Model essay on construction project supervision-on construction project supervision
Safety supervision is an important part of construction supervision, an important content of construction project safety management and an effective method to improve the safety management level of construction site. Practice shows that safety supervision can make safety production gradually standardized, programmed and scientific, reduce the degree of construction safety risks, eliminate hidden dangers of accidents and ensure the safety of engineering construction. This paper mainly discusses the safety supervision in construction projects from the perspective of construction units.
Keywords: construction project; Safety supervision; Architecture; standardize
China Library Classification Number: E27 1 Document Identification Number: A
A, the characteristics of construction safety in production
Construction safety in production has the following characteristics: (1) products are fixed and personnel flow. (2) Open-air operation in bad conditions. (3) The structure is huge and it works high above the ground. (4) The quality of the team is uneven, and safety management is difficult to implement. (5) There are many manual operations, great physical consumption, great intensity and arduous labor protection. (6) There are many kinds of products, changeable technologies and complicated construction safety management. (7) The narrow construction site brings the interchange of multiple jobs. The above characteristics of building safety production determine that most of the unsafe hidden dangers in building production exist in high-altitude operation, cross operation, vertical transportation, personal labor protection and the use of electrical equipment, and casualty accidents also occur in high-altitude falling, object hitting, mechanical injury, lifting injury, electric shock, collapse and so on. At the same time, the emergence of new, unique and personalized building products has brought new challenges to the construction of building projects, and also put forward new requirements for the safety management and safety protection technology of building projects.
Second, the status of China's construction safety supervision
At present, in many completed safety supervision work of construction projects, many supervision units focus on the supervision of the quality, progress and investment of engineering construction, but often ignore the safety supervision work. As only one of the quality control management, the relevant supervision units only arrange quality engineers to be responsible for this important work, and do not designate special personnel to be responsible for this important work. As a result, the safety supervision of construction projects is almost ineffective and cannot really play its due role. In recent years, due to the lax safety supervision, violations of rules and regulations are common in construction sites, and illegal operations and illegal command often cause serious casualties and economic losses. This can't help but cause deep reflection of relevant personnel. The main basis of engineering supervision work is the construction project contract and supervision contract. Supervision is mainly to ensure that both parties to the contract fully perform the contract in the process of contract performance under the premise of implementing relevant national laws. Construction project supervision effectively manages investment, construction period and project quality in the process of project construction; And do a good job in the coordination of relevant units. Basically, it can be summarized as "three controls, two tubes and one coordination" [2].
Iii. Effective countermeasures for safety supervision of construction projects
1, fully prepared, and scientifically do the basic work of technology, resources and management.
In the daily management process, the regulatory authorities should not only effectively enrich the safety training of supervisors, but also make overall use of the combination of internal and external training to improve professional ethics, professional quality and technical knowledge training, support and encourage safety supervisors to actively participate in business training and further study, realize scientific and orderly certificates, and strengthen comprehensive professional quality. At the same time, when the supervision unit enters the site to perform the supervision function, it is necessary to make scientific preparations related to safety supervision from multiple angles, that is, first, the chief supervision engineer organizes supervisors to determine the overall scope and specific work content of the construction project and rationally allocate functional posts. At the same time, according to the relevant provisions of safety production, organize personnel to carefully and comprehensively compile the detailed rules for the implementation of supervision management for the sub-projects with high risks, and comprehensively supervise and guarantee the safety construction technology of construction projects through supervision measures, methods and control elements. For the demonstration and approval of supervision safety planning and high-risk project scheme, the on-site supervision unit should scientifically do a good job of filing, comprehensively and timely summarize the innovative technology and successful management experience contained in it, do a good job of promotion, and call on all supervision personnel to actively study and learn from it comprehensively. For large-scale special construction projects, we should organize a regular meeting with the on-site project leader and supervision engineer once a month, strengthen the on-site interaction between the supervision unit and the construction unit, summarize the deviation phenomenon and experience and lessons in the process of safety supervision, comprehensively integrate personal advantages, and continuously improve the quality and professional skills of supervisors, thus effectively improving the level of safety supervision.
2. Scientifically analyze and verify the sources of potential safety hazards and implement prevention and control.
Based on the unique characteristics of construction engineering, including the fluidity of production and the fixity of construction products, it will have a special and complex impact on workers' health and safety. The stage characteristics of production products determine that safety production management should be carried out continuously, and the diversified characteristics of engineering products determine their targeted requirements for relevant safety management measures. Based on the above characteristics, the construction industry has become an accident-prone and high-risk industry, keeping pace with hazardous chemicals and mine production. Therefore, supervision should be properly incorporated into the management and monitoring of construction safety production, scientifically analyze the safety hazards of construction projects, and implement effective prevention and control measures. Generally speaking, most of the hazards come from the incomplete and meticulous survey and design stage of the previous construction, which contains many material conditions that do not meet the scientific standards, such as material resources, human resources, environmental factors, etc. These material conditions generally exist in the construction site and surrounding areas of construction projects. From the specific level, the effective methods of hazard identification in construction project safety supervision stage include on-site investigation, preparation of safety checklist, operability and risk research. In the field investigation stage, safety supervision personnel should reasonably obtain valuable information through in-depth field observation, conversation and inquiry, and access to records, and scientifically deal with related hazards after detailed research. According to the supervision experience accumulated for many years, the relevant safety checklist should be scientifically compiled, and targeted safety inspections should be carried out on construction workers and site conditions to reasonably identify possible hazards [3]. At the same time, supervisors should effectively control and strictly examine the hazards contained in the construction technology of construction projects, and explore deviations and identify potential hazards through guiding statements and standard formats. When applying other types of analysis event tree, work task and fault tree hazard identification methods, we should comprehensively apply them according to their scope of application and related limitations, comprehensively improve the level of refinement and accuracy of analysis results, and effectively curb the occurrence of various construction safety accidents.
3. Resolutely deal with emergencies that affect the safety of the construction site.
During the inspection, the supervision engineer shall require the construction unit to rectify the construction procedures that do not meet the safety technical specifications and standards, and the accidents that violate the mandatory standards and relevant safety regulations and endanger the personal safety of the operators. The construction unit shall be immediately required to stop using the building materials, building components and construction machinery and equipment that endanger the safety of the building structure; If a major safety accident is found, the construction unit shall be immediately required to suspend the construction, and the construction unit shall take effective measures to eliminate the major safety accident, and can continue the construction only after the supervision engineer confirms that it meets the requirements [4]. For major safety accidents, if the construction unit refuses to carry out the supervision instruction of shutdown or rectification, the supervision unit shall immediately report to the construction unit or the construction administrative department. Telephone report, there should be a call record, and timely supplement the written report. Inspection, rectification, review and report shall be recorded in the supervision log and monthly supervision report.
conclusion
Effective supervision of construction engineering safety is an important working system to reduce the accident rate, create a safe production environment and ensure the personal, property and life safety of construction workers. Based on the importance of supervision work, only by making full preparations, consolidating the basic construction work, perfecting the construction of rules and regulations, implementing safety supervision work, scientifically analyzing and identifying safety hazards, implementing effective prevention and control, comprehensive management, multi-channel fortification, and comprehensively supervising the construction site, can the execution, standardization, guidance and advancement of safety supervision work be effectively guaranteed, so as to comprehensively improve the comprehensive quality of construction projects and create rich economic and social benefits.