During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we will strive to build a livable city with dynamic, ecological and riverside landscape characteristics. Adhere to the urban development strategy of "developing along the Yangtze River from east to south", further strengthen urban planning, construction and management, and improve the functions of county service centers in the city. The image of the central city has obviously changed, the urban framework has been effectively opened, the urban functions have been further improved, and a new round of urban master plan revision has been completed. People's Square, Jiang Bin Park, Yuquan Mountain Park, "Five Centers", Lianjiang Railway Station and Station Square were put into use, and the road networks of Mazu Road, Wenbi East Road, Jin 'an Road and other new districts were basically completed. Improve and perfect municipal facilities, such as garden landscape, water pipe network, lighting and greening projects, etc. Open up the urban framework with the continuous extension of the road network, improve the service level of the public, and constantly improve and upgrade the quality of the city.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the construction of county central cities will be further accelerated. Docking the overall urban planning of Fuzhou, strengthening the urban planning of the county center, scientifically integrating the resources of Fengcheng, Aojiang and Jiangnan, promoting the expansion to Pukou and Dai Dong in an orderly manner, improving various development plans such as urban development, infrastructure and industrial layout, improving the urban industrial level, population carrying capacity and radiation capacity, and enhancing the driving role for regional economic and social development. Strengthen the management of the central city, promote the development of the areas along the Yangtze River from east to south, speed up the construction of a number of urban trunk road networks, and solidly promote the construction of Fengdandong West Road Phase IV, Wenbi Road, Beijiangbin East-West Road, Nanaojiang Road, Zhao Hui Road, Nanjiangbin Road and Aojiang Road in accordance with the idea of "unified planning, reasonable layout, local conditions, comprehensive development and supporting construction" to enhance the city's taste. Lianjiang's customs are simple and unique. Inheriting civilized holiday customs, rich regional life customs, long-standing production customs, unique life customs and communication customs that gather humanistic details, * * * isomorphism has become the basic content of Lianjiang customs and human feelings.
theme
The staple food in this county is mainly rice and sweet potato, and wheat and beans are mixed. The coastal areas are dominated by sweet potatoes, mixed with rice, wheat and beans. Breakfast is mostly porridge, and lunch and dinner are dry rice. During the busy farming season, three meals are dry meals, and one meal is added before noon and afternoon. During the fishing season, coastal fishermen like to eat glutinous rice or rice and sweet potato porridge, and drink wine at home. Non-staple food mainly includes: all kinds of vegetables, bean products, meat, eggs and seafood. Seasonings include peanut oil, tea oil, vegetable oil, lard, sauce, fish sauce (shrimp oil), sugar, vinegar, wine, salt and so on. Before the founding of New China, ordinary residents were satisfied with three meals a day, and only on holidays or festive occasions would they kill chickens and ducks to cook several dishes. After the founding of New China, with the continuous improvement of living standards, the staple food is mainly rice, with flour and replicas. After the reform and opening up, the income of urban and rural residents has increased day by day, and the diet structure has changed greatly. Meat, eggs, aquatic products and dairy products are gradually increasing, and the amount of food is gradually decreasing. Wealthy families began to pay attention to the nutritional collocation of three meals.
Local snack
Lianjiang county has rich and colorful snacks. There are mainly hundreds of kinds of fish balls, flat meat (wonton), meat swallows, meat noodles, mixed noodles, beef offal, pot-stewed, oil cakes, hemp eggs (hemp balls), oyster sauce cakes, pot stickers, fried taro, spring rolls and fried buns. Lianjiang fish balls and noodles have always been well-known at home and abroad. Fish balls, with fresh fish chopped and mixed with potato powder as the shell and lean meat as the stuffing, are made into ping-pong balls, which are elastic, crispy and delicious, and sell well in Fuzhou and counties. After 1980s, it became a hot commodity in Shanghai and swept the Bund. Fish noodles, which are made by chopping fresh fish and stirring potato powder, are soft and crisp, and are often used for banquets. After the 1980s, medicated snacks became popular. Chinese herbal medicines such as Lycium barbarum, Angelica sinensis and longan were added to animal meat or fish for stewing.
avocation
People in Lianjiang county have always liked drinking tea, and local green tea is especially popular, such as Qingming tea and Qianming tea picked before Qingming. In the early 1970s, people began to drink cola, fruit juice and other drinks. After 1980s, coffee became the first-class drink for guests, and mineral water became the fashion, but tea was still the main drink, especially for middle-aged and elderly people.
People in the county like to drink home-brewed wine, mainly orange rice wine, and drink white wine cooked with sweet potatoes in coastal summer. Since 1980s, the consumption of beer has increased year by year, and drinking habits have also changed.
Style of clothes
Before and after the Qing Dynasty, Han men's wear was mostly double-breasted clothes and crotch pants. The upper part of women's clothing is biased, and the lower part is twisted; Only the rich gentry and teachers in Yin Dynasty wore robes and mandarin jackets. Clothes and trousers are mostly hand-woven cotton cloth and ramie cloth, with single tone, mainly blue and black; A few people sew with silk, silk, satin, etc. She nationality's clothing is unique, and men's clothing is basically similar to that of Han nationality. Only the skirt and cuffs are trimmed; The woman is dressed in a phoenix skirt with five-colored flowers on the front and sleeves, red and blue ribbons with tassels around her waist, and a square embroidered skirt around her abdomen; Wearing shorts, legs wrapped in red cloth.
During the Republic of China, Chinese tunic suit, student suit and women's cheongsam were popular in cities and towns. The fabrics are khaki, twill, poplin, fragrant yarn, indanthrene, factory cloth, woolen cloth and serge; Several people started knitting clothes and trousers with wool.
1949 to the early 1960s, in addition to the traditional styles, Lenin clothes, work clothes, Czech shirts and cotton-padded clothes were added. During the Cultural Revolution, grass green, yellow and gray military casual clothes and military coats were very popular among young men and women. Since 1980s, people began to pay attention to the materials, colors, styles and famous brands of clothing. Men's and women's clothing is ever-changing and colorful, including suits, sportswear, leather coats, snow coats, coats, bats, jeans, sweaters, rabbit hair sweaters, jackets, woolen coats and new cheongsam. Pants include bell bottoms, straight pants, trousers and fitness pants. Skirt styles are; Pleated skirt, triangle skirt, strap skirt, vest skirt, denim skirt, miniskirt, etc. In the mid-1980s, dresses were very popular. All kinds of clothing materials are: acrylic fiber, wool, rayon, artificial leather, silk, leather and so on.
Shoes style
In the late Qing dynasty, men wore round cloth shoes, and clogs were widely worn in rural areas, and the sound of walking in summer nights was crisp. Women wear round embroidered animals, old women wear embroidered shoes with small feet and pointed tips, and farmers usually wear straw sandals. In the early years of the Republic of China, women's foot binding was abolished and young women no longer wore embroidered shoes. Men began to fashion lace-up sneakers and rain boots, and a few rich people wore leather shoes. After the founding of New China, the styles of shoes have gradually changed with the improvement of living standards, including sports shoes, rain boots, liberation shoes, elastic shoes, leather shoes, plastic sandals and all kinds of imitation leather shoes. Travelling shoes and hiking shoes became popular in 1980s, but leather shoes and plastic sandals are the most common. Farmers began to wear boots when they were working in the fields.
hairstyle
In the Qing Dynasty, Han men shaved their foreheads, left long braids on the back of their heads, tied their heads and wore bowl hats. Unmarried woman Qi Mei wears a single long braid; Married women wear a bun. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the revolutionaries in China cut their braids first, but in the Republic of China, it was usually men who cut their braids. Men's hairstyles are mostly "navy blue" and wear fedora hats. The hairstyle has waist-length double braids and horn braids. She women's hair styles are unique: unmarried braids, married crests (spiral panlong bun), and hair tied with wool (blue thread for the old and red thread for the young). At the beginning of the founding of New China, the hair of young and middle-aged men of Han nationality was cut into "one-piece" and "three-seven open". It is popular to wear liberation hats or engineering hats, and the elderly have flat hair styles. Put on the hood, monkey hat and cotton hat. Old women all wear black velvet hats and tie them in a bun. The children are wearing hoods. In the 1980s, men had split heads and flat heads, and young and middle-aged women mostly had ear-length short hair and some had perms. A few young men and women pay attention to combing Hong Kong-style and Guangdong-style hairstyles.
gemstone
Before the founding of New China, women wore silver hairpin, silver pick, silver flower tremella row, silver bracelet, silver ring and silver earrings. Rich women wear gold rings, gold rings and pearls, agate bracelets, jadeite and other jewelry. She women like to insert silver needles, unmarried women wear earrings, and married women hang earrings. From 1950s to 1970s, it was out of fashion for Han women to wear jewelry. After 80. It is common for women to wear jewelry again, and some men wear jewelry.
tourist
Before the Qing Dynasty, the waterway transportation in Lianjiang County was mainly wooden sailboats and sampans. In the Republic of China, there were motorboats in Minjiang River and Aojiang River. Landing on foot A few people sit in sedan chairs or chairs. After the founding of New China, with the development of transportation, short distance still depends on walking, and long distance mostly depends on bicycles, cars, motorboats and ships. In the 1970s. Bicycles are very popular. Men and women in urban and rural areas ride bicycles to and from work, go to work in the fields and deliver fertilizers and snacks. In the mid-1980s, motorcycles became more and more popular as a means of transportation. In the later period, human tricycles was flooded with county towns, with manned delivery and direct access to the door. It is very convenient to go to Fuzhou or Mawei by car from far away, and then go to various places by car, train, ship and plane. Lianjiang's ancestors moved from other places to Lianjiang, a fertile land in Zhong Ling, and have been thriving for generations. They choose the fertile land on both sides of the Aojiang River Basin and the rivers in Danyang, Liao Yan, Dai Dong and Toubao to live in groups. At that time, mankind had entered the matriarchal or paternal clan society, and began to grind stone tools, make stone arrowheads, make bows and arrows, and burn rough pottery utensils.
From the general survey of cultural sites in the county, more than 380 stone knives, axes, spears (agricultural tools made by ancient people grinding stone chips), stone arrowheads (that is, the front of arrows made by ancient people grinding stone chips), stone circles, pottery and fossil specimens with checkered patterns, mat patterns, geometric patterns and basket patterns have been found, all of which have passed through Fujian cultural relics. These cultural sites are mainly distributed in the barren hills and mountains of 30 villages along the river in six towns including Aojiang, Danyang, Liao Yan, Pandu, Dai Dong and Toubao. Among them, Yunjushan Cultural Site in Dai Dong Town has the largest area, with a distribution range of about 6,543,800 square meters, which is the largest settlement of Lianjiang ancestors.
Ancient kiln site
The kiln site is the production place for making ceramic utensils. Lianjiang began to develop ceramic production as early as the Southern Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, with a history of 1600 years. It was famous at home and abroad during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it was one of the four major kiln systems in Fujian Province. The ceramics produced by Lianjiang are exported to more than a dozen countries in Southeast Asia, and the National Museum of Australia also collects exquisite celadon, white porcelain and black glaze produced by Longjiang Pukou Longyao.
The county is famous for Qi Kui and ancient kilns in Jiangnan township, Li Tang kiln in Guanban, Zhenru kiln in Changlong town, Guandu kiln in Toubao town and Pukou kiln in Pukou town. The relatively large-scale Nanshan kiln site in Qi Kui Village is distributed on five hills, covering an area of more than 4,000 square meters, and the accumulated layer of ceramic sites is 3 meters thick. Porcelain collected from the kiln site includes bowls, dishes, lamps, bottles, cans and other household utensils, as well as kiln furniture such as rings, saggers and cushions. Ceramic decorative patterns include printed patterns, concave string patterns, bamboo patterns, flowers and so on. There are two kinds of glazes, cyan and green, which were identified as the kiln site from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.
Pukou kiln is located in Longyao (Longyao: a 3050-meter-long brick kiln stove. There is a furnace mouth at the kiln head and a chimney at the kiln end. The green body is stacked in the kiln, which looks like a long snake, and was called the Dragon Kiln in ancient times. ) is given priority to, * * * has 36 kilns, known as 36 dragon kilns, which are famous. They are distributed on both sides of Pukou Town Highway and more than a dozen hills where middle schools are now located, covering more than 1 square kilometer. It is the kiln site with the largest number, scale and variety of Lianjiang ancient porcelain. The ceramics produced include black glaze, gray, blue and white and colored porcelain. The craft and style are unique, the varieties of colors are constantly updated, and the forms of making utensils are diversified. Besides bowls, cups, plates and lamps, we also produce dozens of vase products with high technological requirements, such as long-necked bottles, round-lipped bottles and drum-shaped bottles. Each kiln has its own lattice. It was identified as an ancient kiln site from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. Both Pukou kiln site and Qi Kui kiln site are listed as county-level cultural relics protection units.
Experts from China and Australia jointly conducted underwater archaeology in Dinghai Bay and unearthed thousands of ceramics. Australian experts also made a field trip to Longyao in Pukou. After analysis and textual research, it is mostly produced by Pukou Longyao.
Ancient shipwreck site
The sea area from Minjiang Estuary to Huang Qi Bay, known as Gan Tang Port in ancient times, is the main channel for ships at home and abroad. However, due to the lack of navigation marks in ancient times and the dense reefs in the sea, ships often hit rocks and sank at night.
According to the investigation of the cultural relics management department, ancient shipwrecks were found at 1 1 in the sea area southwest of changsha village in Huang Qi Town, 3500m southeast of Kaysa Village in Cheng Xiao Town and 250m in Dinghai Village. More than 3,000 underwater cultural relics, such as pottery bowls, pots, bowls, cups, jars, inkstones, iron cannons and bronze spears, have been excavated from the shipwreck site, which was identified as a shipwreck site in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
1in March, 990, Clayder Clark, a researcher at the southeast Asian ceramics research center of the university of adelaide, Australia, Jimmy Green, director of the archaeological department of the marine museum of western Australia, and Robert Richard, a technician, together with Yu, the director of the Chinese history museum, the researcher and the archaeologists of the National Cultural Heritage Administration cultural relics department, In cooperation with Fujian Provincial Museum, Fuzhou Museum and Lianjiang County Cultural Bureau, we led the first generation of China underwater archaeology class 1 1 students to Dinghai Village, Cheng Xiao Town, the county, and conducted underwater archaeology in the surrounding 300-meter sea area for three months. Nine ancient shipwreck sites were identified in the sea area, and more than 2,000 cultural relics such as ceramic vessels and many sunken ships were excavated from the seabed, and sunken ships and underwater ships were photographed. China and Australia jointly wrote an academic paper on underwater archaeology in Dinghai, Lianjiang County, which was published in World Archaeology magazine in June of that year.
1975, a canoe was unearthed in the Grand Palace of Aojiang River, which is now in the Fujian Provincial Museum. Lianjiang is rich in cultural relics. From 1950s to 1960s, some cultural relics were collected and excavated. After 1970s, organized collection and excavation began. By 2005, Lianjiang Museum had collected more than 4,000 cultural relics, including more than 2,000 national second-and third-class cultural relics, ranking first among five districts and eight counties in Fuzhou.
Cultural relics include stone tools, pottery, porcelain, gold, jade, wood carving, stone carving, stationery, currency, cloth, bricks and tiles, genealogy and rubbings. Most cultural relics are collected or excavated from folk, temples, ancient tombs, construction sites and underwater shipwreck sites.
1 993 in March, an ancient tomb of the Song Dynasty1was excavated in Yushan, Fengcheng Town, and 97 cultural relics such as iron cows, inkstones and stone figurines were unearthed. From June 65438 to June 0997, the county cultural relics department cooperated with Feng, an ancient ceramics expert in Beijing Palace Museum, to inspect and identify the ancient ceramics kiln site in Pukou Song Dynasty, and collected more than 0/00 ancient ceramics samples. 198 1 may, when people were building houses and digging foundations in the north gate of Fengcheng, they found two iron cannons cast by Lianjiang in the 20th year of Qing Daoguang (1840). In August of the same year, an ancient coin weighing 150kg was unearthed in Dongtang Village, Donghu Town, which was a precious cultural relic. Dinghai Primary School 1987 Young Pioneers donated more than 800 pieces of ceramic cultural relics from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and the school set up a cultural relics exhibition room as a patriotic education base for students. 1988, the county cultural center cooperated with the Fuzhou Cultural Management Association to excavate three ancient tombs of the Jin Dynasty in Dachengkou Village, Chengxiao Town, and collected 2/kloc-0 pieces of unearthed cultural relics, among which the ceramic chicken-headed pot is a rare cultural relic.
1990, Dinghai Village accepted "Guo Fu" (that is, Ming Taizu gave a Zhu surname, so "Guo Fu" was used as a symbol, such as "Guo Fu", "Guo Chuan" and "Guo Hu". ) 1 a bronze spear was identified as a small gun used by the national hero Zheng Chenggong's navy. It is treasured in Lianjiang County Museum, and its replica is exhibited in Xiamen Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall. The ancient pagoda bridge is the landmark building of Lianjiang.
Ancient pagodas: Ancient pagodas mainly include Tiannujia Ruiguang Pagoda in Tang Dynasty, Puguang Pagoda in Yunju Temple in Yuan Dynasty and Doumen Pagoda with Lights in Ming Dynasty.
Ancient Bridge: Lianjiang has convenient land and water transportation, and there are many rivers, with as many as 73 streams over 3 kilometers. According to county records, Lianjiang has 149 ancient bridges, which have been destroyed by fire and water, war or replaced by modern highway bridges with historical changes. Of the 46 surviving ancient bridges, 8 are in Song Dynasty, 2 in Yuan Dynasty, 6 in Ming Dynasty, 9 in Qing Dynasty 12 in lost year. The famous ones are Tongji Bridge in the county, Zhugong Bridge in Liao Yan and Tangbian Bridge in Guanban.