Al2O3.
4. Hydrogen burns in air: 2H2+O2 ignites 2H2O.
5. Red phosphorus burns in air: 4P+5O2 ignites 2P2O5.
6. Sulfur powder burns in air: S+O2 ignites SO2.
7. Complete combustion of carbon in oxygen: C+O2 ignites CO2.
8. Incomplete combustion of carbon in oxygen: 2C+O2 ignites 2CO.
9. Carbon dioxide passes through the hot carbon layer: C+CO2, high temperature 2CO.
10. Carbon monoxide burns in oxygen: 2CO+O2 ignites 2CO2.
1 1. Reaction of carbon dioxide with water (carbon dioxide is introduced into litmus purpurea test solution): CO2+H2O === H2CO3.
12, quicklime dissolved in water: CaO+H2O === Ca(OH)2.
13, anhydrous copper sulfate as desiccant: cuso4+5h2o = = = cuso4? 5H2O
14. Sodium burns in chlorine: 2Na+Cl2 ignites 2NaCl.
decomposition reaction
15, oxygen production with hydrogen peroxide in the laboratory: 2H2O2 MnO2 2H2O+ O2↑ =
16, heating potassium permanganate: 2KMnO4 heating k2mno4+MnO2+O2 =
17, water decomposition under the action of direct current: 2H2O charged 2H2 =+O2 =
18, unstable decomposition of carbonic acid: H2CO3 === H2O+CO2↑ = =
19. Calcined limestone at high temperature (industrial preparation method of carbon dioxide): CaCO3, high temperature CaO+CO2↑ =
displacement reaction
20. The reaction between iron and copper sulfate solution: Fe+CuSO4 == FeSO4+Cu.
2 1, reaction of zinc with dilute sulfuric acid (hydrogen production in laboratory): Zn+Zn+H2SO4 == ZnSO4+H2↑ =
22. the reaction of magnesium with dilute hydrochloric acid: mg Mg+ 2HCl === MgCl2+H2↑ =
23. Reduction of copper oxide by hydrogen: H2+ copper oxide heats copper +H2O.
24. Reduction of copper oxide with charcoal: 2Cu, high temperature 2Cu+CO2↑ =
25. Methane burns in air: CH4+2O2 ignites CO2+2H2O.
26. Water vapor passes through the hot carbon layer: H2+CO+C, high temperature H2+Co.
27. Reduction of iron oxide by coke: 3C+ 2Fe2O3, high temperature 4Fe+3CO2↑ =
other
28. The reaction between sodium hydroxide solution and copper sulfate solution: 2NaOH+CuSO4 == Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO4.
29. Methane burns in air: CH4+2O2 ignites CO2+2H2O.
30. Alcohol burns in the air: C2H5OH+3O2 ignites 2CO2+3H2O.
3 1. Reduction of copper oxide by carbon monoxide: CO+ CuO heats Cu+CO2.
32. Carbon monoxide reduces iron oxide at high temperature: 3CO+ Fe2O3, 2Fe+3CO2.
33. Clarify carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by limewater: Ca (OH) 2+CO2 = = = CaCO3 ↓+H2O+H2O.
34, sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide reaction (carbon dioxide removal): 2 NaOH+CO2 = = = Na2CO3+H2O.
35. The reaction between limestone (or marble) and dilute hydrochloric acid (laboratory preparation of carbon dioxide): CaCO3+2hcl = = CaCl2+H2O+CO2 = 36, and the reaction between sodium carbonate and concentrated hydrochloric acid (foam extinguisher's principle): Na2CO3+2hcl = = 2NaCl+H2O+CO2 =
I. Reaction of substances with oxygen:
(1) the reaction of simple substance with oxygen;
1. Magnesium burns in air: 2Mg+O2 ignites 2MgO.
2. Iron burns in oxygen: 3Fe+2O2 ignites Fe3O4.
3. Copper heating in air: 2Cu+O2 heating 2CuO.
4. Aluminum burns in air: 4Al+3O2 ignites 2Al2O3.
5. Combustion in hydrogen and air: 2H2+O2 ignites 2H2O.
6. Red phosphorus burns in air: 4P+5O2 ignites 2P2O5.
7. Sulfur powder burns in air: S+O2 ignites SO2.
8. Complete combustion of carbon in oxygen: C+O2 ignites CO2.
9. Incomplete combustion of carbon in oxygen: 2C+O2 ignites 2CO.
(2) the reaction of compounds with oxygen:
10. Carbon monoxide burns in oxygen: 2CO+O2 ignites 2CO2.
1 1. Methane burns in air: CH4+2O2 ignites CO2+2H2O.
12. Alcohol burns in air: C2H5OH+3O2 ignites 2CO2+3H2O.
2. Several decomposition reactions:
13. Decomposition of water under direct current: 2H2O charged 2H2 =+O2 =
14. heating basic copper carbonate: Cu2(OH)2CO3 heating 2cuo+H2O+CO2 =
15. heating potassium chlorate (containing a small amount of manganese dioxide): 2kClO3 = = = 2kCl+3o2 =
16. heating potassium permanganate: 2KMnO4 heating k2mno4+MnO2+O2 =
17. Carbonic acid is unstable and decomposed: H2CO3 === H2O+CO2↑ =
18. high temperature calcined limestone: CaCO3, high temperature CaO+CO2↑ =
Three. Several redox reactions:
19. Reduction of copper oxide by hydrogen: H2+ copper oxide heats copper +H2O.
20. Reduction of copper oxide with charcoal: 2Cu, high temperature 2Cu+CO2↑ =
2 1. Iron oxide reduction by coke: 3C+ 2Fe2O3, high temperature 4Fe+3CO2↑ =
22. Reducing Fe3O4 with coke at high temperature: 2c+Fe3O4, 3Fe+2 CO2 =
23. Reduction of copper oxide by carbon monoxide: CO+ CuO heats Cu+CO2.
24. Reduction of iron oxide by carbon monoxide: 3CO+ Fe2O3, high temperature, 2Fe+3CO2.
25. Reduction of ferroferric oxide with carbon monoxide: 4CO+ Fe3O4, high temperature 3Fe+4CO2.
4. Relationship among simple substance, oxide, acid, alkali and salt
(1) elemental metal+acid salt+hydrogen (displacement reaction)
26. Zinc and dilute sulfuric acid Zn+H2SO4 = ZnSO4+H2 Write
27. Iron and dilute sulfuric acid Fe+H2SO4 = FeSO4+H2 Write
28. magnesium and dilute sulfuric acid mg+H2SO4 = mgso4+H2 write
29. Aluminum and dilute sulfuric acid 2Al +3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 +3H2↑ 3+3H2+3H2 write 3+3H2.
30. Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid Zn+Zn+2HCl === ZnCl2+H2↑ =
3 1. Iron and dilute hydrochloric acid Fe+2 Fe+2HCl === FeCl2+H2↑ = H2 =
32. Magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid Mg Mg+ 2HCl === MgCl2+H2↑ =
33. Aluminum and dilute hydrochloric acid 2Al+6HCl = = 2AlCl3+3H2 Write
(2) Simple metal+salt (solution)-another metal+another salt
34. The reaction between iron and copper sulfate solution: Fe+CuSO4 = = FeSO4+Cu.
35. The reaction between zinc and copper sulfate solution: Zn+CuSO4 = = ZnSO4+Cu.
36. The reaction between copper and mercury nitrate solution: Cu+Hg (NO3) 2 = = Cu (NO3) 2+Hg.
(3) Alkaline oxide+acid salt+water
37. The reaction of iron oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid: Fe2O3+6HCl === 2FeCl3+3H2O+3H2O.
38. Reaction of iron oxide with dilute sulfuric acid: Fe2O3+3H2SO4 = = Fe2 (SO4) 3+3H2O+3H2O.
39. Reaction of copper oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid: CuO+2hcl = = = CuCl2+H2O.
40. The reaction between copper oxide and dilute sulfuric acid: CuO+H2SO4 = = = CuSO4+H2O.
4 1. The reaction of magnesium oxide with dilute sulfuric acid: MgO+H2SO4 = = = MgSO4+H2O.
42. The reaction of calcium oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid: Cao+2 HCl = = = CaCl2+H2O.
(4) acidic oxide+alkaline salt+water
43. Caustic sodium will deteriorate when exposed to air: 2NaOH+CO2 ==== Na2CO3+H2O.
44. Caustic sodium absorbs sulfur dioxide gas: 2 NaOH+SO2 = = = Na2SO3+H2O.
45. Caustic sodium absorbs sulfur trioxide gas: 2NaOH+SO3 ==== Na2SO4+H2O.
46. The slaked lime deteriorates in the air: Ca (OH) 2+CO2 = = = CaCO3 ↓+H2O+H2O.
47. The slaked lime absorbs sulfur dioxide: ca (oh) 2+SO2 = = = caso3 ↓+H2O+H2O.
(5) acid+alkali-salt+water
48. Reaction of hydrochloric acid with caustic soda: HCl+NaOH = = = NaCl+H2O.
49. Reaction of hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide: HCl+KOH = = = KCl+H2O.
50. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and copper hydroxide: 2HCl+Cu (OH) 2 = = CuCl2+2H2O.
5 1. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium hydroxide: 2hcl+Ca (OH) 2 = = CaCl2+2h2o.
52. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and iron hydroxide: 3HCl+Fe (OH) 3 = = = FeCl 3+3H2O.
53. Aluminum hydroxide for the treatment of hyperacidity: 3HCl+Al (OH) 3 = = = AlCl3+3H2O.
54. Reaction between sulfuric acid and caustic soda: H2SO4+2NaOH = = = Na2SO4+2H2O.
55. The reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide: H2SO4+2koh = = = K2SO4+2h2o.
56. The reaction between sulfuric acid and copper hydroxide: H2SO4+Cu (OH) 2 = = CuSO4+2H2O.
57. The reaction between sulfuric acid and iron hydroxide: 3H2SO4+2Fe (OH) 3 = = Fe2 (SO4) 3+6H2O.
58. The reaction between nitric acid and caustic soda: nitric acid+sodium hydroxide = = = sodium nitrite+H2O H2O.
(6) acid+salt-another acid+another salt
59. marble reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid: CaCO3+2hcl = = CaCl2+H2O+CO2 =
60. Sodium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid: Na2CO3+2HCl = = 2NaCl+H2O+CO2 =
6 1. Reaction of magnesium carbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid: MgCO3+2HCl = = MgCl2+H2O+CO2 =
62. Reaction between hydrochloric acid and silver nitrate solution: HCl+AgNO3 === AgCl↓+HNO3.
63. The reaction of sulfuric acid and sodium carbonate: Na2CO3+H2SO4 = = Na2SO4+H2O+CO2 =
64. The reaction between sulfuric acid and barium chloride solution: H2SO4+bacl2 = = = baso4 ↓+2hcl.
(7) alkali+salt-another alkali+another salt
65. Sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate: 2 NaOH+CuSO4 = = Cu (OH) 2 ↓+Na2SO4.
66. Sodium hydroxide and ferric chloride: 3 NaOH+FeCl 3 = = Fe (OH) 3 ↓+3 NaCl.
67. Sodium hydroxide and magnesium chloride: 2 NaOH+MgCl2 = = mg (OH) 2 ↓+2 NaCl.
68. Sodium hydroxide and copper chloride: 2 NaOH+CuCl2 = = Cu (OH) 2 ↓+2 NaCl.
69. Calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate: Ca (OH) 2+Na2CO3 = = CaCO3 ↓+2NaOH.
(8) salt+salt-two new salts
70. Sodium chloride solution and silver nitrate solution: NaCl+AgNO3 = = = AgCl ↓+Nano3.
7 1. sodium sulfate and barium chloride: Na2SO4+bacl2 = = = baso4 ↓+2 NaCl junior high school chemical formula (2)
Verb (short for verb) Other reactions:
72. Carbon dioxide is soluble in water: CO2+H2O === H2CO3.
73. Quicklime is soluble in water: CaO+H2O === Ca(OH)2.
74. Sodium oxide is soluble in water: Na2O+H2O = = = 2 NaOH.
75. Sulfur trioxide is soluble in water: SO3+H2O = = = H2SO4.
76. Copper sulfate crystal is decomposed by heat: CuSO4? Heating CuSO4+5H2O
77. Anhydrous copper sulfate as desiccant: CuSO4+5H2O = = = CuSO4? 5H2
Chemical formula of commonly used substances in junior high school
Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine (nonmetallic elements)
H2 C N2 O2 P S Cl2
Sodium, magnesium, aluminum, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, barium, tungsten and mercury (simple metals)
Na Mg Al K Ga Fe Zn Cu Ba W Hg
Water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sodium diphosphate pentoxide, nitrogen dioxide and silicon dioxide.
H2O, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, P2O5, Na2O2SiO2.
Sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, nitric oxide, magnesium oxide, copper oxide, barium oxide and cuprous oxide.
SO2 SO3 NO MgO CuO BaO Cu2O
Ferrous oxide, iron oxide (iron red), iron oxide, alumina and tungsten oxide.
Iron oxide iron oxide ferric oxide aluminum oxide WO3
Silver oxide, lead oxide and manganese dioxide (common oxides)
Ag2O PbO MnO2
Potassium chloride sodium chloride (salt) magnesium chloride calcium chloride copper chloride zinc chloride barium chloride aluminum chloride
KCl sodium chloride magnesium chloride calcium chloride copper chloride zinc chloride barium chloride aluminum trichloride
Ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and silver chloride (chloride/hydrochloride)
Ferric chloride, ferrous chloride and silver chloride
Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrogen sulfide and bromobicarbonate (common acid)
Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, H2S, bicarbonate bromide.
Copper sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ferric sulfate.
Copper sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate
Aluminum sulfate, sodium bisulfate, potassium bisulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and silver nitrate.
Al2(SO4)3 nah so 4 khso 4 naso 3 nano 3 kno 3 agno 3
Magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrite, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.
Magnesium nitrate copper calcium nitrate sodium nitrite sodium carbonate calcium carbonate magnesium carbonate
Potassium carbonate (salt)
potassium carbonate
Sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, copper hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
Sodium hydroxide ca (oh) 2ba (oh) 2mg (oh) 2cu (oh) 2koal (oh) 3
Iron hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide (common alkali)
ferrous hydroxide
Methane acetylene methanol ethanol acetic acid (common organic matter)
Methane C2H2 CH3OH C2H5OH CH3COOH
Basic copper carbonate gypsum plaster alum copperas.
Cu2(OH)2CO3 CaSO4？ 2H2O 2 CaSO4？ H2O· Karl (sulfuric acid) 2? 12H2O FeSO4？ 7H2O
Blue alum sodium carbonate crystal (common crystal hydrate)
CuSO4？ 5H2O Na2CO3？ 10H2O
Urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (common fertilizer)
CO(NH2)2 nh4no 3(NH4)2so 4 NH 4h CO 3 kh2po 4