Based on the special physiological structure of children patients, this paper analyzes the problems that pharmacists should pay special attention to when dispensing drugs in outpatient pharmacy, so as to further ensure the rational use of drugs in pediatrics clinic. [Keywords:] Pediatrics; Rational use of drugs; The assigned children are in the process of growth and development, the functions of various organs, enzyme systems and immune central system are not perfect, and the drug metabolism and excretion rate are different from those of adults, which is more suitable for adults to have adverse reactions [1 ~ 3]. How to guide children to use drugs correctly, improve the safety and effectiveness of drugs and reduce the occurrence of adverse drug reactions is a problem that every pharmacist should consider when formulating prescriptions in outpatient pharmacies. At present, the working mode of hospital pharmacy has changed from the traditional "ensuring drug supply" to the "patient-centered" pharmaceutical technical service mode, and from passive service to active service [4, 5]. As the window of the hospital, outpatient pharmacy is the link between doctors and patients, and it is also an important position to directly face patients. Prescription dispensing through the window can make patients get correct medication guidance in a short time, thus making drug treatment more effective and embodying the value of pharmacists. Aiming at the special group of children, this paper summarizes the problems that patients should pay attention to when dispensing drugs in outpatient pharmacy. 1 How to use drugs 1. 1 Guide patients to use drugs correctly. Some drugs such as sodium crotonate eye drops can be administered through nasal cavity to treat allergic rhinitis. Smecta used to treat diarrhea can be directly applied to the oral cavity to treat ulcers. The special administration methods of these drugs need to be clearly stated in the preparation to help patients use drugs correctly. 1.2 Use of suspension drugs Some suspension drugs, such as Merrill Lynch for oral use and calamine glycoside lotion for external use, should be told to "shake well before use" when preparing the formula, so as to maximize the effectiveness of the active ingredients. 1.3 The correct function of antipyretics Most of the drugs used to reduce fever in children are liquid drops, such as children's Baifuning drops and Tylenol, which are convenient for infants to take, but many families of children mistakenly believe that the drops are used for nasal cavity, so pharmacists must explain to the families of children that the drops can only be taken orally to avoid unnecessary harm; When using antipyretic and analgesic drugs to reduce fever, it is not enough to simply tell the families of children that they should take them when their children have a high fever. Many family members don't know how much it is called "high fever". It is easy to take when they have a fever, and fever itself is a manifestation of the body's defense function. Therefore, pharmacists should clearly explain to their families that "it is only necessary to take the medicine when the body temperature is above 38.5℃", and tell their families the interval between two medications and the maximum number of times to avoid repeated medication in a short time because they are eager to reduce fever. 1.4 Some children's family members with different names of the same drug will register for internal medicine and surgery at the same time, but now it is more and more common that the same drug has different names, such as antibiotics such as Aikel, Ken, Anqi, Junerqing, etc., whose active ingredient is amoxicillin+potassium clavulanate; Icahn, Valdifo and betulin are all vitamin AD pills. In this case, it is easy to cause repeated medication. Pharmacists should explain to parents that they can't take the same drugs at the same time, or ask doctors to stop using the same drugs, so as to avoid repeated medication or overdose endangering the life safety of children and causing unnecessary economic losses. 1.5 microecological agents, such as Jin Shuangqi, Mamiai, Peifeikang, etc., should not be combined with antibiotics, otherwise the activity of these drugs will be reduced or inactivated, thus reducing the curative effect; Similarly, high temperature is not conducive to the survival of bacteria, so special attention should be paid to children's families when preparing such drugs. Water or milk below 40℃ should be taken with antibiotics, and the time interval should be greater than 1 h. 1.6. Some drugs with special dosage forms, such as debarkin controlled-release tablets, can be slowly released and absorbed, which can continuously control the drug release rate, reduce the times of administration and ensure the stable drug concentration. This special tablet should not be chewed or broken and taken in batches, otherwise it will destroy the function of the dosage form and reduce the efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to remind the children's families that if the child's swallowing ability is not strong, please switch to Debarkin syrup or other similar drugs to avoid using tablets. 2 Dosage of drugs Most of the children's family members are non-professionals and have certain limitations in medical knowledge. Therefore, pharmacists should try to avoid using technical terms when explaining dosage, such as drug specifications: grams, milligrams and milliliters. How many tablets, packages or cubes are there in the measuring cup? Explain them directly to make it easier for the children's families to understand [6]. At present, there is an obvious lack of drug dosage forms suitable for children, especially infants, especially in recent years, adult diseases are younger, such as diabetes, hypertension, nephropathy and so on. Most drugs used to treat these diseases are suitable for adults. Pharmacists need to explain the dosage and usage clearly when dispensing drugs, so as to avoid incorrect dosage affecting the curative effect of drugs and causing toxicity.