It happens that Wang Wei, the founder of Nanzong painting, is also a master of verve poetry and the earliest believer of Nanzong Zen. Wang Youcheng Collection Volume 25 Monument to Master Nengchan eulogizes Huineng, the ancestor of Nanzong Zen. It says, "Disciple says God knows ... I know this, so I can praise him"; The quotation of the first remnant volume of the Collection of Monks' Remains records the dialogue that "counselor Wang Wei is making peace in a temporary post, if it is a monastery". In him, Zen, poetry and painting can be said to come down in one continuous line, and the most critical thing to evaluate him is the sentence "Poetry and painting are twin sisters". Su Shi's Inscription of Dongpo, Volume 5, Calligraphy and Scenery in Lantian, said: "Poetry is charming in taste and has pictures in it; Looking at the painting, there are poems in the painting. "Wang Fengxiang Wei's" Eight Scenes of Painting by Wu Daozi "said more clearly:" The poems in the early ink are old, and Pei's attack. If you look at this mural today, it will be clear if it is poetic. "When commenting on Su Shi, Ji Yun said:" The meaning of the word' Dun' is not unreasonable, but it is embedded ",which is quite correct; "Escape" is about profound "righteousness". See Zhang Yanyuan's Notes on Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties, Volume 1, Painting Landscape Trees and Stones: "If it is heavy", but it is far-fetched to use it with "Qing" to reveal the embarrassment of rhyme.
Shen Kuo's Meng Qian Bi Tan (Volume 17): "The beauty of calligraphy and painting should be based on God, but it is difficult to ask for it. For example, Yan Yuan's paintings and Wang Wei's paintings often don't ask about the four seasons. Picturesque flowers often depict a scene with peaches, apricots and lotus flowers. There are bananas in the snow in the "Sleeping Snow Map" collected by Yu family, which is difficult to discuss with the laity. " [23] Du Mu's Implication Compilation: "Wang Wei painted an ambush portrait, not kneeling with bamboo slips, but sitting in a basket and stretching several times. The cover is not formed, and it is a banana in the snow. " Wang Shizhen, another master of verve poetry school, combined Wang Wei's paintings with his poems, Talking about Ikebukuro (Volume 18): "It is said that Wang Youcheng painted bananas in the snow, and so did his poems. For example, the maple trees in Jiujiang are several times greener, and the five lakes in Yangzhou are several times whiter. The three names of Lanling Town, Fuchun Country and Shitou Town are used together, and they are all far away. Generally speaking, ancient poetry and painting only took pleasure in meeting God. " Jin Nong, a famous painter and poet, linked Wang Wei's paintings with his Zen. Inscription of miscellaneous paintings in Winter Heart Collection: "Bananas in the snow in Wang Youcheng are the wonderful structure of the painting garden. Bananas are things that businessmen rot quickly. How can we not wither in winter? Youcheng is deeper than Zen, so there are paintings to show that shaman is not bad and always stays strong. What you do is exactly the same, and the viewer must not take it as a true ear. " Jin Nong doesn't seem to have a deep understanding of Zen; There is a "story" in Zen Buddhism, which has the same nature as the so-called "Adinata, impossible" in ancient western rhetoric [24]. For example, "Five Lights Meeting Yuan" volume 10 celebrates the Taiping Meeting: "There is a vein in ancient and modern times, all of which are clouds:' Dust comes from the bottom of the well, waves come from the top of the mountain, flowers are empty, and women are born'". [25] If the banana in the snow contains any "Zen", it is nothing more than "nothing after all" like the red dust at the bottom of the well and the blue waves at the top of the mountain.
Give an example of reciting a poem to illustrate Wang Wei's technique. The second poem of Miscellaneous Poems: "You from my old country, tell me what happened there! ; When you pass my silk window, are plum blossoms in full bloom? " Zhao Diancheng's comment on Wang Youcheng Collection: "According to Tao Yuanming's poem,' I come from the mountains and my eyes shine in the morning and evening. I live under the south window. How many chrysanthemums have I had in my life?' It is the same as the chapter of Youcheng, except that there are a little more affixes below, and the interest is not far away. A tour of the city is just a short sentence, but it has endless melody. "Comment on writing is good, just owe some exams. That poem was written in the name of the late Tang Dynasty, not by Tao Qian, and the first half was based on this article by Wang Wei. The second half sentence: "The rose leaves were picked, and Qiu Lan was very angry. Go back to the mountains. The wine in the mountains needs to be boiled. "It is also born out of Li Bai's" Purple Palace Feeling Autumn ":"Ling Tao returns, and Tianjia wine is ripe. "The biggest contrast with Wang Wei's 20 sentences is Wang Ji's" Meeting a Villager in Jingsi's Hometown "in the early Tang Dynasty:" I have lived in the garden for many years, and I don't know when I am old. Suddenly I met a guest in front of the door and came to my hometown. Fold your eyebrows and shake hands, and smile through tears. Visit friends frequently and ask children. If it's my brother's nephew, what about the pool table? Is the ancient garden here today? New trees should also be planted. Willow lines are dense? Is Mao Zhai wide or narrow? Where does the meridian go? Don't plant a few plums. When there is no water in the canal, the rice is assembled with moss. Who ripens the fruit first? After Hualin? I just want to ask, but I don't have to guess for the report. The business is to drive along the road and trim the old garden. "This poem is very good, but compared with Wang Wei's miscellaneous poems, it obviously shows different treatment of the same theme. Wang Ji is equivalent to meticulous painting, and Wang Wei is equivalent to "capital" in painting. Ji Wang asked meticulously, which can be said to be "comprehensive"; Wang Wei never bothered to say anything, saying, "Does it hurt people? "Don't ask the horse" style (The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu and Cultural Relics). Wang Wei seems to be cutting Wang Ji's poems into one, just as Cheng Zhengqi said on painting, "using subtraction" instead of "complexity". Didn't Cheng Zhengqi also say that "the sense of meaning is high, the brushwork is reduced, the wrinkles are heavily dyed, and the description is almost the same, so you get angry"? As long as this painting criticism is compared with Wang Shizhen's poetry criticism, it will be clearer. "Notes on Xiangzu" Volume 6: "Taste Hao Jingshan's water view and realize the poet's samadhi. He said,' Far people have no eyes, far water has no waves, and far mountains have no ridges. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, like Xu Daoning's landscape criticism today, is a true painting. Historical Records, like several peaks in the sky painted by Guo Zhongshu, is a bit of pen and ink, but it is convincing that it goes beyond pen and ink. "Right Elvis Presley's" Wild Guest Series "in Chinese, poetry samadhi, often used to express the so-called" silent, it is romantic. " Volume 7 of Preface to Silkworm Tail Collection and Zhigan Collection talks about the "reason" of "Southern Sect Painting", and then says: "Although painting is not unique, it is different from ancient and modern ways." Nanzong painting and verve poetry are actually the embodiment of the same artistic principle in two different arts. By the way, the words of Hao Jing quoted by Wang Shizhen cannot be confused with Wang Shizhen's poem "Like Yunlong" in Zhao Zhixin's "Talking about the Dragon Record"; Because just like "far people have no eyes, far trees have no branches, far mountains have no stones, and far water has no waves" (Hao Jing's Landscape Fu and Wang Wei's Landscape Theory), far dragons should also have no scales and claws. [26]
Here is a paper of average quality but very consistent content: a quiet and vigorous life-on Zen in Wang Wei's landscape poems.