Seven tricks of fire escape and self-help. Fire is a terrible disaster. We all need to know some formulas to escape from fire and save ourselves, so that we can not panic when the fire comes. Next, I will take you to know about the seven tricks of fire escape and self-help.
Seven ways to escape from fire and self-help formula 1 The first formula is to be familiar with the environment and memorize the exit. When you are in a strange environment, for your own safety, you must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits and stairs, so as to escape from the scene as soon as possible at a critical time. Please remember that when there is nothing wrong, you must be prepared for danger in times of peace and reserve a passage for yourself.
The second measure, the exit of the passage, is unimpeded. Stairs, passages, exits, etc. It is the most important escape route in case of fire. They should be kept clear, and sundries should not be piled up or locked, so as to pass safely and quickly in an emergency. Remember, if you cut yourself off, you will die.
The third measure is to put out small fires and benefit others. When a fire breaks out, if it is found that the fire is not big and poses no great threat to human beings, and there are enough fire extinguishing equipment around, such as fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, we should try our best to control and put out the small fire; Don't make a hullabaloo about in panic, run around, and a small fire is left unattended, which will lead to great disaster. Please remember, race against time to put out the "first fire"
The fourth tactic is to stay calm, know the direction clearly and evacuate quickly. In case of sudden fire, in the face of smoke and fire, we should first force ourselves to remain calm, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, decide the escape mode and evacuate the dangerous place as soon as possible. Don't blindly follow people, crowd each other and rush about. When evacuating, you should pay attention to running to a bright or open place outdoors and try to run below the floor. If the passage has been blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and escape to the outside through balconies, transoms, roofs, etc. Please remember that people can only come up with a good solution if they are calm and calm.
The fifth measure is not to be in danger or greedy for property. If you are in danger, you should evacuate as soon as possible. Don't waste your escape time looking for and moving valuables because you are shy or worried about them. People who have fled the danger must not return to the danger zone and be trapped. Please remember, if you stay in the green hills, you are not afraid of burning without firewood.
The sixth measure, simple protection, cover your nose and crawl. When you escape through a route full of smoke, you should prevent smoke poisoning and suffocation. In order to prevent the smoke from choking in the fire, you can cover your nose with a towel and a mask and climb away. Smoke is lighter than air and floats in the upper part. Evacuation near the ground is the best way to avoid inhaling smoke and filter out toxic gases. Wear protective equipment such as gas mask, helmet, flame retardant and heat insulation clothing when crossing the fireworks blockade area. If you don't have these protective equipment, you can pour cold water on your head and body or wrap your head and body with wet towels, wet quilts and wet blankets before rushing out. Remember, it is better to have more protective tools in your hand than to be unarmed.
The seventh trick is to make good use of the passage and not enter the elevator. Buildings designed and built according to codes and standards will have more than two escape stairs, passages or safe sunlight. In case of fire, you should choose to enter the relatively safe stairwell according to the situation. Besides using stairs, you can also use balconies and windows of buildings. How to give early warning to all kinds of disasters and accidents? A multi-scene (construction site, factory, park, building, etc.) intelligent security early warning solution has been created from a very perspective. ). The functions in the solution include but are not limited to helmet identification, goggles identification, reflective clothing identification, work clothes identification, crossing the border/breaking into the platform, ceiling, etc. Climbing to a safe place around and sliding down the stairs along the protrusions in building structures such as downpipes and lightning wires can also get out of danger. In high-rise buildings, once a fire breaks out, the power supply system of the elevator will be cut off at any time, or people will be trapped in the elevator because of the thermal deformation of the elevator. At the same time, because the elevator shaft is like a through chimney, toxic smoke directly threatens the lives of trapped people. Please remember that it is extremely dangerous to take the elevator when you escape.
The eighth trick is to slow down and escape, and slide the rope to save yourself. High-rise and multi-storey public buildings are generally equipped with high-altitude descent devices or lifeline, through which people can safely leave dangerous floors. Without these special facilities, and the safe passage has been blocked, rescuers can't arrive in time, so they can use ropes or sheets, curtains, clothes, etc. quickly. Make a simple lifeline by your side, wet it with water, and then slowly slide along the rope from the windowsill or balcony to the lower floor or ground; Escape safely. Remember, be bold and cautious, and the lifeline is in sight.
The ninth trick, shelter, stick to aid. If you feel hot when you touch the door with your hand, once you open the door; Flame and smoke are destined to face each other. The escape route was cut off and there was no rescue for a short time. At this time, we can take measures to create shelters and stick to those who are waiting for help. First of all, close the doors and windows facing the fire, open the doors and windows facing the fire, block the doors with wet towels and wet cloth, or cover the windows with a quilt soaked in water, and then constantly spray the room with water to prevent fireworks from infiltrating, and stay in the room until rescuers arrive. Remember, a strong shield is not afraid of a sharp spear.
The tenth trick is to slow down and ask for help. People trapped by fireworks who can't escape temporarily should try to stay in balconies, windows and other places that are easy to be found and can avoid close contact with fireworks. During the day, you can throw bright clothes out of the window or throw light and dazzling things outside; At night, you can use a flashlight to keep flashing or knocking on things in the window, and send out an effective distress signal in time to attract the attention of rescuers. Please remember and fully expose yourself in order to save yourself effectively.
The eleventh tactic, the fire has reached you, don't run away. If people in the fire find themselves on fire, they must not run away or beat with their hands. When the clothes on your body are on fire, you should try to take off your clothes or roll on the spot to suppress the flame; It is more effective to jump into the water in time or have someone water it and spray fire extinguishing agent on your body. Remember, rolling on the spot is embarrassing, but fire can be avoided.
The twelfth trick, jumping off a building is skillful, although it hurts survival. Jumping to escape is also an escape method, but it should be noted that only when firefighters prepare life-saving air cushions and jump directly, or when the floor is not high (generally below 4 floors), they will be burned to death. You should also talk about skills when jumping off a building. When jumping off a building, try to jump into the middle of the life-saving air cushion or choose the direction of pool, hood and grass. If possible, try to hold some soft objects such as quilts and sofa cushions tightly or open a big umbrella to jump down to slow down the impact. If you jump off a building with your bare hands, you must scrape the windowsill or balcony, let your body droop naturally and try to reduce the vertical distance. Before landing, put your head in your hands and bend your body into a ball to reduce injuries. Remember, jumping off a building is not suicide, the key is to have a way.
Seven strokes for fire escape and self-help Formula 2 Fire escape method
1, be familiar with the environment and remember the exit.
Remember the location of evacuation routes, safety stairs and escape routes in each environment, which can save lives at critical times. Don't think it's no big deal, and the escape incident can't be ignored!
2, grasp the time, put out a small fire
After the fire is discovered, if the fire does not spread rapidly, you can take the fire extinguisher, water and wet cloth at hand in time to effectively extinguish the fire and grasp the golden time of the fire.
3. Stay calm and know the direction clearly.
When there is a fire, don't panic, calm down quickly, judge the dangerous and safe place, evacuate to a safe place, and don't blindly follow the crowd and push each other. Run from high buildings to low buildings, to bright and empty places, and run in the direction of fire spread.
4, do a good job of protection, crawling with your nose.
In case of fire, it is easy to faint and die if you don't do a good job of protection. Therefore, in case of fire, you must protect your eyes, nose and mouth, wear protective glasses if you can, cover your mouth with a wet towel, and try to squat down to avoid or crawl. You can also hide in the bathroom, turn on the tap, get soaked and wait for help.
5, homemade escape rope
When the safe passage is blocked, the fire spreads too fast, and rescuers fail to arrive in time, they need to find ways to save themselves. If you can't find a special escape rope, make it yourself with what you can find at home, such as sheets, sheets, towels and blankets.
6. Don't use the elevator
Although the elevator can reach a safe place at the fastest speed, its closeness and instability are also fatal. Don't be too lazy to leave, seal your own back road.
7. Hold your ground and stall for time.
If you find the doorknob hot in the room, don't open the door to escape. Fire should be blocked outside the door to prevent fireworks from entering. Block all doors and windows and wait for help. If possible, wet the room.
8, call for help in time, the signal is obvious.
In case of fire, try to stay where it is easy to be found and rescued, and send out obvious signals. For example, waving brightly colored ribbons or tapping with a blunt instrument to make a sound, or constantly turning on and off the flashlight (which is suitable for poor light), or writing down distress information on paper or cloth and throwing it downstairs, waiting for rescue.
9. If there is a fire, go and put out the fire.
Don't run away in a hurry, roll around to isolate the air on your body, and put it out with water or a fire extinguisher in time.
10, don't be afraid of losing face, don't covet property.
As the saying goes, if you stay in the green hills, you are not afraid of burning without firewood. Everything outside can be bought, earned and recreated, but there is no one and nothing. When life is in danger, the first consideration when escaping is nothing else.
Seven strokes of fire escape and self-help Formula 3 High-rise fire escape method
At present, the self-rescue measures of high-rise buildings are mainly divided into three parts. First, improve the fire control facilities of high-rise buildings, such as fire detection and alarm system, automatic sprinkler system, smoke control system, fire emergency lighting and evacuation system, emergency broadcasting system, refuge floor and so on. Second, when decorating the interior of the building, non-combustible or flame-retardant materials should be used, and flammable, combustible and toxic gas-producing materials should not be used for decoration. Third, strengthen building fire safety management, ensure that fire control facilities are always in good condition, evacuation routes and safety exits are always in a smooth state, and normally closed fire doors are always in a closed state.
Familiar with the escape route in the building
Everyone should know all about the evacuation routes and safety exits of high-rise buildings where they work, live and consume, and actively participate in organized fire fighting and evacuation drills, so that they will not feel cornered in case of fire.
Fire warning
If there is a fire in a tall building, you should call 1 19 as soon as possible to prevent fire. Explain the location of the fire, the name of the unit, the size of the fire, whether there are people trapped, etc. , and arrange personnel to meet the fire truck at the intersection.
Don't open the door blindly when the door lock is hot.
The principle of high-rise building fire escape is: after a sudden fire, you must keep calm and don't panic. When a fire breaks out, you can use fire extinguishers and fire-fighting facilities (indoor fire hydrants) in the building to put out the fire at the first time, and call people around you to participate in the fire fighting and alarm; If it is found that the fire in the building is difficult to control, you should evacuate the fire as soon as possible and call the police. Touch the door lock before opening the door to escape. If the temperature of the door lock is very high or smoke comes through the door, it means that fire or smoke has blocked the exit of the door. Don't open the door at this time, but retreat to the room, close all doors and windows in the room, and block the door with towels and quilts. And pour water to cool down. At the same time, use communication tools such as mobile phones to call the police in time.
Use high-rise evacuation to escape.
Try to use smoke-proof stairwells, closed stairwells, corridors with external windows, descending devices, life-saving bags, safety ropes and other indoor facilities when escaping. To prevent the smoke from choking people, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel when you escape, and try to keep your posture as low as possible. It is necessary to guide the elderly, the weak, the sick, the pregnant, the children and those unfamiliar with the environment to evacuate, help each other and escape together. Emergency lights are marked on the safe passages such as stairs. In case of fire, you can follow the light to escape.
Take refuge in the building.
Shelter layer: High-rise buildings over 100 meters are provided with shelter layer, which can be used for refuge in case of fire.
Roof platform: If the fire is located on the lower floor where you are, and the fire and smoke have blocked the downward escape passage, you should escape upstairs as soon as possible. The roof platform is a safe place, for example, there is a water tank on the exposed roof, which can wet clothes with water to resist the high temperature of the flame.
Toilet: If all safe passages are cut off, the only option at this time is to retreat to a relatively safe toilet for a short time. After the trapped people enter the bathroom, they should close the doors and windows, block the gap tightly, and unscrew all faucets to drain water. Water should be continuously drained in the bathtub to facilitate water intake and splash doors and windows to cool down. On the other hand, when the fire reaches the bathroom, people can lie in the bathtub for a while. Buy favorable time for firefighters to come to the rescue.
Fire "calling for help" requires skill.
In addition to calling the mobile phone, you can also send a distress signal from the balcony or the window facing the street. For example, throw soft signals such as sofa cushions, pillows and clothes downstairs; At night, you can turn on flashlights and emergency lighting to send out distress signals to help rescuers find accurate targets.
"Don't enter the ordinary passenger elevator to escape"
Get out of the fire as quickly as possible, but don't take the ordinary elevator easily. Because after the fire, the elevator will be "stuck" because of the power failure, so that the escapees are trapped in the elevator, but the situation is more dangerous, which increases the difficulty of rescue; In addition, the entrance of the elevator directly leads to all floors of the building, and the smoke generated by the fire pours into the elevator, which can easily form a "stack effect", and people in the elevator will be choked by the smoke and toxic gas at any time.
"Some places are not shelters."
Remember never to get under the bed, in the closet or in the attic to avoid flames or smoke. Because these are the most dangerous places in the fire scene, and they are not easy to be found by firefighters, it is difficult to get timely rescue.
"Never jump off a building blindly in a high-rise fire"
Live in a tall building without timely rescue, and don't jump off the building blindly. When the floor of the trapped person is below the third floor, the sheets, quilts, curtains and other fabrics in the room can be torn into load-bearing strips to form ropes, which are tied to the windowsill, balcony or indoor fixed load-bearing members to slide downstairs after being soaked with water, or doors, windows, balconies and exhaust pipes can be used to escape and save themselves.