Although the colors of nature are ever-changing, there are rules to follow. This rule can be summarized as follows:

1, spatial perspective of color:

The perspective of color actually refers to the spatial color, which is also the law of perspective change that any plastic arts can't get rid of. Because people's vision reflects the distance of an object according to the perspective principle of being near and far and small. Things of the same size are taller when they are close to us. People who are far away from us think they are short. This is caused by the perspective of the body, which is near and far. Color also has the law of perspective change, such as near warm, far cold, near bright, far fuzzy and so on. Especially in landscape painting, due to the profound and open space distance, the law of this color perspective change is particularly prominent. However, the space for painting still life is small, and the degree of perspective change of color is correspondingly reduced. Not only the image characteristics of all objects change with the increase of spatial distance, but also the color relationship gradually weakens, which is the basic law of spatial perspective change.

2, the objective change law of light and color:

The medium through which we can see the color of an object is light. Objects are illuminated by different light, and the back has yin and yang, light and shade, and depth, showing three-dimensional and cold and warm color changes. Due to the effect of light, objects have the influence of mutual scattering of environmental colors, and the inherent colors of different objects reflect and influence each other, resulting in rich and colorful colors. However, it should be pointed out that the temperature of light source color plays a very important role in the change of natural color. The general rule of colored light irradiation is that the bright part of an object under "warm color" light is "warm color phase", and then its dark part is "cold color phase". Objects under "cold" light have "cold tone" in the bright part and "warm tone" in the dark part. If the temperature of color light is not obvious, it should be divided according to the intensity of two-color light. Under normal circumstances, the sunshine, lights and firelight in the morning and evening are warm colors, while the sunshine, skylight and incandescent light at noon are cool colors. We still live indoors when painting, and most of the light sources we receive come from the skylight outside the window. Under normal circumstances, the sky is mostly cold, but there are also special circumstances, such as the afterglow of sunrise and sunset, and the light reflected by the outdoor red wall sometimes affects the indoor light heating. If the sun shines directly on indoor objects, it must be a warm light source. Attention should be paid to the change of this kind of light, and the specific situation should be treated when painting. We should not only respect the objective object, but also carefully analyze and pay attention to our own feelings. The direct illumination of the light source is on the light receiving surface of the object environment, so the temperature of the light color also determines the temperature of the bright complexion.

3. About complementary colors:

The relationship between cool color and warm color is complementary color relationship. It is not difficult for people to understand the colors of light and dark, cold and warm. If red light shines, the light-receiving surface of the object will be covered with a layer of red warm color, and people's vision will look at the color that is too warm for a long time, so if they want to see cold things, they want to feel warm if they look at the color that is too cold for a long time. This is the normal requirement of human vision and constitutes the complementary color phenomenon of human vision.

The phenomenon of complementary cold and warm colors can be seen everywhere in nature. When the sun rises in the morning, red light covers all the light-receiving surfaces of natural objects, and the dark parts of various objects are more or less green at this time. As the sun rises, the color light changes from red to yellow, and the dark part of the object gradually changes from green to purple and blue to purple. Especially when the sun is about to set, under the illumination of orange-red and orange-yellow light sources, all the sunsets and the light-receiving surfaces of all objects in the sky are covered with orange-red or orange-yellow, and the dark parts show different degrees of turquoise or purple-green flavor. This phenomenon of complementary colors of cold and warm colors and strong light and shade can be clearly seen by the naked eye. Scenes in color photos and color movies also scientifically prove the complementary phenomenon of colors.

The above phenomenon of complementary colors is widely used in color training and color painting. Still life is mostly sketched indoors, and the complementary color relationship is far less intense than that in the wild. However, in the case of light source and color strength, any color can not be separated from complementary color factors. If we ignore the application of complementary colors and only know that the dark parts are aggravated and blackened, then the color effect on the screen will inevitably appear dull and rigid because of insufficient contrast. In painting chromatics, the complementary color of painting color can be found in the marked color circle, and the complementary color object is generally 180 on the color circle.