On Deepening Education Reform —— One of the Series Papers on "Deepening Education Reform with Scientific Outlook on Development"
At present, China's education reform is at a critical stage. We must take Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, further emancipate our minds, change our concepts, and constantly promote education reform so that all people can share the fruits of education reform. Adhere to people-oriented, pay attention to overall planning, and promote scientific, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of education.
Keywords: sustainable development of education reform in Scientific Outlook on Development
Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, social progress and national development, the fundamental way to improve national quality and promote people's all-round development, and the only way to build a well-off society in an all-round way, accelerate socialist modernization and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. At present, under the correct leadership of the Party and under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, people of all ethnic groups in China are carrying out in-depth reforms in all aspects. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, deepening education reform is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for us to better implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10 ~ 2020).
Insist on deepening education reform in Scientific Outlook on Development.
At present, China is at a critical stage of reform and development. Economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction are advancing in an all-round way, and the pressure on population, resources and environment is increasing, which highlights the importance and urgency of improving national quality and cultivating innovative talents. Faced with unprecedented opportunities and challenges, we must clearly realize that China's education can not fully meet the requirements of the country's economic and social development and people's good education. The concept of education is relatively backward, the content and methods are outdated, and the schoolwork burden of primary and secondary school students is too heavy, so it is difficult to promote quality education; Students' ability to adapt to society, employment and entrepreneurship is not strong, and innovative, practical and compound talents are in short supply; The education system and mechanism are not perfect, and the vitality of running a school is insufficient; The educational structure and layout are not reasonable, the development of education in urban and rural areas and regions is unbalanced, and the development of education in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas lags behind; Education investment is insufficient, and the strategic position of giving priority to education development has not been fully implemented. Receiving a good education has become the people's strong expectation, and deepening education reform has become the common aspiration of the whole society. (2) The Scientific Outlook on Development proposed by the CPC Central Committee headed by Hu Jintao is the inheritance and development of the party's three generations of central collective leadership on the issue of development, and has systematically answered major questions such as what development is, what development to adhere to and for whom. Looking back on the course of China's educational reform for more than 30 years, especially in the 1980s, many beneficial reform experiments were carried out in the field of education, and many valuable experiences were gained. However, from the end of 1980s, primary and secondary schools began to take the college entrance examination as the baton, vigorously develop exam-oriented education, and neglected quality education, which led to students' heavy academic burden. Universities began to merge, upgrade and expand enrollment, which promoted the development, but it also appeared rash and grandiose, resulting in many problems in higher education. All these make us realize that only by adhering to the scientific development model and method can we achieve the success of educational reform. The establishment of Scientific Outlook on Development provided ideological source, theoretical guidance and practical support for the scientific reform and development of education. ③
Adhere to scientific development, continue to emancipate the mind, and provide theoretical support for education and teaching reform.
Education reform has entered? Deep water area? We should further emancipate our minds, change our concepts and thoughts, and constantly promote educational reform so that all people can enjoy the fruits of educational reform.
Re-understand the functional orientation of education, from political function to people-oriented. The practice of educational reform for more than 30 years shows that although educational reform has played an important role in serving political, economic and social construction and achieved gratifying results, it has neglected one thing, that is, people's standard function. Mr Tao Xingzhi once said? Education is to teach people to change, being a good person is a good education, being a bad person is a bad education, life is life, and death is death. ? It can be seen that education should take teaching people to become better as the dimension and adhere to people-oriented, which is the most fundamental function of education.
Further promote the transformation of educational concepts. First of all, let the concept of fairness be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Educational equity is an important foundation to realize social equity. We should consider the equality of educational opportunities, processes and results as a whole. Secondly, the concept of educating people should be changed quickly. In China? Learning well is being an official? 、? Official standards? The concept of "training" is deeply rooted in people's hearts, which requires us to pay attention to the diversification and dilution of training methods in daily teaching reform. Official standards? The influence of thoughts on the educational process. Third, deepen education reform and pay attention to education opening. Opening to the outside world provides us with an opportunity to understand the world. To deepen education reform, we should actively absorb and learn from the beneficial achievements of education reform and development in advanced countries and regions in the world. Finally, we should attach importance to the status and role of private education. Since the reform and opening up, private education has played an important role in making up for the shortage of public educational resources, providing high-quality educational resources, providing schooling opportunities and promoting educational equity. We should have a correct and comprehensive understanding of private education.
Firmly establish Scientific Outlook on Development and coordinate all aspects of the reform of educational system and mechanism.
Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation. In the new historical period, we should firmly establish Scientific Outlook on Development, adhere to the people-oriented principle, pay attention to overall planning and promote the scientific, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of education.
Deepen the educational reform from the perspective of development. The development of education depends on reform. The ultimate goal of deepening education reform is to promote the benign and scientific development of education. This requires us to scientifically formulate and examine the ideas and objectives of educational reform with a developmental perspective. Facing the new era and situation, the idea of educational reform should focus on promoting educational equity, aim at improving the quality of education and the level of running schools, and comprehensively enhance the hard power and soft power of schools. We should not only pay attention to the increase of the number of schools, but also pay attention to the improvement of the quality of education. Quantity? Arrive? Quality? A fundamental change.
In terms of the strategic goal of reform and development, the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10 ~ 2020) puts forward? By 2020, we will basically realize the modernization of education, basically form a learning society and enter the ranks of powerful countries in human resources. Achieve a higher level of universal education, form a fair education that benefits the whole people, provide more abundant quality education, build a complete lifelong education system, and improve a vibrant education system. ?
Insist on people-oriented and deepen education reform. The fundamental goal of deepening education reform is to serve students. Students are the main body of education. We should adhere to the student-oriented principle, respect students' individual characteristics, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and cultivate students' thinking ability, innovative spirit and practical ability. First, vigorously implement quality education, break through the shackles of exam-oriented education, change the mode of lifelong entrance examination, pay attention to quality education, cultivate students' comprehensive ability, and fully develop their intellectual potential according to their personality. Second, vigorously carry out teaching reform, scientifically set up teaching subjects and courses, strengthen students' psychological intervention, improve students' psychological quality, make practical disciplines and classroom teaching disciplines develop in harmony, and form a scientific and reasonable classroom teaching model. Third, attach great importance to students with difficulties and? The study and living conditions of left-behind children, improve the relevant mechanism and funding system, ensure that students with difficulties can successfully complete their studies, and ensure that urban and rural students enjoy equal educational opportunities.
Education reform should fully mobilize the enthusiasm of many parties, among which teachers are important participants. Therefore, in the process of reform, teachers should be closely linked, and teachers' opinions should be carefully listened to in the reform of education and schools. In the process of reform, we should pay attention to the interests of teachers, improve the medical security system of schools, and care about the healthy development of teachers' body and mind; Strengthen the training of teachers' teaching skills, professional knowledge and ability to manage students, and improve teachers' professional quality and management ability; Deepen the reform of the personnel system, establish and improve the teacher evaluation system and salary system, and improve the treatment of teachers; Create a good social fashion of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching, and improve teachers' reputation and status.
Deepen the educational reform and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of education. The all-round development of education is to fully adhere to the party's educational policy, promote the organic integration of moral education, intellectual education, physical education and aesthetic education, and improve students' comprehensive quality. Adhere to moral education first, and unify learning cultural knowledge with strengthening ideological and moral cultivation; Strengthen physical education and teaching, deepen curriculum reform, improve the quality of physical education and enhance students' physique; Strengthen aesthetic education and cultivate students' good aesthetic taste and humanistic quality.
The coordinated development of education is to make all aspects of education and their internal relations develop harmoniously, contact and promote each other. Coordinate the scale, speed, structure and benefit of education, coordinate the development of urban and rural regional education, eastern, central and western regional education, domestic education and international education, and coordinate the development of natural science, technical science and social science. The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated? Optimize the educational structure, promote the balanced development of compulsory education, accelerate the popularization of high school education, vigorously develop vocational education and improve the quality of higher education. Pay attention to preschool education, special education, accelerate the development of continuing education, and support the development of education in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas. ? Among them, the key objects and directions of coordinated development of education are clearly put forward.
The sustainable development of education is to maintain the continuity of educational reform, avoid the ups and downs of reform, and maintain the motivation and tension of reform. It is necessary to unify the current interests and long-term interests, local interests and overall interests of educational reform, so that education can achieve sustainable development while improving people's quality and promoting sustainable economic and social development. ④
Make overall plans and deepen educational reform. In the process of educational reform, we should consider the interests and relations of all parties as a whole, so that the distribution and use of educational resources can conform to the overall goal of educational reform and the long-term development of the country. This requires us to deal with the relationship between current development and long-term development, local interests and overall interests, developed areas and poor remote areas, national management and local management, urban education and rural education, domestic education and international education as a whole; It is necessary to coordinate the relationship between basic education, vocational education, higher education, adult continuing education and private education. We should also properly handle the relationship between natural science, technical science and social science. To handle these relations well, we must make overall plans and take measures according to local conditions.
Education reform is a long-term and arduous task. Only under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, can the educational reform be deepened gradually, and the educational modernization can be basically realized by 2020. (Author: School of Marxism, Liaoning University of Petrochemical Technology)
To annotate ...
① Hu Jintao:? Speech at the national conference on educational work? .
②? Outline of the national medium and long-term education reform and development plan (20 10 ~ 2020)? .
③ ④ Lu Shankun:? Scientific Outlook on Development: A Powerful Driving Force for Education Reform and Opening-up? , "Education? Scientific Research, No.2, 2009.