Main idea
This manuscript analyzes the reasons for the differences between Chinese and Japanese women's occupations, and the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese women's occupations. Note the second point. (1) The similarities and differences of women's occupations in modern China and Japan; (2) The similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese women's occupations. Reasons: China's social system, the main reasons for women's occupation, and China women's sense of ownership. Discussion on the similarities and differences of the above points, the occupations of Chinese and Japanese women, the social system of China and Japan, and the social system of China and Japan. China のはもっとぃがぁる Women's Career Plan; (3) China's "female" enlightenment.
* * * Tongdian
This part is written as follows: First of all, women in China and Japan have the idea of being housewives. Secondly, women in the two countries have basically the same ideas about married work.
* * * Tongdian
こののはまずとのがになるとぅぅぇがあががぅ.
The idea of working after marriage
Many people have the inherent impression that Japanese women don't work after marriage. It is true that in the past few decades, most Japanese women have no jobs after marriage, but they have no choice, as we imagined.
The consumption level in Japan is relatively high. In Japan, men's wages are usually higher than women's, which is also in line with the possibility that women in Japanese society can rely on men to support themselves without going to work after marriage. However, if men's wages are the same or almost the same as their own, there are also many cases in which women choose to continue working after marriage to maintain family expenses.
Although there are still a large number of Japanese women who choose not to work after marriage, with the development of society, "Japanese women don't work after marriage" has been relatively rare.
In the case of an aging population, the Japanese Senate exerts women's abilities through the role of laws to cope with the labor shortage and promote women's employment. It can be seen that the role of the government has also promoted the idea of Japanese women's employment after the meeting.
The idea of working after marriage
Many people, Japanese women, Japanese women, Japanese people and Japanese people have an inherent impression that they are married officials. Indeed, in the past few decades, many Japanese women have been married and engaged in public affairs. しかしたちがしてぃたよぅにとと12392;
The consumption level in Japan is relatively high. Both men and women in Japan are tall. In Japanese society, after women get married, men support and attend classes. しかしのがとじでぁれば, ではがももももももももももも
There are many Japanese women today, and there are many things to do after marriage, such as being an official, being an official and being elected.
With a large population and a low level of education, the Japanese Senate can't communicate with women, and wiggle wiggle's ability is insufficient. The government, Japanese women and Japanese women took the stage to promote the examination.
Women's Married Work in China
In China, it is natural for women to continue working after marriage. Especially in cities with high cost of living, such as Hong Kong, Beijing or Shanghai, most married women have to work to earn extra income to support their families. Although China often said that "it is better to marry well than to do well". Many women choose to own their own businesses in order to make themselves spiritually and economically independent. It is no longer a difficult problem for women to enter the labor market, but we are more concerned about how to encourage and support women to move forward and become senior management and board members. Especially in the new era, women feel that housewives are the hardest job in the world, and they are no longer willing to be "full-time wives". Only when work and family are right can women's happiness increase. Work will enable them to get close to the society and better understand it. On the other hand, due to economic pressure, most young women will share the family economy, and most women will choose to work after marriage.
Women's Married Work in China
China women's marriage, marriage, marriage, marriage. Especially living in Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai, high cities, many married women and families. Many women in China are self-centered. Women's participation をせることはもはやしははははははははははは There are contradictions between his daughter, the master's wife, the official and the official. Officials, women, society, contact, society, knowledge, knowledge. One side, the other side's "なストレスのため", the other side's "くのははのぬ"
discrepancy
Although women in China and Japan advocate the idea of being a housewife or working after marriage, there are many different reasons that make women in the two countries have essentially different career views. This part mainly tells the different ideas of Chinese and Japanese women on professional women.
discrepancy
After marriage, women, housewives, officials, officials and scholars in China and Japan all advocated "してぃす". このはののにする.
career women
(1) Japanese women do have a sense of going out to work, but they don't want to be regular employees. Regular employees are also an interesting term in Japan. In the past, employees rarely thought of job-hopping when choosing a company. Regular employees mean lifelong employment and stability, but at the same time it is equivalent to sacrificing a lot of personal time and taking on more responsibilities. Simply put, it is the difference between "career" and "making money".
If both husband and wife are regular employees, it is difficult to take care of family affairs. When they need income and don't want to be social animals, the status of informal employees is more popular with women, because they are always given more responsibility to take care of their families. Rather than saying that women "can't become" regular employees, they choose to become "informal employees". After all, they don't work to achieve their careers.
(2) China's existing income distribution and wage structure, class interest distribution, high housing prices, high prices, it is difficult to support all the expenses of a family. Even if it is enough, it will be a little tight. More women take part in the work, in order to make more money to supplement their families, devote themselves to the work and become enterprising women in the new era. They also think that enterprising women are more attractive and worthy of respect. While reducing the economic pressure, they don't have to be attached to men, their family status is more equal, and their husband-wife relationship is more harmonious. Therefore, more women are willing to make more money to subsidize their families to work hard in their own careers and enjoy it. They gradually equate "making money" with "career", which leads to more and more enterprising.
career women
1) Japanese women's official consciousness, membership consciousness and membership consciousness. Full members: Japan, China, Japan, China. I used to choose members, clubs and posts. The "lifelong employment" of full-time members means "stability, stability, stability and time". Jane's words, career and treasury are illegal.
Couples, full members, families, exams, etc. When necessary, social animals, social animals, informal members, women and people. Their daughter's family, family, responsibility, responsibility. The end of female はになれなぃとぅより, になりたた, the daughter's career, and.
(2) China's existing, access distribution, structure, class, interest distribution and housing structure. Go, go, go, go, go. よりくのがにしよりくのぉぉをぐためぉ Their women are enterprising, charming and respectful at the same time. なストレスをらすとともに, male にジる. His daughter, Jin, Jia,.
Reasons for differences
Social system: Japan's social security system has a wide variety and complex structure, including pension insurance system, medical insurance system, unemployment insurance system and industrial injury insurance system. The medical insurance system mainly includes health insurance, national health insurance and health care system for the elderly. Health insurance is a medical system that takes employees of enterprises and institutions as insurers and pays insurance benefits when they and their dependents are injured, killed or give birth. National health insurance is a medical insurance system for people engaged in forestry and fisheries, self-employed, employees of small enterprises and unemployed people. Medical care for the elderly is to provide medical expenses for the elderly over 70 years old, of which 70% is borne by the central government and the remaining 30% by local governments. Among them, health insurance and universal health insurance together constitute the two pillars of Japan's medical insurance system.
The insured of the unemployment insurance system includes employees from all walks of life, some industries and scales in China, and all enterprises must participate in this insurance. Individual operators in agriculture and fisheries and small enterprises with less than four employees can decide whether to participate. The insurance benefits paid by insurance to the unemployed mainly include basic allowance, study skill allowance, boarding allowance, illness and funeral allowance, etc. The industrial accident insurance system is divided into commercial disaster insurance and commuting disaster insurance. The former is compensation for accidents such as injury, illness, disability and death during working hours; The latter is compensation for accidents such as injury, illness, disability and death caused by commuting.
China's social security system includes social insurance, social assistance, social welfare, special care and placement, social mutual assistance and personal savings accumulation guarantee. These social security are interrelated and complementary. 1, social insurance: social insurance, including five types of insurance; 2. Social assistance: The government gives assistance to people living in the lower classes of society, offering timely help to help people survive. Social assistance projects include: disaster relief, urban poverty relief, rural five-guarantee assistance, urban and rural entitled groups assistance, homeless assistance, etc. 3. Social welfare is the highest level of social security and the highest program and goal to realize social security. Its purpose is to promote the welfare of the masses and improve people's material and cultural life, which pushes social security to the highest stage; The important sources of social welfare funds are the state and social organizations. 4. Social preferential treatment and resettlement is a special part of social security, belonging to a special category of social security and a special procedure to realize social security. The purpose of social special care and placement is special care and old-age care; Social special care targets are soldiers and their families; The basic feature of social preferential treatment is preferential treatment for soldiers and their families.
It can be seen that China's social security system is not perfect, and there are a series of problems to be solved urgently, such as narrow coverage, ensuring water quality, imperfect laws, supervision and law enforcement. Young people in China will work hard and save enough money for their retirement.
Social system: Japan's social security system has various types, structural rehabilitation, pension system, medical insurance system, unemployment insurance system and disaster insurance system. The medical insurance system includes health insurance, national health insurance and health care system for the elderly. Health insurance companies, enterprises, employees, insurance companies, employees and employees. National health insurance personnel engaged in forestry and fishery, individuals, employees of small enterprises and unemployed people are all like medical insurance. そのでででとともににとともにのののとととととととに 12
The unemployment insurance system, the insured, the employees of all industries in the country, and the scale of an industry include. In agriculture and fisheries, individuals, employees and small and medium-sized enterprises with less than four employees should participate in decision-making independently. こののでにどわれるはにははのにはに For the former, compensation should be paid in case of injury, illness, disability, death and accident. During service hours.
China's social security, social security, social assistance, social welfare, priority distribution, social cooperation and personal storage security include. これらのはぃししにしししししににししししししにしに12 Social assistance, disaster relief, urban poverty relief, rural five guarantees support relief, urban and rural special care relief, prodigal relief. 3. Social welfare, social security, supreme program, social security. そのののののをしてのののののののののの 4. Social preferential treatment, social security, special components, special social classes, social security and special social security plans. Social advantages and disadvantages, distribution purpose, advantages and disadvantages, assistance, social preferential treatment, soldiers, family. Social preference, basic preference, military preference, family preference.
China のシステムはまだではなく, カバーが. China's life depends on his life.
The pressure of family economy: in Japanese families, it is the hostess who holds the financial power of the family and is responsible for arranging and managing the income and expenditure. Japanese women give full play to their careful and clever talents, carefully grasp every income, arrange expenses reasonably, and save appropriately, so as to bring about lifestyle changes for their future children's growth and make long-term plans for themselves and their spouses' old-age life in advance. Although male financial management will be bolder and more pioneering, it is also accompanied by risks. After all, the main income of most families still comes from wages, not risk means, so it is more reasonable and safe for women to manage the family. A good housewife not only makes money clear, but also really increases her savings. She can also relax, arrange entertainment and relaxation properly, and let the family work together to save and feel happy at the same time. Japan's economic development level is high, men's wages are high enough to support family consumption, and Japanese women's family economic pressure is small.
China: Working after marriage is an inevitable choice for women in China, because the labor income is too low to support their families by men alone. Work can guarantee the material conditions after marriage, and also guarantee the life of a woman after divorce. In the social reality of China, it is almost impossible to take care of the family full-time, so women have a strong desire to work after marriage. Living in the "two transformations" of economic system and social structure, a highly industrialized and commercialized city, as a new era, China women take the initiative to share the pressure for the family economy. 60% of women are the "finance ministers" of the family. Most women have invested in financial management, and funds, stocks, real estate and commercial insurance are the four hot spots of women's investment at present. 70% women are house slaves. When women become "family finance ministers", they also bear more economic pressure. Most people are under pressure to repay their mortgages after marriage, which makes them have to become career women.
The pressure of family economy: Japanese families, housewives, family finance, income and expenditure. Japanese women are careful, aware of their own quality, master their own skills and spend reasonably. Male investment trust, boldness, pioneering, innovation, cooperation, etc. In the end, most families mainly adopt feeding methods, sources and means. Manager のやりくりがなはぉをはっきりぅだけけ Japanese women's family strength is small.
China: China Women's "Inevitable Choice" after Marriage. のがぃのでだけでははをぇなぃななぃ𞊣𞊣なな𞊣12 The present situation of China society, the present possibility and present situation of family. System, social structure, change, life, highly industrialized and commercialized city. Female, 60%, Minister of Family and Finance. ほとんどのはをしたことがぁるファン゜. 70% women, real estate slaves, としてぃて When a woman is a "family finance minister", other women have too much burden. ほとんどのののローンのをして. She is a woman and a career.
Subjective consciousness
Japanese women's employment awareness is relatively negative. In Japanese society, the concept that men must support their families has been popular since ancient times, and there has always been a strong sense of gender division of labor between men and women. In particular, in the past, the criteria for evaluating women could only be "a good wife and a good mother". "A good wife and a good mother", people even think that "a good woman" should not show her face and should not take part in work. Even if you have a job, you can only get married. Once you are a wife and a mother, you will naturally quit your job and concentrate on serving your husband and children and doing housework. This kind of social thought has always influenced Japanese women's professional outlook, making them unwilling to become professional women.
Women in China are more active in employment. In modern China, women's education level, income and social level are relatively high, so they can better adapt to the economic pressure brought by society and family. Facing the new era advocated by the state, women can integrate into the development of society and face the economic pressure brought by their families. They will work actively to better develop their own careers. Willing to be a career-oriented woman. At the same time, because men have low wages and great economic pressure, they also support their wives to go out to work and reduce the burden.
Subjective consciousness
Japanese women's sense of employment is negative. Japanese society, male family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family, family. The consciousness of gender separation between men and women is always strong, especially women's evaluation, benchmarking and good marriage. "Good wife and mother", "good family, good woman" and "good manners, good looks, good manners and good conduct" participated in this activity. 1. Have a job, get married, get married, get married, have a wife. このよぅなのはずとのののののにして
China's female employment consciousness is positive. A comparison between women's learning and entering the society in modern China. The country is a woman who sings "New Era", "Women", "Face to Face", "Society" and "Exhibition".
Objective: Previous scholars rarely compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese women's professional views. The author wrote this article to enable Japanese women to compare their career views more intuitively and reconsider their career planning. (China, Japan, China, China, Japan, China, China, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, Japan, China, China and Japan, China, China and Japan, China, China and Japan, China.
Significance: By comparing the social security system, family economic pressure and women's subjective consciousness between China and China, this paper analyzes the differences of women's professional outlook between the two countries. Japanese women can learn from this article and reconsider whether it is necessary to work in Japan for salary to reduce economic pressure. (This manuscript compares the social security system, family strength and female consciousness of China and Japan in 200 10. ) )
Enlightenment to China
At present, there is a lot of room for women's development in China, and many capable women have already felt the sense of accomplishment and financial support brought by their career success. Nowadays, women are indispensable in many positions in society. They have become a force for social development and contributed a lot to the progress of the industry. Generally speaking, women's professional outlook in China is positive, but because of the surplus labor force in China, it is difficult to find employment. With the implementation of the "comprehensive two-child policy" and the arrival of the era of knowledge economy, the concept of "men are the masters outside and women are the masters inside" and the gender division of labor are constantly changing. As a group of women in China, intellectual women are advanced in thinking, highly educated, pursuing independence and having high expectations for their careers. They are not limited to doing housework at home, taking care of their husbands and educating their children. Instead, they use their high knowledge, high posture and excellent quality to create better career development, become the best in the workplace and show their charm. However, under the background of today's comprehensive two-child policy, although intellectual women have good knowledge and skills, even better than men, they are attached to natural costs and the uncertainty of childbirth, which causes certain employment risks to employers and makes them lose their employment development advantages. For those unmarried intellectual women who are about to enter the society, they may encounter more serious hidden employment threshold and unfair treatment than before the comprehensive two-child policy came out. For many intellectual women who give birth to a child at work, the second birth may bring them back to their families, interrupt their career, seriously affect their career development, and is not conducive to the harmonious and stable development of society. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the employment of intellectual women to promote their employment and stabilize China's social and economic development.