Positive psychology is a psychological trend of thought that rose in the United States at the end of the 20th century. It is a science devoted to the study of human strength and virtue. More and more psychologists began to set foot in this research field, and gradually formed a positive psychological movement.

Positive psychology is devoted to the study of human development potential and virtue. Advocacy can give full play to human potential. Focusing on people's own positive factors, the study advocates that psychology should take people's potential constructive strength and virtue as the starting point, interpret people's psychological phenomena and problems with a positive attitude, and stimulate people's own internal positive strength and excellent quality. Positive psychology emphasizes that education is not only for students to correct mistakes, transform problems and overcome shortcomings, but also to explore and study students' various positive qualities (including explicit and potential), and to expand and cultivate these positive qualities in practice.

Two, combined with their own work practice, talk about their application of positive psychology in the work of class teachers.

First of all, teachers should have an optimistic and positive attitude. As a special group, teachers' healthy mentality is not only beneficial to their own physical health, but also conducive to improving work efficiency, teachers' professional development and students' mental health development. As school educators, teachers' behavior and mentality are very important to students' ideological and moral education. Teachers get along with students in school day and night, and teachers' words and deeds and mental state have a direct impact on students. The head teacher's psychological state and optimistic mood will drive the students in the class to be infected, which is conducive to creating a relaxed and harmonious psychological environment, allowing students to study in a happy and relaxed atmosphere and promoting them to face life positively. Teachers' positive emotions in education and teaching can help students maintain a happy learning mood and promote communication between teachers and students, thus achieving good education and teaching results.

Secondly, apply positive psychology in class management to cultivate students' good psychological quality.

1, efforts should be made to create a harmonious educational atmosphere in the class. Harmonious educational atmosphere includes correct class public opinion orientation, clear goals, dynamic competition mechanism and strong class leadership core. As a class teacher, we should do everything possible to create a harmonious educational atmosphere in class collective construction and create a good environment for students' growth.

2. Give full play to students' initiative and create a positive class cultural environment.

Positive psychology adheres to the viewpoint of human nature that human nature is good, and believes that every student has good wishes and positive strength. Positive mental health education is to explore students' potential strength and self-education ability. Therefore, the head teacher should firmly believe in the students' self-education ability, know how to let go, give full play to the students' initiative and jointly manage the class. For example, the daily hygiene work in the class is neither too big nor too small. In this work, some class teachers are good at mobilizing students' enthusiasm. They give students a "promotion", such as the window director who is responsible for cleaning the windows every day, the door director who is responsible for cleaning the doors every day, and the podium director who is responsible for cleaning the podium every day ... They are also engaged in hygiene, but they have different ways of thinking and completely different effects. With another title, students may become passive and active, and they will feel honored when they are on duty. Teachers make full use of positive incentives to enable students to gain positive emotional experience of responsibility, obligation, achievement and honor.

3. Making full use of classes and team classes to carry out systematic positive mental health education is the main position to carry out positive mental health education. The head teacher should use positive psychology to solve the sexual problems observed in the class at ordinary times. Group counseling is a good method.

According to the characteristics of students' psychological development and the actual situation of the class, we can plan a series of theme classes and team classes, such as cultivating good study habits, learning motivation, interest, creativity, positive self-awareness and subjective well-being. The implementation of class and team class is the key to cultivate students' positive psychological quality, but the theme of each class and team class is not determined casually, but designed according to the problems existing in this class. For example, some students in the class have problems in interpersonal communication, and the class teacher should focus on designing some activities to enhance social skills to help students improve their skills. If students are not interested in learning a subject, the class teacher can hold a forum to bring teachers and students together to discuss how to cultivate their interest in learning. This not only solves the problems existing in this course, but also cultivates students' ability.

Finally, the practice of using positive psychology to solve problems in work.

1, set an example to determine the direction for the development of students' positive psychological quality. There are naughty students in every class, and there are small problems that make teachers have a headache. For such students, most teachers are either bitter or critical, but to no avail. I think such students have a poor sense of right and wrong and don't know what to do well and what not to do well. Grasping this feature, I set an example in my class, so that students can have a clear learning object and list titles widely, such as "learning model", "star of discipline", "star of civilization and etiquette" and "small expert in labor". Through edification, students' sense of honor can be stimulated, their initiative can be mobilized and their bad habits can be changed.

2. Enlarge advantages and stimulate students' optimistic and confident psychological quality. There are many advantages of students, some of which are particularly obvious and some are not obvious. This undoubtedly requires the class teacher to carefully observe and prevent the advantages of students from slipping away from their own vision. Found the advantages of students, even a little bud, as a class teacher should carefully protect and cultivate, do everything possible to enlarge these advantages. For example, in the "advantage bombing" activity in our class, two students are selected every week to let other students find out their advantages and learn from them. Once, I signed up for Fang Bowen's class. He told me that he had no advantages, and then the students couldn't find out his advantages. What a pity! I seized the opportunity to say to him, "You have an advantage. The teacher saw you. You are honest, don't haggle over every ounce, observe discipline in class, and do things seriously and responsibly. You just didn't find so many advantages yourself. " He nodded his head. These advantages are often difficult for students to find, so I gave him advice. In this week's time, let him do more good deeds, speak actively in class, write better homework, and guide him to externalize his advantages, which greatly enhances students' self-confidence and cultivates optimistic psychological quality.

3. Learn to be tolerant and treat students' mistakes with appreciation. It is human nature to make mistakes. As a class teacher, we should have a tolerant heart, treat students' mistakes and bad behaviors, help them analyze the reasons, positively guide their behavior changes, and teach them the correct methods. It is common for students not to finish their homework in class. There are two ways to educate such students: one is criticism, reprimand and punishment, and the other is tolerance, understanding and help. What kind of education works well? Through my practice, I found that the latter is obviously superior to the former, and the latter is easy to promote students to form good habits. Yang and Guo are typical examples of our class not finishing homework. I used to criticize them blindly as soon as I found out that they hadn't finished their homework: "You only know how to play. Why don't you do your homework and go to school when you are greedy? " Then punish them to rewrite it several times. As a result, the student had resistance to the teacher, who made him unwilling to do anything. After contact with positive psychology, I reflected on myself and changed the way of education. I first asked them why they didn't do their homework, then lowered their expectations and asked them to write their homework twice. They really finished it. I see a glimmer of light here, and I further encourage them to give guidance on their homework, such as "You are really capable after writing", "You can write better" and "rated as a star-rated homework", so that they can gradually form a good habit of consciously completing their homework. Now, with my encouragement, these two students can finish all my Chinese homework. Why not?

The above is my personal experience, which is superficial and I hope it will help everyone. Positive psychology pursues the inherent idea that human beings get a happy life, which provides us with a brand-new perspective and dimension to understand and grasp human beings themselves. The introduction of positive psychology theory into the work of class teachers plays a positive role in improving the class management level of class teachers and cultivating students' positive attitude, which is worth further exploration and practice in future education.

The second part: the application of positive psychology in the work of class teachers in secondary vocational schools-the working art of class teachers.

Application of positive psychology in the work of class teachers in secondary vocational schools

At present, there have been many studies on the application of psychological knowledge in class management, and many class teachers have practiced it. However, among the research objects, there are not many students who pay attention to secondary vocational schools; In terms of research content, many studies pay attention to morbid psychology and behavior problems, but pay less attention to the positive psychology of secondary vocational school students.

As a result, many people in the society, even the class teachers in secondary vocational schools, have a misunderstanding of the students in secondary vocational schools and have a low sense of identity. Some teachers even think that students in secondary vocational schools are a group of "juvenile delinquents", and some class teachers say that they are class teachers in secondary vocational schools. Effective class management means that girls don't "live" and boys don't "die". This extreme thought leads to the stagnation of student management in secondary vocational schools, which leads to secondary vocational school education paying attention to students' general psychological problems and amplifying students' psychological and behavioral problems. Class management in secondary vocational schools stays at the low stage of "managing" students. Therefore, to change this state, the head teacher should learn to use positive psychology to manage the class and educate the students, which can achieve unexpected results and improve the effectiveness and professionalism of the head teacher's work.

The formation of positive psychology as a research field is marked by the paper "Introduction to Positive Psychology" published by Seligman and Csikzentmihalyi in June 2000. It adopts scientific principles and methods to study happiness, advocates the positive orientation of psychology, studies people's positive psychological quality and pays attention to people's health, happiness and harmonious development.

Therefore, class teachers in secondary vocational schools should use positive psychology to manage classes with an open mind, accept students, appreciate them, believe in their potential, discover their potential, and help them explore and show their potential. So as to cultivate students' self-confidence and happiness and promote the harmonious development of the class.

First, the class teacher should cultivate the emotion of secondary vocational school students with healthy personality.

American sociologist C.W.Mills put forward the psychological concept of "important others", which refers to a specific person who has an important influence in the process of individual socialization and psychological personality formation. The important others of secondary vocational students may be elders, relatives, friends and teachers. However, as the head teacher of secondary vocational school students, if he can become an "important person" of students, then the management of this class will be more successful. Therefore, a positive head teacher can provide students with demonstrations and role models, cultivate students' emotions, and influence students subtly, with twice the result with half the effort. After many people's research, the class teachers that secondary vocational students like are: teachers with unique skills and admirable professional ability; A teacher with personality and charm; Teachers who speak the same language and can understand students. But what we are more certain is that the class teacher must first have love, which can stimulate students' emotions; Secondly, we should have wisdom, which can convince students; Thirdly, it is necessary to have the ability to make students admire.

Second, the class teacher should look at the problems of secondary vocational school students from a positive perspective.

Influenced by many reasons, secondary vocational school students have many bad behaviors, such as weariness of learning, smoking, impulsiveness, rage, interpersonal conflicts and so on, which are objective. But the head teacher should first use positive psychology to guide his own thoughts and learn to look at the problem from another angle. As secondary vocational students, they are also eager for happiness, recognition, progress, learning skills and growth. They have the same positive potential. The head teacher should cultivate students' healthy personality from a positive perspective and promote the harmonious development of society.

The "expectation effect" tells us that the class teacher can treat students with a positive eye, treat students as developing people, praise and appreciate them more, trust and encourage them more, and expect from them, so that students can become confident, enhance their self-worth and generate positive motivation. In my class, I also use expectation effect to manage the class. For example, I call the class "the star of the future", and the goal of class construction is "warmth, enterprising and harmony". Often carry out the activities of "praising classmates and teachers", find the advantages of each student in the class at any time, and "put a good label" in time. Thanks to the encouragement and trust of the class teacher, the initiative and enthusiasm of the class students have been continuously improved.

Third, the class teacher should solve the students' problems with a scientific attitude.

Secondary vocational school students are a special group, because they are in adolescence, emotional impulse, learning fatigue, self-centeredness and other problems, which objectively lead to students' behavior problems. Therefore, as class teachers in secondary vocational schools, we should be optimistic about these problems in the process of students' growth. Solve students' problems with a positive attitude and scientific methods.

(A) optimistic about students' behavior problems and take effective measures to solve them.

Students in secondary vocational schools are prone to behavioral conflicts due to emotional impulses, such as fighting, campus violence, and bad interpersonal relationships. The head teacher should be rational, actively look for clever methods and treat students as developing people. Peer counseling, pairing help, and finding excellent classmates to help secretly can be done. Because secondary vocational school students are more susceptible to peer influence. Prevent students from "blaming the blame" when an accident happens, thus affecting the judgment and thinking ability of the class teacher. Students' behavior problems are caused by their age and psychological characteristics. The head teacher should relax, learn lessons and deal with them actively and effectively, so that students can smoothly transition to adolescence, and such a head teacher can also manage the class calmly and happily.

(2) calmly analyze students' learning problems and stimulate students' interest in learning.

A considerable number of secondary vocational school students have bad study habits, which are manifested as learning incompetence. But from another point of view, the class teacher's practical ability, expressive ability and activity ability are not bad. Therefore, we should actively think about ways to stimulate students' interest in learning and guide them to learn. For example, practice method, flip classroom method and online education teaching method. Of course, the development of new teaching methods depends on the active and open learning attitude of the class teacher. The class teacher is open and active, so is the class.

(3) Strive to build a bridge of joint efforts to educate people and promote the all-round development of students.

The head teacher should scientifically analyze the students' problems and find the key to solve them. We should take the initiative to build an overpass of "educating people together". Some class teachers treat students' problems negatively and even blame their families, schools and society, which are useless. Only by actively exploring, actively building and educating people together can we promote the all-round development of students.

Four, the class teacher should use positive methods to cultivate the ability of secondary vocational students.

(A) to carry out democratic management of classes, improve students' enthusiasm.

It is an effective way for the class teacher to stimulate students' enthusiasm to participate in the classroom and implement class democratic management. There are two ways of class democratic management: one is to solve some class problems through consultation; For example, let students make class rules, class goals, and discuss various things in class. Second, all students in the class have the obligation and right to manage the class. For example, students can give suggestions to class teachers, class cadres or anyone, and improve them after investigation and research by the class Committee; Another example is the class collective evaluation. Each student can write self-recommendation materials, combined with the scores of comprehensive performance and the opinions discussed. In class management, fairness, openness and justice are the main methods of democratic management, which can improve students' enthusiasm in class. So as to achieve better self-management and give full play to students' specialties.

(B) from the "heart" to stimulate the potential of students.

Positive psychology advocates trust, respect for students and equality, harmony and mutual respect between teachers and students. Follow the concept of "teachers and students grow together and enjoy happiness". Therefore, the head teacher should understand the psychological characteristics of students in secondary vocational schools and start class activities to stimulate students' potential from their "hearts". If students in secondary vocational schools have strong hands-on ability, they can carry out more experiential activities or carry out various professional skills and life skills competitions; Students in secondary vocational schools have strong activity ability. We can use "wake-up education and activity education" to ignite the passion of secondary vocational school students, improve students' sense of cooperation and responsibility through group activities, enhance students' understanding of others and promote interpersonal harmony in group activities. In addition, secondary vocational school students' active thinking can also give full play to their subjective consciousness and teach them to explore their own methods through discussion, performance, narration and self-reflection. Secondary vocational school students have clear career goals, so they can attach importance to practical ways to cultivate students' quality, such as developing extracurricular activities to cultivate students' self-confidence and self-improvement ability, allowing students to participate in social practice and enterprise practice to cultivate students' professional quality and professional ethics. Under the guidance of positive psychological education, students can gain a successful experience, thus stimulating their potential.

(3) Pay attention to students' "advantages" and build a display platform.

Positive psychology advocates "positive concern" and pays attention to students' positive aspects. Every student is like a flower, with different seasons and flowering periods. Classes are like fertilizer for students to grow up. Therefore, the head teacher should pay attention to the advantages of each student, provide her with nutrients and let her bloom brilliantly. For example, establishing interest groups according to students' specialties and interests can not only give full play to students' specialties, but also cultivate a sense of cooperation; Regularly explore various role models among students and share their stories, such as filial piety and respect for the elderly; An example of diligent study; A versatile example, an example of helping others, an example of sunshine and health. We should also believe that students can do a lot of things well, leave the transactional things to students to complete, and let the class teacher set aside more time to think and study. Promote the cooperation and promotion between class teachers and students. In the class where the head teacher dares to let go, we often see that students are more independent, willing and capable. In this way, students will be more confident, more active and happier in their work and speeches.

Part III: Positive psychology and its application in educational practice.

Positive psychology and its application in educational practice

Words: 2449 Source: Arts and Sciences Navigation 20 15, Issue 6

Font: large, medium and small print pages.

In order to help students grow up healthily in the process of completing heavy studies, it is necessary to set up corresponding psychology courses in schools to meet the growth needs of students. The full combination of positive psychology theory and educational activities can not only cultivate students' positive psychological quality, but also enable students to experience the subjective well-being brought by positive emotions in their daily study and life, and at the same time effectively help students to establish a healthy cognitive system, improve their interpersonal skills, and cultivate and develop various comprehensive skills and qualities. In view of this situation, this paper will introduce positive psychology and its application in educational practice in detail.

Positive psychology; Educational practice; Application mode

As the latest psychological research method, positive psychology mainly aims at cultivating positive personality characteristics, positive values and positive physical health. In teaching activities, teachers should give positive value orientation guidance according to the development characteristics of students' stages, guide students to look at things with positive eyes, overcome shortcomings, correctly solve psychological problems, create a positive learning and living atmosphere, and improve classroom teaching effect.

First, the connotation of positive psychology

Positive psychology is a brand-new theory put forward by many social scientists headed by American psychologist seligman. Compared with previous psychology, positive psychology pays more attention to people's positive qualities, such as moral literacy and social responsibility, and studies people's positive emotional perception, positive cognitive process and positive personality characteristics. Different from the previous research on mental diseases and obstacles, it focuses on mental health and positive mental state, and it is a science aimed at promoting the mutual development of individuals, groups and society in an all-round way and tends to be perfect.

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Second, the application of positive psychology in educational practice

1. Cultivate students' positive attitude and give full play to their individual advantages.

Napoleon Hill, a world-famous successful scientist, once said that "a positive attitude determines a person's life". A positive attitude mainly refers to self-confidence, enterprising, honesty, innovation, humility, self-adjustment and ability to resist pressure. In today's society, with the continuous promotion of exam-oriented education, parents have a mentality of "looking forward to their children's success, looking forward to their women's success", which indirectly leads to greater pressure on students' further studies and employment. At the same time, due to the existence of study pressure, many students' personality advantages are oppressed. Therefore, we must face up to students' mental health problems, and in the process of teaching theoretical knowledge, we must also pay attention to cultivating students' positive mentality. For example, in the teaching process, psychology courses can be specially set up. In the course of psychology, teachers convey some positive and optimistic information to students, and briefly tell students the stories of "Zhang Haidi" and "Helen Keller", telling students not to be afraid of failure no matter what difficulties they face. Only by facing life positively can they grow into talents needed by society.

2. Strengthen skills training to improve psychological resilience.

Although the current mental health education courses and psychological quality development activities all attach importance to cultivating students' ability to cope with emergencies and actively handle things, the investment in students' positive emotional experience is far from the corresponding requirements, especially in psychological training activities, which often ignores students' emotions and experiences. You know, positive emotional experience can greatly increase people's satisfaction, and the increase of satisfaction will improve people's enthusiasm and activity. For students, stimulating their positive emotional experience can not only improve the corresponding quality of education and teaching, enrich scientific and cultural knowledge, but also promote the cultivation and improvement of their positive personality and sharpen their attitude towards life when facing difficulties. In this materialistic and stressful society, only with a strong heart and a positive attitude can we continue to fight against the truest self without being affected by negative factors. For example, in the teaching process, teachers majoring in psychology can be specially arranged to train students' psychological adjustment skills, teach students how to adjust their emotions, relieve stress and meet future challenges with a positive attitude.

3. Use positive psychology to cultivate positive moral personality.

Positive moral personality refers to people's positive attitude when they pursue a certain moral principle. In order to cultivate positive moral personality, we need to implement positive psychology, because the formation of positive moral personality can not be separated from positive psychology. To cultivate students' positive moral personality, it is necessary to instill their own dignity and value in students, and ask them to consciously fulfill their moral responsibilities and continue to live and study according to moral norms; Secondly, correct students' distorted moral values, because the materialistic society makes some students' moral values begin to be distorted or even deformed. Therefore, we must use positive psychology to correct students' moral values, but it is not enough to teach students only theoretical knowledge, so we must use situations to make students think in other's shoes. Finally, enhance students' moral judgment. In order not to get lost and make mistakes again, it is necessary to enhance students' moral judgment. Therefore, it is necessary to instill correct moral standards in students, and to discuss and explore common moral problems of students in order to solve their moral confusion.

4. Teachers and students should work together to improve the teaching effect of positive psychology.

Positive psychological value orientation can fully tap the resources of mental health education and urge teachers and students to work together to build a harmonious campus. Teachers, students and even parents are the main participants and indispensable objects of positive mental health education. Through correct guidance, they can give full play to their potential and role and form the most effective resources. According to Seyrig Mann and others, mental health is everyone's innate ability. No matter how obvious the difference between individual psychological state and socialization degree is, the ability to construct mental health is shared by every teenager. Therefore, flexible mastery of positive psychology can integrate the mental health education resources of schools, families and even society, so that the education students receive can better meet the development needs of society and people.

To sum up, positive psychology is the guiding light for human beings to pursue a happy life and a harmonious life. It can not only alert people at all times, but also guide people to the right path and provide people with a broader perspective and dimension. Therefore, it is urgent to introduce positive psychology into classroom teaching.

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