(199765438+February 2 1 issued by the Ministry of Water Resources)

Chapter I General Principles

Article 1 In order to strengthen the quality management of water conservancy projects and ensure the quality of projects, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Outline of Quality Revitalization of the State Council (1996-2010) and relevant regulations.

Article 2 All units (including project legal persons (construction units), supervision, design and construction units) or individuals engaged in water conservancy construction activities within the territory of People's Republic of China (PRC) must abide by these Provisions.

Article 3 The term "water conservancy projects" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to various water conservancy projects (including supporting and ancillary projects) such as flood control, drainage, hydropower generation, water supply and reclamation, which are constructed by state investment, central and local joint ventures, local investments and other investment methods.

Article 4 The term "quality of water conservancy projects" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the comprehensive requirements for the safety, applicability, economy and aesthetics of water conservancy projects in the current relevant laws, regulations, technical standards, approved design documents and engineering contracts of the state and the water conservancy industry.

Article 5 The Ministry of Water Resources shall be responsible for the quality management of water conservancy projects throughout the country. Entrusted by the Ministry of Water Resources, the river basin agencies are responsible for the quality management of water conservancy projects under their jurisdiction, and guide the quality management of local water administrative departments. The water administrative departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the quality management of water conservancy projects within their respective administrative areas.

Article 6 The quality of water conservancy projects shall be governed by a quality management system in which the project legal person (the construction unit) is responsible, the supervision unit is responsible, the construction unit guarantees and the government supervises. The project legal person (construction unit) shall be fully responsible for the quality of water conservancy projects. Supervision, construction and design units shall be responsible for their own work in accordance with the contract and relevant regulations. Quality supervision institutions perform the supervision functions of government departments and do not replace the quality management of project legal persons (construction units), supervision, design and construction units. water conservancy project

All construction parties have the responsibility and right to report engineering quality problems to relevant departments and quality supervision institutions.

Seventh water conservancy project legal person (construction unit), supervision, design, construction and other units responsible for the quality of their own leadership responsibility. The project leaders of each unit on the project site are directly responsible for the quality work of each unit on the project site. The technical leaders of each unit are responsible for the quality work. The specific staff is the person directly responsible.

Eighth water conservancy project construction units should actively implement total quality management, adopt advanced quality management mode and management means, popularize advanced science and technology and construction technology, rely on scientific and technological progress and strengthen management, and strive to create high-quality projects and continuously improve the quality of projects.

The water administrative departments at all levels shall reward the units and individuals that have made contributions to improving the quality of the project.

Article 9 Water conservancy project construction units should strengthen quality legal education, enhance the concept of quality legal system, take improving the quality of employees as an important link to improve quality, strengthen the education of quality awareness and quality management knowledge of managers and employees, establish and improve the incentive mechanism of quality management, and actively carry out mass quality management and rational suggestions.

Chapter II Supervision and Management of Engineering Quality

Article 10 The government implements the quality supervision system for water conservancy projects. Water conservancy projects shall be supervised by quality supervision institutions authorized by the corresponding water administrative departments in accordance with the principle of hierarchical management.

Eleventh water conservancy project quality supervision institutions must be established in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Ministry of Water Resources, and can undertake the quality supervision of water conservancy projects only after passing the qualification examination of the water administrative department at or above the provincial level. Water conservancy project quality supervision institutions at all levels must establish and improve the working mechanism of quality supervision, improve the means of supervision and enhance the authority and effectiveness of quality supervision. Water conservancy project quality supervision institutions at all levels should strengthen the inspection of the implementation of the relevant quality laws, regulations and norms of the state and the Ministry of Water Resources, and resolutely investigate and deal with illegal, lax law enforcement, illegal and abuse of power for personal gain.

Twelfth water conservancy project quality supervision institutions of the Ministry of Water Resources shall be responsible for the unified planning, management and qualification examination of river basin institutions, provincial water conservancy project quality supervision institutions and water conservancy project quality inspection units. The water conservancy project quality supervision institutions established by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are responsible for the unified planning management and qualification examination of water conservancy project quality supervision institutions and water conservancy project quality inspection units below the provincial level within their respective administrative areas.

Thirteenth water conservancy project quality supervision institutions are responsible for supervising the design, supervision and construction units to engage in water conservancy project construction quality work within the scope permitted by their qualification grades; Responsible for checking and urging the construction, supervision, design and construction units to establish and improve the quality system. Water conservancy project quality supervision institutions, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations, technical standards and design documents of the state and water conservancy project construction, implement project quality supervision, and supervise and inspect the behaviors that affect the project quality at the construction site.

Fourteenth water conservancy project quality supervision shall be carried out by spot check, and legal and administrative means shall be used to do a good job in supervision and spot check. When the project is completed and accepted, the quality supervision institution shall verify the quality grade of the project. Without the quality acceptance or unqualified project, the construction unit shall not apply for construction, the competent department of engineering shall not accept it, and the project shall not be put into use.

Fifteenth according to the needs, the quality supervision institutions may entrust the inspection units that have passed the metrological certification to conduct sampling inspection on the relevant parts of water conservancy projects and the building materials and engineering equipment adopted. The data issued by the water conservancy project quality inspection institution recognized by the water conservancy project quality supervision institution of the Ministry of Water Resources is the national data.

Final inspection of water conservancy system. The test data issued by the water conservancy project quality inspection institution recognized by the provincial water conservancy project quality supervision institution is the highest test of the water conservancy system in this administrative area.

Chapter III Quality Management of Project Legal Person (Construction Unit)

Sixteenth project legal person (construction unit) should be established in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the Ministry of Water Resources, and take the initiative to accept the supervision and inspection of the quality system of water conservancy projects.

Seventeenth project legal person (construction unit) should be based on the scale and characteristics of the project, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Ministry of Water Resources, through qualification examination and bidding to select survey, design, construction and supervision units and implement contract management. He zai

In the same document, there must be engineering quality clauses, which stipulate the quality standards of drawings, materials, projects, materials and equipment and the quality responsibilities of both parties to the contract.

Eighteenth project legal person (construction unit) should strengthen the project quality management, establish and improve the project quality inspection system, and establish quality management institutions and quality management systems according to the characteristics of the project.

Nineteenth project legal person (construction unit) shall, before the project starts, go through the project quality supervision procedures with the water conservancy project quality supervision institution according to the regulations. In the process of engineering construction, we should take the initiative to accept the supervision and inspection of engineering quality by quality supervision institutions.

Twentieth project legal person (construction unit) shall organize the design and construction units to carry out design disclosure; In the process of construction, the quality of the project should be checked. After the completion of the project, the relevant units shall be organized to carry out the project quality acceptance and visa in time.

Chapter IV Quality Management of Supervision Units

Twenty-first supervision units must hold the qualification certificate of supervision units issued by the Ministry of Water Resources, and undertake the supervision tasks of corresponding water conservancy projects in accordance with the approved supervision scope. Supervision units must accept the supervision and inspection of water conservancy project quality supervision institutions on their supervision qualification quality inspection system and quality supervision work.

Twenty-second supervision units must strictly implement national laws, water conservancy industry regulations and technical standards, and strictly perform supervision contracts.

Twenty-third supervision units shall, according to the supervision tasks undertaken, send corresponding supervision institutions to the construction site of water conservancy projects, and the staffing must meet the engineering requirements. The supervision engineer must hold the post certificate of supervision engineer issued by the Ministry of Water Resources, and the chief supervisor must undergo pre-job training.

Twenty-fourth supervision units shall participate in the bidding work according to the supervision contract, and issue construction drawings from the perspective of ensuring the project quality and fully fulfilling the project construction contract; Review the construction organization design and technical measures of the construction unit; Guide and supervise the implementation of relevant quality standards and requirements in the contract; Participate in engineering quality inspection, investigation and handling of engineering quality accidents and engineering acceptance.

Chapter V Quality Management of Design Units

Twenty-fifth design units must undertake survey and design tasks according to their qualification grades and business scope, and should take the initiative to accept the supervision and inspection of their qualification grades and quality systems by water conservancy project quality supervision institutions.

Twenty-sixth design units must establish and improve the design quality assurance system and strengthen the quality control of the design process.

System, improve the design document review, countersign and approval system, and do a good job in technical disclosure of design documents. Article 27 Design documents must meet the following basic requirements:

(a) the design documents shall comply with the requirements of the state, the relevant engineering construction laws and regulations of the water conservancy industry, the technical regulations, standards and contracts for engineering survey and design.

(two) the basic data of the design basis should be complete, accurate and reliable, and the design demonstration is sufficient and the calculation results are reliable.

(3) The depth of design documents should meet the requirements of relevant specifications in the corresponding design stage, and the design quality must meet the needs of engineering quality and safety and meet the requirements of design specifications.

Twenty-eighth design units shall provide design documents and construction drawings in a timely manner in accordance with the provisions of the contract. In the process of construction, they should know the construction site in time, optimize the design and solve related design problems. For large and medium-sized projects, the design unit shall set up a design representative office or send a design representative to the construction site according to the contract.

Twenty-ninth design units shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Ministry of Water Resources, put forward evaluation opinions on whether the project quality meets the design requirements in the stage acceptance, unit project acceptance and completion acceptance.

Chapter VI Quality Management of Construction Units

Thirtieth construction units must undertake engineering construction tasks according to their qualification levels and business scope, and accept the supervision and inspection of their qualification and quality assurance system by water conservancy project quality supervision institutions.

Thirty-first construction units must carry out construction in accordance with the regulations, technical regulations, technical standards, design documents and construction contracts of the state and the water conservancy industry, and be responsible for the quality of construction projects.

Thirty-second construction units shall not subcontract the main works of water conservancy construction projects undertaken by them. Subcontractors must have the corresponding qualification grade of subcontracted projects, and be responsible for the construction quality of subcontracted projects to the general contractor, who is responsible for the overall project quality of the project legal person (construction unit). Project subcontracting must be approved by the project legal person (construction unit).

Thirty-third construction units should implement total quality management, establish and improve the quality assurance system, formulate and improve post quality norms, quality responsibilities and assessment methods, and implement the quality responsibility system. In the process of construction, it is necessary to strengthen quality inspection, conscientiously implement the "three inspection system" and do a good job in the whole process control of engineering quality.

Thirty-fourth engineering quality accidents, the construction unit must report to the supervision unit, the project legal person (the construction unit) and the relevant departments in accordance with the relevant provisions, and protect the site, accept the investigation of engineering quality accidents, and deal with the accidents seriously.

Thirty-fifth the quality of the completed project must meet the requirements of the current engineering standards and design documents of the state and the water conservancy industry, and submit complete technical files, test results and relevant materials to the project legal person (construction unit).

Chapter VII Quality Management and Project Warranty of Building Materials and Equipment Procurement

Article 36 The quality of building materials and engineering equipment shall be borne by the purchasing unit. All building materials and engineering equipment entering the construction site shall be inspected according to relevant regulations. Unqualified products shall not be used in the project.

Thirty-seventh building materials and engineering equipment procurement units have the right to purchase independently according to the provisions of the contract, and other units or individuals may not interfere.

Article 38 Building materials or engineering equipment shall meet the following requirements:

(a) product quality inspection certificate;

(2) Product name, manufacturer's name and address indicated in Chinese;

(three) the product packaging and trademark style meet the requirements of relevant state regulations and standards;

(four) engineering equipment should have detailed product instructions, electrical equipment should also be accompanied by a circuit diagram;

(five) the products subject to production license or quality certification shall have corresponding licenses or certification certificates.

Certificate.

Thirty-ninth water conservancy project warranty period from the project completion date specified in the project handover certificate is generally not less than one year. For projects with special requirements, the warranty period is stipulated in the contract. If there is a permanent defect in the quality of the project, the time limit for taking responsibility is not limited by the above warranty period.

Fortieth water conservancy projects within the prescribed warranty period, there are engineering quality problems, generally listed by the original construction party.

Who undertakes the warranty, the expenses shall be borne by the responsible party.

Chapter VIII Punishment Rules

Forty-first major engineering quality accidents of water conservancy projects should be dealt with seriously. Informed criticism responsible units, reduce the level of qualification or collect the qualification certificate; Administrative disciplinary action shall be given to the responsible person, and if the case constitutes a crime, it shall be handed over to judicial organs for handling.

Forty-second due to the quality accident of water conservancy projects caused personal injury and property losses, the responsible units should be

The relevant provisions, give economic compensation to the injured party. Forty-third project legal person (construction unit) has one of the following acts, which shall be notified by the competent department.

Informed criticism or other disciplinary action.

(a) failing to select the survey, design, construction and supervision units with corresponding qualification grades according to the regulations;

(2) Failing to go through the procedures for project quality supervision as required;

(three) the completed project is not accepted in time according to the regulations, but it is not completed or the stage is transferred to the next stage of construction.

Acceptance and project delivery; (four) the occurrence of major engineering quality accidents is not reported to the relevant departments in time according to the relevant provisions.

Forty-fourth survey, design, construction and supervision units have one of the following acts, according to the seriousness of the case,

Give informed criticism, reduce the qualification level until the qualification certificate is collected, and carry out economic treatment according to the contract. Violation of the law, in accordance with the relevant laws of the state:

(a) without a license or beyond the level of qualification to undertake the task;

(two) do not accept the supervision of water conservancy project quality supervision institutions;

(three) the design documents do not meet the requirements of article twenty-seventh;

(four) the completed project does not meet the requirements of the provisions of article thirty-fifth;

(five) the quality warranty is not implemented in accordance with the provisions;

(6) using building materials and engineering equipment that have not been inspected or failed to pass the inspection, or cutting corners, cutting corners or forging records;

(seven) the occurrence of major engineering quality accidents is not reported to the relevant departments in time according to the relevant provisions;

(eight) the quality grade of the project is unqualified or needs to be strengthened or demolished by the water conservancy project quality supervision institution.

Forty-fifth inspection units that falsify inspection data or forged inspection conclusions shall be given informed criticism, reduced in qualification level until the qualification certificate is collected according to the seriousness of the case. If forgery causes serious consequences, it shall be handled in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Forty-sixth quality supervision institutions do not conscientiously perform the duties of quality supervision of water conservancy projects, by the water administrative department at the same level or the water conservancy project quality supervision institutions at the next higher level to give informed criticism, change the person in charge or revoke the authorization, and be rectified. Personnel engaged in project quality supervision who fail to enforce the law strictly, violate the law, or abuse their powers, engage in malpractices for selfish ends or accept bribes shall be given administrative sanctions by their units or higher authorities. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 47 The Ministry of Water Resources shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Provisions.

Article 48 These Provisions shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Discussion on quality management of small water conservancy projects

Most of the projects organized by the water conservancy departments below the county (district) are small in scale, and the parties involved in the construction have low or no qualifications. Many projects are run by villages or farmers themselves, so the quality management of projects is often ignored, and most of their practices are inappropriate. Although this kind of project is small in scale, its overall quantity is large, and its quality cannot be ignored.

The quality of water conservancy projects is a comprehensive requirement for the safety, applicability, economy and beauty of water conservancy projects. "Safety" means that the project meets the requirements of stable operation, "applicability" means that the project meets the use function, "economy" means that the project cost is less, and "aesthetics" means that the project image meets the aesthetic requirements.

1. Relevant national regulations

In order to strengthen project construction management, control project quality, construction period and cost, and improve economic benefits, since the mid-1980s, the state has successively introduced a series of reform measures for quality management of large and medium-sized water conservancy projects, showing strong superiority and vitality. Its core content can be summarized as follows:

1. 1 Engineering Construction Quality Division is responsible for.

The quality management of engineering construction is the responsibility of the project legal person (the construction unit), controlled by the supervision unit, guaranteed by the construction unit and supervised by the government department. The project legal person is fully responsible for the quality of the project, the supervision, design and construction units are responsible for their own work in accordance with the contract and relevant regulations, and the quality supervision institutions perform the supervision functions of government departments.

1.2 Attach importance to scientific and technological progress and quality management

All units related to engineering construction should implement total quality management, adopt advanced quality management modes and means, popularize advanced science and technology and construction technology, rely on scientific and technological progress and strengthen management, and strive to create high-quality projects.

1.3 The bidding system shall be implemented for engineering construction.

Large and medium-sized water conservancy projects and their supporting and affiliated projects shall be subject to public bidding in accordance with the Provisions of the Ministry of Water Resources on the Administration of Bidding for Water Conservancy Construction Projects; Local small-scale projects shall be formulated by the provincial administrative department.

2. Common problems in grass-roots water conservancy

Grass-roots water conservancy departments are the main body of small-scale water conservancy projects, and their tasks are both virtual and real. Frequently asked questions are:

2. 1 Weak technical strength and low business level.

The design or supervision work is mostly carried out by the corresponding units above the county (district) level, and the grass-roots water conservancy personnel have ideological backing and inertia, which leads to the overall technical level hovering, and some have a downward trend.

On the other hand, grass-roots water conservancy technicians are engaged in more routine work such as uploading and distributing, and have little or no time to continue their studies. The speed of improving the technical level is slow, and they lack deep practical experience, so it is difficult for them to undertake a certain depth of work.

2.2 Technical qualification does not have multiple functions.

Design units undertake survey and design tasks according to their qualification levels and business scope, and supervision units undertake corresponding supervision tasks according to the approved business scope.

Grass-roots water conservancy departments have narrow management scope and low level, and directly face the countryside. Their functions are not only administrative management, but also technical services, including design, supervision, construction, government supervision and other functions, but generally do not have the corresponding qualifications.

2.3 The design and construction are not standardized, with a strong sense of simplicity.

Small water conservancy projects rarely organize feasibility demonstration, and the project construction is often unreasonable or irregular. The state or the Ministry of Water Resources has promulgated a series of laws and regulations, technical standards and norms, but many grass-roots water conservancy units and individuals have not mastered and put them into practice. Small water conservancy projects mainly rely on private support, and the construction funds are relatively tight, so there is a feeling of saving money and simplifying according to the poor.

Due to the lack of adequate architectural knowledge and art training, grass-roots water conservancy technicians often only pay attention to functional needs, and rarely involve artistic and aesthetic needs, which makes most water conservancy buildings give people the impression that they are old and bulky.

2.4 The monitoring measures are not perfect, and the detection methods are too backward.

Most grass-roots water conservancy departments have not established a sound quality assurance system, nor effective quality monitoring measures, and some even have no such string in mind, so it is inevitable that engineering quality problems will occur.

The monitoring of the construction quality of small-scale projects mostly stays on visual inspection, and draws conclusions by intuitive impression. Advanced monitoring equipment and instruments are few, monitoring talents are scarce, and the implementation of quality monitoring activities lacks strong persuasion.

3. Some suggestions

In view of the present situation of grass-roots water conservancy departments, it is difficult to set up water conservancy design and supervision units with legal personality in counties (districts) in the short term, but it is the general trend to implement total quality management and cannot be vague. Small water conservancy projects should also refer to the relevant provisions of the state to do the whole process quality monitoring.

3. 1 Developing human resources and training experts

Attach great importance to the overall human resources development of grass-roots water conservancy industry. It is necessary to select talents for further study in a planned and step-by-step manner to meet the needs of the post and the market; Encourage employees to study on the job, constantly improve their comprehensive quality, and effectively preserve and increase the value of grass-roots water conservancy human resources.

Appropriate division of labor for the existing water conservancy technicians in counties (districts), clear the main direction of each person's business, and cultivate experts in farmland water conservancy, soil and water conservation, water resources management, geological groundwater, water administrative law enforcement, financial management, etc. As soon as possible, and can take the overall situation and undertake the corresponding work. At the same time, strengthen the training of township water conservancy technicians and do a good job of technical disclosure to them so that they can be independent.

3.2 Strengthen quality education and establish a guarantee system.

"A century-long plan, quality first". It is necessary to strengthen the training of all water conservancy workers' quality awareness and knowledge of quality management, establish and improve the incentive mechanism of quality management, and actively carry out mass quality management and rationalization suggestions. Before the state builds large and medium-sized water conservancy projects, it shall organize experts to conduct examination and demonstration. When we set up small projects, we should also organize experts to discuss technical schemes, so as to make up for the design deficiencies in time and nip hidden dangers in the bud.

As the saying goes, "Although the sparrow is small, it has all aspects", and quality management must not be lost because of small. If you make a simple decision based on humility, although the initial investment is small, the future operating cost is high and the service life is short. In this way, the investment will not be saved, but it may be costly.

County (district) water conservancy departments need comprehensive supervision, design, supervision, construction and other functions, and establish their own quality assurance system with reference to relevant state regulations. Engineering design shall conform to the requirements of the state and the water conservancy industry on engineering construction regulations, engineering survey and design regulations and technical standards, strengthen the quality control of the design process, and improve the design document review, countersigning and approval system. In the process of engineering construction, we should do a good job of "three controls", "two controls" and "one coordination", and use economic means to restrain all parties in the construction to ensure the quality of the project and achieve the high-quality goal.

3.3 Improve the monitoring method and improve the detection level.

In order to improve the quality inspection level, it is necessary to purchase necessary inspection and test instruments and equipment, and conduct a comprehensive inspection or sampling inspection on the materials used in the project and the construction quality. Accurate, objective and fair monitoring data are obtained by means of actual measurement, real quantity, real knocking and live ammunition. Good is good, increase the persuasiveness and deterrence of quality supervision, reduce or avoid errors, disputes and contradictions in engineering quality evaluation, and reduce the disadvantages of "human project" and "relationship project".

First of all, strictly control the procurement of materials and equipment. Materials and equipment purchased in bulk shall be tested in accordance with national and ministerial technical standards before use, and unqualified materials shall not be used.

Secondly, strengthen construction quality monitoring. Set the focus of quality monitoring for key working procedures and parts; On-site supervision of key working procedures and strict monitoring of construction quality; Technicians should be diligent in their legs, hands, eyes and mouths at the construction site.

3.4 Attach importance to aesthetic research and create landscape engineering.

Water conservancy projects, like other construction projects, should attach importance to aesthetic research and landscape design, which will achieve good social and environmental benefits. Mankind has entered the stage of eco-economic water conservancy from primitive water conservancy stage and engineering economic water conservancy stage, and the construction of hydraulic structures must be coordinated with ecological maintenance and environmental protection.

In the modern society with the rapid development of material civilization and spiritual civilization, more and more buildings begin to pay attention to perspective effect, and water conservancy buildings should be no exception, and their appearance should become the carrier of human aesthetics.

3.5 Scientific management to ensure sustainable utilization

We should treat the management of small water conservancy projects as a science, pay attention to obtaining benefits from management, and reverse the situation of neglecting management in reconstruction. Small water conservancy assets formed after construction should be handed over to the relevant units and individuals in time, and certificates of property rights or use rights should be issued. Specialized management and protection, auction management and individual contracting should be adopted to form an effective management and protection model suitable for local social conditions and different types of projects, so that new and old water conservancy projects can enter a benign operation track.

4. Conclusion

The quality of water conservancy projects includes four aspects: safety, applicability, economy and beauty. Only four aspects are excellent, is the real quality project, and small water conservancy projects must also be implemented.

The requirements of the superior for the quality management of water conservancy projects are more and more detailed and strict, but the present situation of water conservancy technology at the grass-roots level is far from being able to adapt to the changes of the situation.

The implementation of total quality management includes vertical and horizontal aspects. Vertical means from beginning to end (the whole process), horizontal means comprehensive coverage (large, medium and small), and small water conservancy projects are no exception.

Small water conservancy projects must start with the demonstration, design, construction, supervision and management of the project, and do a good job in the whole process of quality monitoring.

Most grass-roots water conservancy departments integrate supervision, design, supervision, construction and other functions, and should pay attention to developing human resources, strengthen quality education, improve testing level, do a good job in post-construction management and protection, and establish a quality assurance system suitable for their own situation.