Paper format cover papers often refer to articles used to conduct scientific research and describe scientific research results. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers, etc. , collectively referred to as the paper [1]. The paper format refers to the stylistic requirements and writing standards when writing a paper. Intuitively speaking, the paper format means that the paper meets the standard style and content requirements that can be made public.
structure
A paper generally consists of title, author, abstract, keywords, text, references and appendices, some of which (such as appendices) are dispensable. The order of the thesis is: title, author, abstract, keywords, English title, English abstract, English keywords, text, references, appendix and acknowledgements [2].
subject
1. Title Description
The title should be concise, specific and accurate, which can summarize the specific content of the paper, help to select keywords, and conform to the relevant principles of compiling title catalogue, indexing and retrieval.
2. Propositional method
Concise and to the point.
3. English title method
(1) English titles mainly appear in the form of phrases, especially noun phrases, that is, titles basically consist of one or several nouns plus their prepositions and/or postattributes; The title of phrase type should determine the head word and then modify it before and after. The order of each word is very important, and improper word order will lead to inaccurate expression.
(2) Generally don't use declarative sentences, because the title mainly plays a marking role, and declarative sentences are easy to make the title judgmental, not refined and not eye-catching. In a few cases (critical, comprehensive and refuting), the question can be used as the title, because the question has an exploratory tone and is easy to arouse the reader's interest.
The English title and Chinese title of the same paper should be consistent in content, but it does not mean that the words should correspond to each other. In many cases, individual non-material words can be omitted or changed.
④ Foreign sci-tech journals generally have restrictions on the number of words in titles, and some stipulate that titles should not exceed 2 lines, and each line should not exceed 42 printed symbols and spaces; Some require that the title should not exceed 14 words. These regulations can be used for our reference.
⑤ In the English title of the paper. Anything that can or can't be used is not used.
Question 2: What is the theoretical background of social enterprises? One is the transformation of the welfare system, that is, social enterprises have reformed the welfare system in Europe in various ways of redistribution;
Second, creating jobs, especially social enterprises with work integration mechanism, has the most obvious contribution to the field of community pension services;
Third, the creation of social cohesion and social capital;
Fourth, local development, social enterprises have created a stable labor market and created new employment opportunities for the community in the future;
Fifth, the vitality of the third sector. Social enterprises are different from social economy and the third sector.
Department, with both market and * * * mechanism, is a new breakthrough in the third sector.
I hope to adopt my answer.
Question 3: What is the theoretical background of fairness theory? Based on cognitive dissonance theory, Adams, a professor of psychology at Ducarolina University in the United States, elaborated the fairness theory in 1960s in his works, such as The Relationship between Workers' Inner Conflicts about Wage Unfair and Their Productivity (co-authored with rosenbaum), The Impact of Wage Unfair on Work Quality (co-authored with Jacobson), and Unfair in Social Exchange, etc. The theory of fairness was first put forward. Adams' fairness theory focuses on the study of the influence of the rationality and fairness of wages and salaries on individual work enthusiasm. Here, the theory is deeply and meticulously analyzed.
Refer to zhidao.baidu/...qWyYm_
Hope to adopt, thank you.
Question 4: What is the background of the theoretical system of socialism? The scientific system and main contents of (1)* * * thought.
The first major theoretical achievement of Marxism in China is the thought of * * *. It is the application and development of Marxism–Leninism in China, the correct theoretical principle and experience summary of China's revolution and construction that has been proved by practice, and the crystallization of China's collective wisdom.
* * * Thought enriches and develops Marxism–Leninism in many aspects with its unique theory and becomes a profound scientific ideological system. It has a solid theoretical foundation of China's Marxist philosophy, and its core is seeking truth from facts. Focusing on the home of China's revolution and construction, it put forward a series of closely related important theoretical viewpoints and became a scientific system. The theoretical viewpoint in this system has been tested by the long-term practice of China's revolution and construction, and proved to be an irrefutable scientific truth.
In the scientific system of * * * thought, there are rich contents: new democratic revolution theory, socialist revolution and socialist construction theory, revolutionary army construction and military strategy theory, policy strategy theory, ideological and political work and cultural work theory, party building theory, international strategy and diplomatic work theory, thinking method and working method theory, etc. * * * The living soul of thought is the position, viewpoint and method that runs through the above theory. They have three basic aspects, namely, seeking truth from facts, the mass line and independence.
Question 5: What is the historical background of psychoanalytic theory? Freud's theory can be divided into two periods. Early theory generally refers to his psychoanalytic theory before 1920. Mainly includes:
① Consciousness and unconsciousness. Freud believed that human psychology can be divided into three parts: consciousness, subconscious and pre-consciousness. Consciousness refers to everything that a person is aware of at present. Subconscious refers to everything that can be transformed into conscious content through memory, although it has not yet been realized. Unconsciousness refers to everything that is suppressed and cannot be recalled to consciousness through memory; This is usually a desire that is not tolerated by social norms.
② Repression and resistance. Some instinctive desires of people are often intolerable by social customs, habits, morality and law. Therefore, there is a fierce struggle between desire and norms, and the desire to accommodate norms is often suppressed. Because the repressed unconscious desire cannot break into the consciousness domain, it is difficult for patients to associate with their privacy, which Freund calls resistance or resistance.
③ General theory. From birth to aging, all a person's behavioral motives have a sexual color and are dominated by sexual instinctive impulses. The emergence of neurosis is the result of sexual instinct impulse being suppressed and unsatisfied. Psychoanalysis theory points out that there is a potential behind sex, which often drives people to pursue * * *. This potential is called libido, also known as sexual power. The development of Hibiduo can be divided into: oral stage, * * * stage, sexual organ stage and reproductive stage.
④ The principle of happiness and the principle of reality. Human behavior is dominated by instinct, but at the same time it is limited by reality. Therefore, human psychology has two systems, each of which is governed by special principles. The first system is governed by the principle of happiness and formed in infancy; The second system is not only governed by the principle of happiness, but also by the principle of reality. It was formed after infancy.
After 1920, Freud began to make some major revisions to his theory. Formed his later theory. Mainly includes:
① Survival instinct and death instinct. Freud believed that although sexual instinct and self instinct have different purposes, they both point to the growth and perfection of life in the end. So he combined them into one, which is called survival instinct. In order to form two poles with the survival instinct, he assumed the death instinct. Death instinct is not to want to die, but to kill. When it appears outside, it becomes the motive force of destruction and conquest, showing the tendency of aggression. However, when the attack on the outside world is frustrated, they often retreat to themselves and become suicidal. This tendency has a wide range of activities, not limited to murder and suicide, but also includes self-condemnation, self-punishment, jealousy among opponents and resistance from authority.
② Psychological structure theory. On the basis of the concept of unconsciousness, he also proposed that human spirit is composed of ID, ego and superego. The most primitive id is innate, an unconscious structural part, composed of innate instinct and basic desire, and connected with the body. The ego is the structural part of consciousness, which is located between the id and the outside. It is different from the id and moves according to the needs of the outside world. The so-called superego is the moralized self. It includes two aspects: on the one hand, it is usually called conscience; On the other hand, it is self-ideal. The main function of superego is to guide self and limit the impulse of id. Under normal circumstances, the ID, ego and superego are in a relatively balanced state. If this balance relationship is destroyed, mental illness will occur. Freud's psychoanalytic theory matured after 1900. He absorbed a group of believers from all over the world, among which A. Adler of Austria and C. G. Jung of Switzerland were the most important, thus forming Freud's psychoanalysis school.
Question 6: What is the background of the formation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's theoretical system? Peace and development are two major themes in today's world; Development is the last word, which is of decisive significance to the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Adhere to both material and spiritual civilization. Development is the top priority of the party in governing and rejuvenating the country; Adhere to the unity of economic and social development and people's all-round development; Correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability. Thoroughly implement the people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable Scientific Outlook on Development; Concentrate on construction and concentrate on development; Adhere to scientific development, harmonious development and peaceful development; Take the road of civilized development of production development, affluent life and good ecology.
The theoretical basis of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's theoretical system is the primary stage of socialism, and China is still in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time. Proceeding from the reality of the primary stage of socialism, we should correctly understand and grasp the staged characteristics of China's development in the new century and new stage. Unswervingly adhere to the basic line of "one center and two basic points" in the primary stage of socialism, and enrich and develop Marxist thoughts on the stage of socialist development.