Quality management papers Dongfang Electric has made brilliant achievements in the past 50 years, and also created the glory of China's power generation equipment manufacturing industry. Especially since the establishment of the quality management system in 1990s, the quality management of Dongfang Electric has been on a steadily rising track. However, we still have some unsatisfactory places. In recent years, with the substantial increase in the output value of Dongfang Electric, quality problems have occurred from time to time, which has sounded the alarm for us. How to ensure the normal and effective operation of Dongfang Electric's quality management system, make the enterprise develop healthily and vigorously, and build a century-old TEPCO is a difficult problem for all TEPCO people. If Dongfang Electric is compared to a big tree, if you want this big tree to flourish, you must rely on the vigorous growth of every branch. In Dongfang Electric, these branches and leaves are our team, the direct production unit of enterprise products and the direct controller of product quality. The quality of team work directly affects the quality of products, determines the competitiveness and economic benefits of enterprises, and determines the survival and development of enterprises. Therefore, grasping the quality of team products, doing a good job in team quality management and building a rock of product quality are the foundation for enterprises to remain invincible in the increasingly fierce market competition.
First, the factors affecting the quality of team products
(1) Operation fluctuation. Quality fluctuation is generally divided into normal fluctuation and abnormal fluctuation. Normal fluctuation is generally caused by raw material quality difference, equipment wear, slight change of operation adjustment, normal change of process deviation control range and other factors, which has little effect on product quality. Abnormal fluctuations are generally caused by factors such as non-compliance with regulations, lax process implementation, equipment running with diseases, inaccurate monitoring and measurement, and raw materials not meeting quality standards, which have a great impact on product quality. The main reason that affects the abnormal fluctuation of team production is operation fluctuation, which refers to all kinds of abnormal operation factors in the process of operation, and the main factors that affect the quality of team production are people, equipment, technology, materials and environment. If these five factors are effectively controlled and abnormal fluctuations are eliminated in time, high-quality products can be produced. The most important of the five factors is the human factor, because team production is monitored by people, and the quality of the supervisor's work directly affects the final result of product quality. The main reasons for the fluctuation of operation are: first, the sense of responsibility is not strong, that is, the quality consciousness is not observed and adjusted diligently; Second, no? Three by output? , the implementation process and operating procedures are not strict, and there are many operational errors; Third, the technical quality is low, and it can neither analyze nor deal with it; Fourth, the equipment maintenance is poor, and the equipment runs with illness; Fifth, the coordination between the upper and lower processes is poor and the production is unstable. These five points are the main problems that lead to operation fluctuation. Only by solving the problem that causes operation fluctuation can we solve the problem that affects product quality? Five reasons? Only under control can we stabilize production and improve product quality. XXX power plant found that there was turn-to-turn short circuit in the rotor during the electrical test after installing the turbo-generator. After removing the steam end protection ring of the rotor, it was found that there was a phosphor copper welding wire between 1 and 2 turns, about 300mm from the 25# slot to the notch. After cleaning, it was found that there were four used phosphor copper welding wires left in the generator rotor. The cause of the accident was that when welding the rotor coil joint in the motor factory, the operator didn't realize the importance of this process to the product quality, and the used welding wire was not completely cleaned, and remained in the inner cavity of the coil end, which was not found in time in the subsequent cleaning process of welding head, cylinder disassembly and pole block assembly, thus leaving the problem in the power plant. In the previous case, the operator's sense of responsibility was not strong, and the implementation process and operating procedures were not strict, which led to operation fluctuation and quality problems.
(2) Wrong thinking: 1 rely on investigation. ? Team produces products, and quality depends on inspection? This idea still exists among quite a few employees. Anyway, the quality is checked by the inspector. As long as the working hours are earned, it doesn't matter whether the self-inspection (especially manual) is done or not. If there is a quality problem, it is necessary to find the inspection, find the process, run the quality treatment sheet and recycle it. First, the production schedule. The slogan of the production unit is to complete the task with good quality and quantity. But when the production task is busy, it often becomes that the quality is not good. Quality first? Put it in your mouth, will you? Production first? Put it in your hand. Why don't you wash the mud when the radish is almost ready? This situation still exists. This is the influence of the assessment method of distribution method. The output-based assessment method makes some people pay more attention to earning more working hours and bonuses, while ignoring the quality of products.
(C) the sense of leadership of team leaders. Team is an indispensable and basic unit of an enterprise, and the team leader is commonly known as? Soldiers will be at the end? . Face? Soldiers? Team leader is the planner and supervisor of quality management and the forerunner of quality work; Face? Will. Team leader is the executor and practitioner of enterprise quality management. The quality consciousness of the team leader who undertakes so many functions often determines the overall quality consciousness of the team. When XXX motor was tested in the factory, the primary cooling water of the motor could not be circulated, which led to the heat generated by the no-load loss of the motor during high-speed no-load operation could not be effectively taken out, and the temperature rise of the motor was too high, resulting in many parts being scrapped. The cause of the accident was that the person in charge of the test did not carefully check and confirm the preparation state before the test according to the procedure, and the tester started the test without opening the inlet valve of the cooling water circulation system once, resulting in a quality accident.
(D) Lack of effective quality supervision mechanism. There is a lack of quality supervision mechanism within the team and the quality indicators have not been implemented. The quality of the pot rice is unclear, and the responsibility is false. By feeling? Pat your head? Determine quality, not by data.
Second, do a good job in team quality management and promote product quality improvement.
(A) team quality management should be taken as a strategic measure. Quality problem is not only an economic problem, but also affects the stable development of the country and society and the reputation of enterprises. Strengthening team quality management is not only a management means and method, but also a management concept and system. Establish product quality as the main symbol to measure the quality of team work, build a team production management system with quality as the core, and create a team spirit of quality first.
(2) Strengthen quality awareness education. Strengthening quality awareness is the ideological basis of grasping the quality of team products, and quality awareness education should do the following two things well. First of all, educate employees to firmly establish? Quality first? I understand that product quality is a big issue related to the future and destiny of enterprises. High-quality products can bring prosperity to enterprises and countries, while inferior products will lead enterprises to lose market, lose money or even close down. As employees of the enterprise and direct producers of material products, we should be proud of the enterprise, benefit from the benefits of the enterprise, have a high sense of ownership of the fate of the enterprise, and produce high-quality products for the society with first-class work quality. Secondly, educate workers to understand the close relationship between product quality and production schedule and economic benefits. Without high-quality products, there will be no high-speed production, and high-quality products can effectively increase production and increase efficiency. Poor product quality is the biggest waste in production. We should overcome the misconception that we only pay attention to output and progress and ignore quality.
(3) Strictly control smooth operation and reduce operation fluctuation. Smooth operation is the key link to improve product quality. Smooth operation is to stabilize the process. First, we must do a good job of handover. Handover is a process of understanding the production, technology, quality, safety, equipment operation and remaining problems of the previous shift, which is very important to stabilize the production technology and quality of the next shift, and should be handed over in strict accordance with the requirements of handover. The second is to strictly implement the operating procedures. Team members are required to master the main contents of technical regulations such as process operation methods, process conditions, process parameters and safety technical requirements. Operate in strict accordance with the technical regulations, and adjust according to the instructions of the team leader or superiors in special circumstances.
(4) Improve the quality of employees, lay a solid foundation for quality, and extensively carry out QC research activities. Carry out on-the-job training to improve technical quality. Focus on practicing basic movements, basic skills and learning basic theories, and carry out practical training in close connection with production practice. Through on-the-job training activities, we will continuously improve the technical level of employees and enhance their practical skills. put on production
In this process, we can achieve the best combination with production tools, thus optimizing production and improving labor efficiency. In the activities of improving the technical level of employees, QC activities can be widely carried out according to the actual problems in production, so as to enhance the ability of employees to find, analyze and solve problems, and at the same time enhance their self-confidence and sense of responsibility.
(5) Establish quality kanban. Each team should establish a quality kanban, record the quality performance, daily quality deviation and the completion of team quality indicators of team employees, form a quality ranking of team employees, link it with income, and establish a strict team economic responsibility system. Form a quality assessment system of open assessment and fair assessment. The quality status of team employees every day, how many defects have been produced, and how the quality score is, can be seen at a glance on the quality board. By the end of the month, the quality assessment results of employees in that month will naturally be obtained. Because the assessment results are linked to the monthly bonus, employees know how much money will be deducted for quality problems this month. Each employee's quality score is not only related to his personal interests, but also affects the team's product quality achievements. The quality performance of the team is linked to the monthly bonus assessment of the team leader and section chief. In this way, quality kanban is not only the personal concern of employees, managers can see the completion of quality objectives of each team, and quality managers and technicians can find the breakthrough point of quality improvement.
(6) quality problems? Don't let go . Quality problems? Don't let go It must be truly implemented. At present, there are some problems in the cause analysis of quality problems in our company. First of all, the causes of many of our quality problems are not clear. For example, the assembly dimensions of most weldments are out of tolerance. What are the reasons? Welding deformation? What is the cause of welding deformation? There is no further analysis. Secondly, engineers and technicians should help the team analyze the reasons. Our engineers and technicians have the obligation to help the branch factories and teams analyze the reasons and find out the root of quality problems for each NCR in order to improve it. The company carries out quality research to solve common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, and our branch factories and teams should also conduct QC research on NCR sheets issued for a long time on the same issue.
Full participation: Full participation is one of the eight principles of quality management, and people at all levels are the foundation of the organization. Only with their full participation can their talents benefit the organization. Leaders should not only establish the purpose and direction of organizational unity, but also create and maintain an internal environment that enables employees to fully participate in achieving organizational goals. Our team leader should also involve all team members in team quality activities. Quality management despises team leaders and quality engineers, but is the result of division of labor and cooperation among all team members. Let each team member know the importance of his contribution and his role in the team; Team members solve various problems with the sense of responsibility as masters; Let each team member evaluate their quality performance according to their own goals; Enable employees to actively seek opportunities to improve their abilities, knowledge and experience. Team is the cornerstone of the company and the smallest group unit. Only by fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the team to do a good job in quality can Dongfang Electric build a solid foundation for a century-old shop.
Paper 2: On Quality Management Paper 1: Team Safety Management
In the work of team safety management, the team leader must do the following work well: carry out? Safety first, prevention first? Policy, organize team members to learn safe operation techniques, improve risk identification and control skills, and enhance the self-protection ability of myself and the whole team; The team should be responsible for everything, and everyone should obey the rules and discipline, and check the safety of employees in completing tasks, the safety of equipment and environment, and the implementation of various safety operation rules and regulations. If illegal operators are found, they should be stopped in time. Safety education should be given to new employees or employees who have changed jobs. Team safety management mainly depends on the team leader to organize all employees to implement. Is the team leader the direct commander of team production?
The purpose of safe production is to identify risks, reduce and control hazards, reduce accidents and reduce losses; Safety management includes legal management, safety inspection, production technology safety management, working environment management, material safety management, personnel and responsibility system implementation, rules and regulations implementation, training and education, etc. The objects of management should include all employees, all equipment and facilities, materials, environment and all business activities of the enterprise.
Second, the responsibility of production safety
The team leader is the direct executor of production and operation, responsible for the first-line safety production management, specifically implementing the safety team work, checking and urging employees to abide by the safety production rules and regulations, and operating according to the operating procedures. Abide by labor discipline, do not command in violation of regulations, do not force workers to take risks, be responsible for the safety of the team, and timely convey the safety knowledge, regulations and information of superiors. Inform employees of the risks and dangers they may encounter during operation, the protective equipment they should wear, the emergency measures they should take in case of emergency and the orders they should obey. If it is found that the new dangerous situation is difficult to solve at the scene, it should be communicated and reported to the superior in time to ensure safety.
In a word, safety leaders at all levels should achieve five simultaneities: planning, arranging, inspecting, summarizing and evaluating production while planning, arranging, inspecting, summarizing and evaluating accident prevention.
(A) safety education and training
According to relevant laws and regulations, pre-job safety training for team leaders includes: post safety operation procedures; Work connection and coordination between posts involving safety and occupational health matters; Related accident cases; Other contents that need training. Team employees should be retrained when they adjust their jobs or leave their jobs for more than one year. Teams and groups should carry out targeted safety training for relevant employees when implementing new processes and technologies or using new equipment and materials. Special operations personnel in the team must receive special safety training in accordance with the provisions of relevant national laws and regulations, and can only work at their posts after passing the examination and obtaining the qualification certificate for special operations.
The forms and methods of safety team education can include lectures, practical operation, case analysis and reading guidance. Regular safety education forms include: pre-shift and post-shift meetings, safety activity days, safety production meetings, accident site meetings, safety business training courses, etc.
(2) Handling of hidden dangers and major dangers
The contents of hidden danger management and major hazard sources are generally combined with the relevant requirements of enterprises. Each team should pay attention to whether there are potential accidents when working in this position. Those that can be disposed of within their own capabilities should be investigated and disposed of in a timely manner. If it is a major hidden danger, it should be reported to the superior in time to solve the problem. Before solving it, we should pay close attention to the problem and call the police in time. Personnel who operate and work in the relevant positions of major hazard sources in enterprises should understand the risks of major hazard sources and the relevant requirements for safe operation. Strictly abide by the safety operation rules and put forward specific requirements for the on-site emergency response capability of post operators.
(3) Emergency and accident handling
When an accident happens, the post operator is often the first witness, and the team should pay attention to the on-site processing ability and quick response of employees. Teams and groups should often organize employees to carry out corresponding emergency rescue drills. In case of an accident, report to the leader at the first time.
Third, the security team inspection
Security team inspection includes self-inspection, self-correction and self-improvement mechanisms. Inspection is the process of monitoring and verifying security performance. Through inspection, the hidden dangers of accidents can be investigated and rectified. Take emergency measures in time for major hidden dangers found in the inspection process to prevent accidents.
(A) the purpose of safety inspection
Understand the basic situation of enterprise safety production, find problems or hidden dangers, analyze and deal with the problems found, exchange information in time through the inspection process, sum up experiences and lessons, and put forward further requirements for training needs, with the ultimate goal of reducing accident risks. During the inspection, all kinds of data can be obtained, which are important basic data for safety management, an important performance evaluation method for team sound work, and also provide a good basis for future rectification and accident analysis.
(2) Safety inspection contents
Check the ideological level, safety awareness and understanding of laws and regulations; Inspection management: the implementation of various rules and regulations; Check the hidden dangers in the workplace and activities, abnormal behaviors of people and unsafe conditions of things; Check the accident handling, reporting, investigation, analysis, corrective measures and final treatment conclusions.