Treating body and mind with music has a long history and tradition in China. The Chinese characters of "music", "medicine" and "therapy" are homologous, which shows that our ancestors have recognized the connection between music and medicine and therapy as early as the early days of writing. The following is what I collected for you. Welcome to read the reference!

1 On Music Therapy for Autism

Autism in children is a subtype of generalized developmental disorder, and it is a group of behavioral disorder syndrome with social communication disorder, language development disorder, narrow interest range and rigid repetitive actions as its main clinical manifestations. The prognosis of the disease is poor, which has caused great harm and burden to children, parents and even society. In recent years, through the influence of music on autistic children, the therapeutic effect can be improved, the quality of life of children and their families can be improved, and the basis can be provided for better prevention and treatment of autistic children in the future. The author summarizes the research in this field.

1 music and psychotherapy [1 ~ 3] psychotherapy has been carried out for nearly a century, but there is no recognized definition so far. Generally speaking, psychology textbooks published in China think that the most influential definition at present is Wahlberg's * * * L.R Wahlberg's * * *: psychotherapy is a kind of treatment for emotional problems, which is made by a specially trained person. Today, psychotherapy has formed different factions in theory, method and technology. Music therapy in Europe and America is mainly psychotherapy, so different psychotherapy factions have developed into different music therapy methods and techniques.

There are three kinds of music therapy methods: listening, active and improvisation. Each method has techniques related to psychoanalysis. According to the summary of American publications, there are mainly musical imagination, impromptu evaluation, projective music therapy, projective improvisation, orderly memory and so on. , as well as the skills of guiding intention and music ***GIM***, which are mainly developed on the basis of psychoanalytic theory and skills, and also use humanism. Brucia, director of American Music Therapy Association, believes that music therapy is a systematic intervention process. In this process, music therapists use various music experiences and the developed relationship between therapists and patients as a dynamic force to help patients achieve health goals.

2 Music therapy [5] is to evaluate the physical and mental health status of patients with physical defects, mental disorders or emotional disorders through music response, and to use various forms of music and music experience to design, plan and choose treatment programs to achieve help and intervention for patients. Some studies have combined behavioral psychology, special education and music therapy in the case study of autistic children [6], and think that these beneficial treatments can make children experience the joy of success quickly and keep them practicing at home. When training becomes a habit, it can not only broaden their interest in life, effectively help them deal with all kinds of information that they think is confusing, but also cultivate their work habits of concentration and step by step.

The research and application of music therapy in China is only about 20 years. In recent years, it has been applied to the field of special education. For example, the Music Therapy Center of the Central Conservatory of Music has conducted research on music therapy for mentally retarded children and achieved good results. Some special education schools have also begun to pay attention to the research experiment of music therapy, and music therapy has begun to intervene in the research of rehabilitation treatment for autistic children. Many autistic children in Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province learned to read music and play the piano through colored notes, and achieved good results. Scientific music therapy can improve children's bad behavior, improve the therapeutic effect and improve the quality of life of patients and families. In short, music therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which uses the great influence of music on emotions to change people's mental state and then change people's ideological understanding.

In the process of music therapy, the therapist first guides the treated person into a very relaxed state, and then plays music specially arranged according to the specific situation of the treated person to guide the treated person to make various free associations or memories. Through these associations or memories, the treated person will enter the psychological world deep in his subconscious under the guidance of the therapist, and will gradually get rid of the mental burden and get out of the predicament. The research shows that music therapy is used to intervene children's autism, and the control group is set up for comparative study. The results showed that the scores of each factor and the total score of autistic children in the two groups decreased in different degrees compared with those before treatment.

Compared with the control group, the score of the observation group decreased significantly after treatment, with a significant difference * * * P < 0.05 * * * However, the score of the observation group decreased significantly after treatment, with a significant difference * * * P < 0.01* *. It shows that conventional therapy combined with music therapy can significantly improve the performance of children's autism in language, feeling and perception [7 This may be related to the powerful feeling and multi-sensory experience of music. Music, as a unique form of communication, the most important communication meaning is nonverbal, which can help to establish a good doctor-patient relationship, and this relationship is the basic driving force for successful treatment [8]. * * * Auditory integration training (AIT***) is to correct the imbalance of auditory system in sound processing by letting trainees listen to modulated music, and to * * * brain activity, so as to achieve the purpose of improving communication barriers, language barriers, emotional barriers and behavioral barriers.

Liu Shuhua and others [9] studied the curative effect of auditory integration therapy, and the results showed that after treatment, the children's compliance imitation ability and cooperation ability were enhanced, and the ABC scale score was generally reduced. Auditory integration therapy is mainly to correct the disorder of auditory system in sound processing by listening to a group of modulated music, and at the same time, through the brain activity of patients with * * *, to achieve the purpose of improving language barriers, abnormal behavior and emotional out of control, which has certain curative effect on treating children's autism without side effects [10]. Some clinical behaviors of children, such as imitating pronunciation, distinguishing commands, answering calls, improving sleep disorders, etc., progress slowly through general behavior training, and can rise to a level in a short period of * * * 3 ~ 6 months after auditory integration treatment.

AIT can improve the clinical symptoms of autistic children, which may be related to the following reasons. First of all, Dr. Rimland, chairman of the American Autism Institute, believes that the musical ability of autistic children is almost universal, that is, autistic children have unusual interest in music and unusual sensibility and attention. Secondly, Takeuchi et al. [1 1] found that the right frontal lobe of autistic children is more active in language task learning than that of normal control children, which is related to the low function of the left cerebral hemisphere in the early stage of the disease.

refer to

1lesleeam, firth u. children with autism's understanding of seeing, knowing and believing. British Journal of Developmental Psychopsychology,1988,6: 315-324.

2 Weiman hm, bucky K. children's reasoning about beliefs. Cognition, 1988, 30:239-277.

Flavio JH, Green Florida, fravel River. Knowledge development about the difference between appearance and reality. Monograph of Child Development Research Society,1986,51:212.

4 Bruscia K. defines music therapy. Spring city. Pa: Spring Bookstore,1989,47-49.

5 zhangyan. Discussion on some problems in music therapy for autistic children. Journal of the central conservatory of music, 2006,2:123.

6 Happ6 F, booth r, Charhon R, et a 1. Executive dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Check personal data across fields and ages. Brain and cognition, June 20061:25-39.

7, Zhang, Zhang Jinli, etc. The influence of music therapy on children's autism. Journal of Henan University * * * Medical Edition * *, 2009,28 * * *1* *: 60-61.

8 Shen Jing. A summary of music therapy and related psychological research. Psychological Science, 2003, 26 * * *1* *:176-177.

Liu Shuhua, Guo Haiyan, Du Yang, et al. Short-term effect of auditory integration therapy on autistic children. China Journal of Child Health Care, 2005, 13 * * * 5 * *: 390-392.

10 edge b, edelson SM. Auti *** l J 1 integrated audit training. j aut * * * Dev disorder， 1995，25:6 1-70。

1 1 Takeuchi M, Harada M, Matsuzaki K, etc. Difference of signal changes in autistic patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging for language tasks. J Med Invest，2004，5 1*** 1-2***:59-62。

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