Shanhaiguan is the northeast starting point of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, with a territory of 26 kilometers, [1][2] located more than 0 kilometers east of Qinhuangdao City 10. According to historical records, Shanhaiguan has a history of more than 600 years since 138 1 was built, and it has been a military center in China since ancient times. Shanhaiguan city, about 4 kilometers in circumference, is a small town. The whole city is connected with the Great Wall, and the city is the gateway. City height 14m, thickness 7m.
In the late Ming Dynasty, female generals Qin Liangyu and Wu Ju and Wu Sangui guarded Shanhaiguan.
Today, although this majestic pass has become a historical relic, it inspires people's strong will and patriotic feelings with its majestic style and epic history. [Edit this paragraph] Building specifications Shanhaiguan City, with a circumference of about 4 kilometers, is a small town. The whole city is connected with the Great Wall, and the city is the gateway. City height 14m, thickness 7m. There are four main gates in the city and many ancient defensive buildings. It is a relatively complete defense system and is known as "the first level in the world". With the majestic "the first pass in the world" as the main body, supplemented by Jingbian Tower. Lv Lin architecture, such as Muyinglou, Weiyuantang, Wengcheng, Dongluocheng and Great Wall Museum, shows visitors the architectural style of ancient city defense in China.
Shanhaiguan is an ancient cultural city. The walls of the Ming Dynasty were basically intact, and most of the main streets and alleys were well preserved. In particular, a number of quadrangles have been preserved, making the ancient city more elegant and simple. The first gate in the world, the East Gate of Guancheng, stands on the Great Wall and overlooks the four fields. On the second floor of the tower, you can overlook Shanhaiguan City and the panoramic view of Yuan Ye outside Shanhaiguan. Looking north, you can see the majestic posture of the Great Wall of Jiao Shan from a distance; The sea in the south is also faintly visible. On the north and south sides of the world's first gate building, there are buildings such as Jingbian Building, Muying Building and Lulin Building. Walking on the Great Wall of Wan Li, you will feel the greatness of our ancestors and the extraordinary wisdom of China people. [Edit this paragraph] Cultural Connotation Shanhaiguan is an ancient cultural city with a long history and one of the image representatives of the Great Wall in Wan Li, China.
The "No.1 Pass in the World" plaque, more than 5 meters long and 1.5 meters high, was inscribed by Xiao Xian, a famous calligrapher in Ming Dynasty. Its regular script, vigorous and powerful, is a masterpiece of ancient and modern times. According to legend, the last word "one" was not written together, but the writer threw a pen full of ink into the air.
When you get off the "No.1 Gate in the World" tower, you can visit the Great Wall Museum, which will show you the ancient and modern Wan Li Great Wall and amazing physical exhibits. Forts and mountains
In the ancient city, tasting local snacks will greatly increase your interest in traveling and appreciate the customs of Shanhaiguan.
Shanhaiguan has a long history of humanities. As early as the Neolithic Age, our ancestors had already worked and lived here.
Shanhaiguan Scenic Area is a famous historical and cultural city and a tourist summer resort, with a collection of scenic spots and historical sites, beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. There are more than 90 scenic spots and historical sites with development and ornamental value in this area. In 2000, Shanhaiguan Scenic Area was rated as the first batch of 4A-level tourist attractions; In 200 1 year, the State Council officially listed Shanhaiguan District of Qinhuangdao as a national historical and cultural city. With the Great Wall as the main line, six scenic spots, Old Dragon Head, Meng Jiangnu Temple, Jiao Shan, the first pass in the world, Changshou Mountain and Yansai Lake, have been formed, all of which are open to Chinese and foreign tourists, and are famous tourist areas at home and abroad. Among them, Shanhaiguan Great Wall embodies the essence of the ancient Great Wall in China. The eastern starting point of the Great Wall in Wan Li in the Ming Dynasty is the Old Dragon Head, where the Great Wall meets the sea, with blue sea and golden sands, the sea and the sky are the same color, and the mountains are overlapping. Magnificent, the famous "the first pass in the world" stands towering, known as "the capital city, the left throat of Liaoning." The Great Wall of Jiao Shan is winding, with steep spires and picturesque scenery. Here, "Mountain Temple is rainy and sunny, Ruilian worships the sun" and "Qi Xian Buddha's Light" in "Eight Scenes of Guan Yu" has attracted many tourists. Meng Jiangnu Temple is an interpretation of China folklore-the touching story of Jiangnu seeking her husband. Hangyang Cave, the largest natural granite cave in northern China, is like a paradise. Yansai Lake, a pearl beyond the Great Wall, is beautiful.
Ticket price: Shanhaiguan Arrow Tower Tickets: 40 yuan, all tickets to 90 yuan (by tour bus).
"The First Pass in the World" plaque
According to legend, more than 500 years ago, Emperor Chenghua personally decreed that a large plaque of "the first pass in the world" should be hung on the gate of Shanhaiguan. At that time, Shanhaiguan was guarded by a director of the Ministry of War (equivalent to the Deputy Minister of National Defense). After receiving the imperial edict, he immediately sent someone to the watchtower, measured it, and asked the carpenter to make a huge plaque 10 feet long and 5 feet wide. The plaque is finished. Who can I ask to write it? The head of the Ministry of War discussed with his men for a day and a night, and finally remembered someone. This man, surnamed Xiao Mingxian, was born as a scholar in two lists. He worked as a supervisor in Fujian, and his calligraphy is very good. In recent years, due to old age, he resigned and returned to Shanhaiguan for leisure.
The next morning, Minister of War personally went to Xiao's house to explain his purpose. Xiaoxian hesitated for a long time before agreeing. However, he suggested that you should not rush to write such words, so the director of the Ministry of War had to agree.
In a blink of an eye, more than twenty days have passed without any news. The head of the Ministry of War asked his men to prepare a few things: some silks and satins, some big lake pens, and sent a confidant to see Xiao Xian. Not long after, the instructor came back and reported, "Mr. Xiao is practicing in the yard and playing long poles in the yard every morning." The Ministry of War is puzzled. What is the relationship between playing with a pole and writing? No matter how many days he has waited, he'd better wait.
After more than twenty days, nothing happened. Master of the Ministry of War also asked the servants to prepare some excellent Hui ink and rice paper, and sent cronies to Xiao's house with things. When the master came back, he reported: "Old Mr. Xiao was in the room, reciting what flew down thousands of feet, what suspected that the Milky Way had set for nine days ... what made her start to vent her anger like a thunderbolt, just like the green light of rivers and oceans. ..... ""What did he say when he saw the gift? " "He said he could write it in a month."
Master of the Ministry of War doesn't quite understand this, but there is a deadline at last, so just wait. Unexpectedly, the master of the Ministry of War received an urgent letter from the Ministry of War the next day, saying that the new acting emperor of Jilin and Liao would come to Shanhaiguan to inspect the plaque and was expected to arrive three days later. This worried the master of the Ministry of War, and immediately had the wooden tablet and a jar of ink carried to Xiao's house.
When I arrived at Xiao's home, after greeting, I told Xiaoxian the urgent news of the Ministry of War. Xiaoxian is also a person who came down from the officialdom, so he didn't neglect it and acted immediately. I saw him, pen in hand, walking back and forth in front of the plaque, studying, nodding and laughing; Suddenly, he stopped, held his breath and began to write. I saw him, writing like a falling stone, writing like a swallow, fast, slow, steady and accurate, and carrying a pen with him. In a short time, I wrote the five characters "The First Pass in the World". Look at Xiaoxian again, all sweaty and flushed. The head of the Ministry of War is busy giving thanks. Xiaoxian said: "I wanted to spend a month reading ancient poems to cultivate sentiment, but unfortunately time was too tight." The head of the Ministry of War quickly said: "This is already very good, it is already very good."
The next morning, the director of the Ministry of War ordered people to hang a large plaque on the watchtower, and at the same time hosted Xiaoxian in the "Yuexinzhai" restaurant under the watchtower. After three rounds of wine, the two sides looked up at the railing, and Xiaoxian found that the word "Xia" was a little less. At this time, the general manager reported that the governor of Hebei and Liao had crossed the Shihe River, and it was too late to go back to the office and take a pen upstairs to make up for it. What should I do? Xiaoxian used his quick wits to order extremely to grind ink immediately, grabbed a tablecloth in the waiter's hand, dipped it in ink, and threw it at the plaque on the arrow building with all his strength. Just listen to the sound of "beep", and the ink cloth just falls on the lower right corner of the word "Xia", making up a "point". Everyone cheered and praised in unison: "Xiao Gong's pen from God, the pen from God!"
This is a plaque written by Xiao Xian, which is now in Shanhaiguan Building. What hangs on the rostrum are all later imitations.
This is a legend I found on the Internet about Xiao Xian's writing "The First Pass in the World". There are many elements of folk interpretation in it, which can only be used as stories. [Edit this paragraph] Climatic conditions: Shanhaiguan is located in Bohai Bay in the northeast of China, east longitude 1 19 24' to 19 5 1', north latitude 39 48' to 40 07'. It is an urban area of Qinhuangdao, in the northeast of the city. Yanshan in the north, Bohai in the south, Liaoning in the east and Beijing and Tianjin in the west. Natural area 180 km2, population125,000. There are Shihe River, Chaohe River, Shahe River and other major rivers. The climate belongs to the humid climate in the warm and humid zone of the eastern monsoon. There is no heat in summer, no cold in winter, abundant rainfall and pleasant climate. The average annual rainfall is 736 mm, the maximum snow depth is 13 cm, the maximum freezing depth is 85 cm, and the average relative humidity of the air is 62%. [Edit this paragraph] 1985' s honor score is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Scenic Spots in China"; 1987 The Great Wall of Wan Li-Shanhaiguan has been listed as "World Natural and Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO;
199 1 year, Shanhaiguan and Laolongtou Great Wall were rated as "Forty Best Tourist Attractions in China";
1992 was identified as the national tourist route of' 92 China Friendship Tourism Year';
1993 was identified as the key tour extension point of' 93 China Landscape Tour';
1994 has been identified as an important tourist route of national cultural relics and historic sites;
1995 was identified as the tourist route of "China Folk Customs Tour-Great Wall Customs";
1999, the first batch in China was named as "China Excellent Tourist City", and Changshou Mountain, Jiao Shan and Yansai Lake were named as "National Forest Parks";
In 2000, it was awarded the title of "National Civilized Scenic Spot Demonstration Site" by the Central Civilization Office and the National Tourism Administration.
In 2000, the first batch in China was rated as "national AAAA-level tourist attractions" by the National Tourism Administration.
200 1 was named "China's famous historical and cultural city";
In 2002, Changshou Mountain, Jiao Shan and the dammed lake were named "National Geopark (Liujiang Valley National Geopark)".
In 2007, the National Scenic Spot Quality Rating Committee approved it as the first batch of national 5A-level scenic spots. [Edit this paragraph] The origin of place names is said to have been passed down more than 600 years ago. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor, and sent Marshal Xu Da and Strategist Liu Bowen to the north of Beijing, which had to be completed within two years.
Xu Da and Liu Bowen got the news, took the troops, set out from now on, and soon arrived at the frontier fortress. The next day, they rode up the mountain, took a look and wanted to find a place to build a city. When it comes to building cities, Xu Da is a layman. He will only go to war and take the lead; Strong city, but not as good as Liu Bowen. Liu Bowen learned a lot from astronomy and geography. Xu Da stood on a high place and even said, "Good place, good battlefield!" Liu Bowen was silent.
On the third day, they rode here again, and Xu Da repeatedly called "a good place, a rare good place!" Liu Bowen still didn't hum. On the fourth day, they rode here again. Xu Da repeatedly said, "Good battlefield, good battlefield!" Liu Bowen still don't hum 1. Xu Da was puzzled when he saw this. He asked, "Counselor, we are here to guard the city. You haven't said a word for three days in a row. Why on earth? " "For Daming Jiangshan! Also for you ... ""For me? How do you say this? " Liu Bowen pointed to the front with a whip and said, "Marshal, look: the Yanshan Mountains in the north are continuous, and the Bohai Sea in the south is full of sky. This is true, and one person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it! " Knowing that the strategist had a brilliant plan, Xu Dasu asked, "What are you going to build?" Liu Bowen said, "This city is bigger and higher than other cities. It is necessary to build a Huang Jincheng with a copper wall and an iron wall, which is connected by the city, by the building and by the building. " Liu Bowen pointed his whip around and said, "Marshal, this place is not only a good battlefield, but also a good place to live. You see, the land here is fertile and the climate is mild. What a good place to settle down! " After listening to it, Xu suddenly realized that the strategist said "it's for you." Xu Da repeatedly cheered, and returned to camp that day. They drew pictures overnight and sent the pie to Beijing the next day. The court must begin its work immediately. After working for a whole year and eight months, Guancheng was completed.
Early this morning, when Zhu Yuanzhang saw Xu Da and Liu Bowen coming back, he asked, "Can the city be built when two Ai Qing return to Beijing?" After class, he said, "Thanks to God, have you ever given a name?" Hearing this, the Xu Da and Liu Bowen froze. At that time, the city was ordered to be built, but it was not named! Xu Da is a straight shooter. As soon as he spoke, Liu Bowen stepped forward and said, "I dare not move. It's just that this city, which faces the sea in the south and the mountains in the north, can really be described as the pass of mountains and seas. Long live the sage, please show it! " Hearing this, Zhu Yuanzhang waved his hand and said, "OK, this is called Shanhaiguan!"
After returning from Li Chao, Liu Bowen followed Xu Da to Xu Fu and said to Xu Da, "I can't be an official in Li Chao any more. I have to go. " Xu Da quickly asked, "What are you going to do?" Liu Bowen said, "I'm a Taoist from Shan Ye, so I'd better travel around the world!" Xu Da was puzzled. "You and I fought the emperor in the south and fought the emperor in the north, from Dingjiangshan to Shanhaiguan now. It can be said that we have worked hard and should have enjoyed the splendor. If we leave, the emperor knows that we will not be able to play correctly. " Liu Bowen said, "Far from it! If we were allowed to enjoy the splendor, we wouldn't be sent to build Guancheng, and we wouldn't be given a two-year deadline. If you and I don't obey orders, our lives will be hard to protect; If you don't finish the order on time, you will commit the crime of deceiving the monarch again; If it is built under a private name, it belongs to the emperor; I'm afraid to name it now. It's also a poor job. This is just the beginning! " Xu Da was puzzled: "Military adviser, what do you mean ..." Liu Bowen waved and said: "The rabbit is dead, the dog is going to cook, and the bird is going to hide." Are there few examples of emperors and ministers who can find trouble with * * * but cannot find trouble with * * * Anton? "In a word, xu da was dumbfounded. After a long time, he said, "Counselor, what shall I do if you leave?" Liu Bowen said: "You can't go. You should stay with North Korea and never leave for long live." . Don't leave even if you are driven away. Besides, your children can't stay in Beijing. Let them go to Shanhaiguan. The city there is high and deep, not suffering from the sword. Even if the fire rages, there are still Pingchuan and high mountains behind, which can be used. "Xu Da said," just do as the strategist said. Tell the children to go to Shanhaiguan tomorrow. " Just then, a general named Hu Minghai broke into the room. Suddenly, I heard Xu and Liu talking outside the tent, so I came into the room and called, "Marshal, I fought with you. Now you go to Shanhaiguan, and I'll send a son with you!" The words sound just fell and General Chang Yuchun came again. Liu Bowen knew that these three were friends of life and death, so he told him the whole story. Chang Yuchun also insisted on sending a child to Shanhaiguan.
Soon, Liu Bowen left without saying goodbye, and Xu Da, as Liu Bowen said, never left the emperor's side to save his life. Hu Dahai, Chang Yuchun and other founding fathers all died in the fire of the celebration building.
In addition, Xu Da, Hu Dahai and Chang Yuchun all went to Shanhaiguan to settle down. Later, the descendants of these three families built Xuda Temple in Shanhaiguan City, Hujiafen in the northeast of the city and Changjiafen in the southwest of the city, all of which set up stone archways.